Labour Force, Australia, May 2023

In seasonally adjusted terms, in May 2023:

unemployment rate decreased to 3.6%.
participation rate increased to 66.9%.
employment increased to 14,011,800.
employment to population ratio increased to 64.5%.
underemployment rate increased to 6.4%.
monthly hours worked decreased to 1,944 million.
full-time employment increased by 61,700 to 9,826,200 people.
part-time employment increased by 14,300 to 4,185,600 people.

Key statistics - Trend
	Apr-2023	May-2023	Monthly change	Monthly change (%)	Yearly change	Yearly change (%)
Employed people	13,963,600	14,003,400	39,800	0.3%	426,600	3.1%
Unemployed people	511,700	512,800	1,100	0.2%	-14,500	-2.8%
Unemployment rate	3.5%	3.5%	0.0 pts	na	-0.2 pts	na
Underemployment rate	6.2%	6.3%	0.0 pts	na	0.1 pts	na
Participation rate	66.8%	66.8%	0.0 pts	na	0.1 pts	na
Monthly hours worked in all jobs	1,937 million	1,944 million	7 million	0.4%	99 million	5.4%

Key statistics - Seasonally adjusted
	Apr-2023	May-2023	Monthly change	Monthly change (%)	Yearly change	Yearly change (%)
Employed people	13,935,800	14,011,800	75,900	0.5%	465,500	3.4%
Unemployed people	532,400	515,900	-16,500	-3.1%	-35,500	-6.4%
Unemployment rate	3.7%	3.6%	-0.1 pts	na	-0.4 pts	na
Underemployment rate	6.2%	6.4%	0.3 pts	na	0.5 pts	na
Participation rate	66.7%	66.9%	0.1 pts	na	0.2 pts	na
Monthly hours worked in all jobs	1,980 million	1,944 million	-36 million	-1.8%	88 million	4.8%

Estimates of changes throughout this release are calculated using un-rounded level estimates and may be different from, but are more accurate than, movements obtained from the rounded level estimates.

For definitions of labour statistics used in this publication, please refer to Glossary of Labour Force, Australia methodology.

Survey impacts and changes

Articles and other information

As Labour Force hours worked data are returning to normal patterns, the ABS ceased publishing the article ‘insights into hours worked’ in the April 2023 publication. The data cubes EM2a and EM2b, usually published in the detailed release, will continue to be published with the release of headline estimates until the end of the winter months in 2023 (exact timing to be confirmed) to enable more detailed analysis of changes in hours worked and the reasons that people are working reduced hours.

Quarterly rebenchmarking of labour force statistics

Survey response and timeline

Reference and Enumeration Dates
Publication	Start of Reference Week	End of Reference Week	Start of Enumeration	End of Enumeration
Apr-23	2nd April 2023	15th April 2023	9th April 2023	29th April 2023
May-23	30th April 2023	13th May 2023	7th May 2023	27th May 2023
Jun-23	4th June 2023	17th June 2023	11th June 2023	1st July 2023
Jul-23	2nd July 2023	15th July 2023	9th July 2023	29th July 2023
Aug-23	30th July 2023	12th August 2023	6th August 2023	26th August 2023
Sep-23	3rd September 2023	16th September 2023	10th September 2023	30th September 2023

Unemployment

In trend terms, in May 2023:

unemployment rate remained at 3.5%.
unemployed people decreased by 1,100 to 512,800.
youth unemployment rate remained at 7.8%.

Unemployment rate
	Trend (%)	Seasonally adjusted (%)
May-13	5.6	5.6
Jun-13	5.7	5.7
Jul-13	5.7	5.6
Aug-13	5.7	5.8
Sep-13	5.8	5.7
Oct-13	5.8	5.8
Nov-13	5.8	5.8
Dec-13	5.9	5.9
Jan-14	5.8	5.9
Feb-14	5.8	5.9
Mar-14	5.8	5.9
Apr-14	5.9	5.8
May-14	5.9	5.9
Jun-14	6.0	6.1
Jul-14	6.1	6.2
Aug-14	6.2	6.1
Sep-14	6.3	6.2
Oct-14	6.3	6.4
Nov-14	6.3	6.3
Dec-14	6.3	6.1
Jan-15	6.2	6.3
Feb-15	6.2	6.2
Mar-15	6.1	6.1
Apr-15	6.1	6.1
May-15	6.1	5.9
Jun-15	6.1	6.0
Jul-15	6.1	6.3
Aug-15	6.0	6.1
Sep-15	6.0	6.2
Oct-15	5.9	5.9
Nov-15	5.9	5.9
Dec-15	5.8	5.7
Jan-16	5.8	6.0
Feb-16	5.7	5.7
Mar-16	5.7	5.6
Apr-16	5.7	5.6
May-16	5.6	5.7
Jun-16	5.6	5.7
Jul-16	5.6	5.7
Aug-16	5.6	5.6
Sep-16	5.6	5.7
Oct-16	5.7	5.6
Nov-16	5.7	5.8
Dec-16	5.8	5.8
Jan-17	5.8	5.7
Feb-17	5.8	5.8
Mar-17	5.8	5.8
Apr-17	5.7	5.6
May-17	5.7	5.5
Jun-17	5.6	5.6
Jul-17	5.6	5.6
Aug-17	5.5	5.5
Sep-17	5.5	5.5
Oct-17	5.5	5.4
Nov-17	5.5	5.4
Dec-17	5.5	5.6
Jan-18	5.5	5.5
Feb-18	5.5	5.6
Mar-18	5.5	5.5
Apr-18	5.5	5.5
May-18	5.4	5.4
Jun-18	5.4	5.3
Jul-18	5.3	5.3
Aug-18	5.2	5.3
Sep-18	5.2	5.0
Oct-18	5.1	5.0
Nov-18	5.1	5.1
Dec-18	5.0	5.0
Jan-19	5.0	5.0
Feb-19	5.1	5.0
Mar-19	5.1	5.1
Apr-19	5.1	5.2
May-19	5.2	5.2
Jun-19	5.2	5.3
Jul-19	5.3	5.3
Aug-19	5.3	5.3
Sep-19	5.2	5.2
Oct-19	5.2	5.3
Nov-19	5.2	5.2
Dec-19	5.2	5.1
Jan-20	5.2	5.3
Feb-20	5.2	5.1
Mar-20	5.3	5.2
Apr-20		6.3
May-20		7.0
Jun-20		7.4
Jul-20		7.5
Aug-20		6.8
Sep-20		6.9
Oct-20		7.0
Nov-20		6.8
Dec-20		6.6
Jan-21		6.3
Feb-21		5.8
Mar-21		5.6
Apr-21		5.4
May-21		5.1
Jun-21		5.0
Jul-21		4.7
Aug-21		4.6
Sep-21		4.7
Oct-21		5.3
Nov-21		4.6
Dec-21		4.2
Jan-22		4.2
Feb-22		4.0
Mar-22		3.9
Apr-22	3.8	3.9
May-22	3.7	3.9
Jun-22	3.6	3.6
Jul-22	3.6	3.5
Aug-22	3.5	3.5
Sep-22	3.5	3.6
Oct-22	3.5	3.4
Nov-22	3.5	3.5
Dec-22	3.5	3.5
Jan-23	3.5	3.7
Feb-23	3.5	3.5
Mar-23	3.5	3.5
Apr-23	3.5	3.7
May-23	3.5	3.6

Unemployment rate

["","Trend","Seasonally adjusted"]

[["May-13","Jun-13","Jul-13","Aug-13","Sep-13","Oct-13","Nov-13","Dec-13","Jan-14","Feb-14","Mar-14","Apr-14","May-14","Jun-14","Jul-14","Aug-14","Sep-14","Oct-14","Nov-14","Dec-14","Jan-15","Feb-15","Mar-15","Apr-15","May-15","Jun-15","Jul-15","Aug-15","Sep-15","Oct-15","Nov-15","Dec-15","Jan-16","Feb-16","Mar-16","Apr-16","May-16","Jun-16","Jul-16","Aug-16","Sep-16","Oct-16","Nov-16","Dec-16","Jan-17","Feb-17","Mar-17","Apr-17","May-17","Jun-17","Jul-17","Aug-17","Sep-17","Oct-17","Nov-17","Dec-17","Jan-18","Feb-18","Mar-18","Apr-18","May-18","Jun-18","Jul-18","Aug-18","Sep-18","Oct-18","Nov-18","Dec-18","Jan-19","Feb-19","Mar-19","Apr-19","May-19","Jun-19","Jul-19","Aug-19","Sep-19","Oct-19","Nov-19","Dec-19","Jan-20","Feb-20","Mar-20","Apr-20","May-20","Jun-20","Jul-20","Aug-20","Sep-20","Oct-20","Nov-20","Dec-20","Jan-21","Feb-21","Mar-21","Apr-21","May-21","Jun-21","Jul-21","Aug-21","Sep-21","Oct-21","Nov-21","Dec-21","Jan-22","Feb-22","Mar-22","Apr-22","May-22","Jun-22","Jul-22","Aug-22","Sep-22","Oct-22","Nov-22","Dec-22","Jan-23","Feb-23","Mar-23","Apr-23","May-23"],[[5.6],[5.7],[5.7],[5.7],[5.8],[5.8],[5.8],[5.9],[5.8],[5.8],[5.8],[5.9],[5.9],[6],[6.1],[6.2],[6.3],[6.3],[6.3],[6.3],[6.2],[6.2],[6.1],[6.1],[6.1],[6.1],[6.1],[6],[6],[5.9],[5.9],[5.8],[5.8],[5.7],[5.7],[5.7],[5.6],[5.6],[5.6],[5.6],[5.6],[5.7],[5.7],[5.8],[5.8],[5.8],[5.8],[5.7],[5.7],[5.6],[5.6],[5.5],[5.5],[5.5],[5.5],[5.5],[5.5],[5.5],[5.5],[5.5],[5.4],[5.4],[5.3],[5.2],[5.2],[5.1],[5.1],[5],[5],[5.1],[5.1],[5.1],[5.2],[5.2],[5.3],[5.3],[5.2],[5.2],[5.2],[5.2],[5.2],[5.2],[5.3],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[3.8],[3.7],[3.6],[3.6],[3.5],[3.5],[3.5],[3.5],[3.5],[3.5],[3.5],[3.5],[3.5],[3.5]],[[5.6],[5.7],[5.6],[5.8],[5.7],[5.8],[5.8],[5.9],[5.9],[5.9],[5.9],[5.8],[5.9],[6.1],[6.2],[6.1],[6.2],[6.4],[6.3],[6.1],[6.3],[6.2],[6.1],[6.1],[5.9],[6],[6.3],[6.1],[6.2],[5.9],[5.9],[5.7],[6],[5.7],[5.6],[5.6],[5.7],[5.7],[5.7],[5.6],[5.7],[5.6],[5.8],[5.8],[5.7],[5.8],[5.8],[5.6],[5.5],[5.6],[5.6],[5.5],[5.5],[5.4],[5.4],[5.6],[5.5],[5.6],[5.5],[5.5],[5.4],[5.3],[5.3],[5.3],[5],[5],[5.1],[5],[5],[5],[5.1],[5.2],[5.2],[5.3],[5.3],[5.3],[5.2],[5.3],[5.2],[5.1],[5.3],[5.1],[5.2],[6.3],[7],[7.4],[7.5],[6.8],[6.9],[7],[6.8],[6.6],[6.3],[5.8],[5.6],[5.4],[5.1],[5],[4.7],[4.6],[4.7],[5.3],[4.6],[4.2],[4.2],[4],[3.9],[3.9],[3.9],[3.6],[3.5],[3.5],[3.6],[3.4],[3.5],[3.5],[3.7],[3.5],[3.5],[3.7],[3.6]]]

[]

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Large month-to-month changes occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in multiple trend breaks. The ABS recommends caution when using trend estimates published in spreadsheets in this release for this period. Information on trend breaks can be found in Labour Force, Australia methodology, May 2023.

Employment

In trend terms, in May 2023, employment increased by 39,800 people (0.3%) to 14,003,400 people.

Flows into and out of employment

Monthly inflows, outflows and employment growth, Original
	Employed people growth ('000)	Inflow ('000)	Outflow ('000)
May-18	48	431	-400
Jun-18	34	407	-403
Jul-18	-33	430	-439
Aug-18	-28	418	-414
Sep-18	68	475	-404
Oct-18	37	420	-436
Nov-18	87	439	-374
Dec-18	96	441	-403
Jan-19	-236	428	-679
Feb-19	197	610	-360
Mar-19	-15	410	-431
Apr-19	47	444	-395
May-19	90	412	-376
Jun-19	-30	381	-454
Jul-19	-5	436	-472
Aug-19	-28	468	-435
Sep-19	69	446	-376
Oct-19	-26	395	-461
Nov-19	94	448	-396
Dec-19	100	442	-410
Jan-20	-267	415	-707
Feb-20	220	642	-395
Mar-20	-48	434	-463
Apr-20	-590	355	-947
May-20	-221	583	-781
Jun-20	198	608	-421
Jul-20	78	557	-436
Aug-20	91	522	-493
Sep-20	3	486	-434
Oct-20	169	547	-409
Nov-20	142	522	-356
Dec-20	113	500	-390
Jan-21	-262	420	-665
Feb-21	302	674	-355
Mar-21	26	473	-414
Apr-21	-27	497	-477
May-21	166	507	-371
Jun-21	-20	421	-458
Jul-21	-25	497	-544
Aug-21	-199	460	-641
Sep-21	-94	518	-631
Oct-21	-30	536	-537
Nov-21	443	831	-400
Dec-21	161	535	-410
Jan-22	-268	438	-789
Feb-22	341	724	-388
Mar-22	-19	454	-483
Apr-22	22	562	-493
May-22	138	483	-386
Jun-22	39	445	-408
Jul-22	-32	505	-510
Aug-22	-23	474	-454
Sep-22	48	494	-451
Oct-22	55	456	-446
Nov-22	133	482	-407
Dec-22	74	452	-419
Jan-23	-327	396	-798
Feb-23	336	758	-420
Mar-23	26	493	-489
Apr-23	-31	482	-544
May-23	169	528	-385

Employed people
	Trend ('000)	Seasonally adjusted ('000)
May-13	11,461.2	11,458.3
Jun-13	11,465.2	11,471.0
Jul-13	11,467.5	11,458.1
Aug-13	11,466.8	11,459.7
Sep-13	11,462.7	11,476.1
Oct-13	11,457.0	11,471.2
Nov-13	11,453.5	11,449.1
Dec-13	11,454.9	11,417.3
Jan-14	11,463.3	11,453.9
Feb-14	11,478.1	11,476.9
Mar-14	11,497.0	11,530.8
Apr-14	11,515.9	11,536.8
May-14	11,530.3	11,513.8
Jun-14	11,539.1	11,529.9
Jul-14	11,544.4	11,546.4
Aug-14	11,548.4	11,550.1
Sep-14	11,554.2	11,550.3
Oct-14	11,564.0	11,543.3
Nov-14	11,578.2	11,543.1
Dec-14	11,597.2	11,595.8
Jan-15	11,620.5	11,607.8
Feb-15	11,646.2	11,671.4
Mar-15	11,671.8	11,691.9
Apr-15	11,695.1	11,691.0
May-15	11,716.3	11,734.3
Jun-15	11,737.5	11,729.4
Jul-15	11,760.8	11,761.7
Aug-15	11,788.3	11,772.8
Sep-15	11,819.5	11,787.9
Oct-15	11,850.9	11,862.2
Nov-15	11,880.4	11,894.3
Dec-15	11,904.8	11,903.4
Jan-16	11,922.2	11,911.0
Feb-16	11,934.6	11,923.2
Mar-16	11,944.2	11,940.1
Apr-16	11,953.7	11,946.9
May-16	11,963.3	11,942.5
Jun-16	11,971.9	11,965.9
Jul-16	11,979.2	11,997.0
Aug-16	11,985.9	11,974.1
Sep-16	11,992.1	11,959.1
Oct-16	11,999.0	11,987.8
Nov-16	12,008.2	12,009.1
Dec-16	12,020.9	12,031.5
Jan-17	12,041.0	12,056.7
Feb-17	12,068.8	12,051.9
Mar-17	12,104.1	12,115.7
Apr-17	12,145.5	12,169.0
May-17	12,188.9	12,190.9
Jun-17	12,230.7	12,228.0
Jul-17	12,269.2	12,257.1
Aug-17	12,303.8	12,313.2
Sep-17	12,336.0	12,350.5
Oct-17	12,367.2	12,355.1
Nov-17	12,397.7	12,402.5
Dec-17	12,425.7	12,442.8
Jan-18	12,448.9	12,488.5
Feb-18	12,466.4	12,471.0
Mar-18	12,481.2	12,485.8
Apr-18	12,496.4	12,504.6
May-18	12,516.0	12,496.0
Jun-18	12,541.7	12,574.0
Jul-18	12,571.5	12,567.4
Aug-18	12,602.4	12,614.7
Sep-18	12,631.9	12,636.3
Oct-18	12,657.5	12,660.1
Nov-18	12,678.9	12,685.0
Dec-18	12,699.1	12,707.3
Jan-19	12,721.5	12,750.6
Feb-19	12,747.8	12,736.1
Mar-19	12,777.9	12,769.8
Apr-19	12,811.0	12,810.6
May-19	12,844.6	12,833.7
Jun-19	12,874.7	12,851.6
Jul-19	12,898.1	12,874.3
Aug-19	12,914.8	12,922.5
Sep-19	12,927.1	12,950.7
Oct-19	12,938.5	12,909.1
Nov-19	12,951.2	12,934.1
Dec-19	12,964.1	12,963.2
Jan-20	12,973.7	12,991.7
Feb-20	12,978.5	12,988.2
Mar-20	12,978.9	12,983.5
Apr-20		12,399.4
May-20		12,108.8
Jun-20		12,349.1
Jul-20		12,456.3
Aug-20		12,612.6
Sep-20		12,584.1
Oct-20		12,736.2
Nov-20		12,808.0
Dec-20		12,856.1
Jan-21		12,899.2
Feb-21		12,961.5
Mar-21		13,027.9
Apr-21		13,013.4
May-21		13,096.8
Jun-21		13,129.3
Jul-21		13,133.8
Aug-21		13,005.0
Sep-21		12,885.1
Oct-21		12,834.9
Nov-21		13,199.8
Dec-21		13,292.0
Jan-22		13,347.9
Feb-22		13,429.8
Mar-22		13,453.7
Apr-22	13,526.9	13,496.4
May-22	13,576.8	13,546.2
Jun-22	13,619.9	13,641.3
Jul-22	13,657.2	13,633.8
Aug-22	13,690.4	13,690.0
Sep-22	13,720.4	13,712.6
Oct-22	13,748.7	13,744.7
Nov-22	13,777.5	13,796.1
Dec-22	13,808.7	13,791.8
Jan-23	13,843.6	13,807.0
Feb-23	13,882.2	13,869.1
Mar-23	13,922.9	13,939.8
Apr-23	13,963.6	13,935.8
May-23	14,003.4	14,011.8

Employed people

["","Trend","Seasonally adjusted"]

[["May-13","Jun-13","Jul-13","Aug-13","Sep-13","Oct-13","Nov-13","Dec-13","Jan-14","Feb-14","Mar-14","Apr-14","May-14","Jun-14","Jul-14","Aug-14","Sep-14","Oct-14","Nov-14","Dec-14","Jan-15","Feb-15","Mar-15","Apr-15","May-15","Jun-15","Jul-15","Aug-15","Sep-15","Oct-15","Nov-15","Dec-15","Jan-16","Feb-16","Mar-16","Apr-16","May-16","Jun-16","Jul-16","Aug-16","Sep-16","Oct-16","Nov-16","Dec-16","Jan-17","Feb-17","Mar-17","Apr-17","May-17","Jun-17","Jul-17","Aug-17","Sep-17","Oct-17","Nov-17","Dec-17","Jan-18","Feb-18","Mar-18","Apr-18","May-18","Jun-18","Jul-18","Aug-18","Sep-18","Oct-18","Nov-18","Dec-18","Jan-19","Feb-19","Mar-19","Apr-19","May-19","Jun-19","Jul-19","Aug-19","Sep-19","Oct-19","Nov-19","Dec-19","Jan-20","Feb-20","Mar-20","Apr-20","May-20","Jun-20","Jul-20","Aug-20","Sep-20","Oct-20","Nov-20","Dec-20","Jan-21","Feb-21","Mar-21","Apr-21","May-21","Jun-21","Jul-21","Aug-21","Sep-21","Oct-21","Nov-21","Dec-21","Jan-22","Feb-22","Mar-22","Apr-22","May-22","Jun-22","Jul-22","Aug-22","Sep-22","Oct-22","Nov-22","Dec-22","Jan-23","Feb-23","Mar-23","Apr-23","May-23"],[[11461.2],[11465.2],[11467.5],[11466.8],[11462.7],[11457],[11453.5],[11454.9],[11463.3],[11478.1],[11497],[11515.9],[11530.3],[11539.1],[11544.4],[11548.4],[11554.2],[11564],[11578.2],[11597.2],[11620.5],[11646.2],[11671.8],[11695.1],[11716.3],[11737.5],[11760.8],[11788.3],[11819.5],[11850.9],[11880.4],[11904.8],[11922.2],[11934.6],[11944.2],[11953.7],[11963.3],[11971.9],[11979.2],[11985.9],[11992.1],[11999],[12008.2],[12020.9],[12041],[12068.8],[12104.1],[12145.5],[12188.9],[12230.7],[12269.2],[12303.8],[12336],[12367.2],[12397.7],[12425.7],[12448.9],[12466.4],[12481.2],[12496.4],[12516],[12541.7],[12571.5],[12602.4],[12631.9],[12657.5],[12678.9],[12699.1],[12721.5],[12747.8],[12777.9],[12811],[12844.6],[12874.7],[12898.1],[12914.8],[12927.1],[12938.5],[12951.2],[12964.1],[12973.7],[12978.5],[12978.9],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[13526.9],[13576.8],[13619.9],[13657.2],[13690.4],[13720.4],[13748.7],[13777.5],[13808.7],[13843.6],[13882.2],[13922.9],[13963.6],[14003.4]],[[11458.3],[11471],[11458.1],[11459.7],[11476.1],[11471.2],[11449.1],[11417.3],[11453.9],[11476.9],[11530.8],[11536.8],[11513.8],[11529.9],[11546.4],[11550.1],[11550.3],[11543.3],[11543.1],[11595.8],[11607.8],[11671.4],[11691.9],[11691],[11734.3],[11729.4],[11761.7],[11772.8],[11787.9],[11862.2],[11894.3],[11903.4],[11911],[11923.2],[11940.1],[11946.9],[11942.5],[11965.9],[11997],[11974.1],[11959.1],[11987.8],[12009.1],[12031.5],[12056.7],[12051.9],[12115.7],[12169],[12190.9],[12228],[12257.1],[12313.2],[12350.5],[12355.1],[12402.5],[12442.8],[12488.5],[12471],[12485.8],[12504.6],[12496],[12574],[12567.4],[12614.7],[12636.3],[12660.1],[12685],[12707.3],[12750.6],[12736.1],[12769.8],[12810.6],[12833.7],[12851.6],[12874.3],[12922.5],[12950.7],[12909.1],[12934.1],[12963.2],[12991.7],[12988.2],[12983.5],[12399.4],[12108.8],[12349.1],[12456.3],[12612.6],[12584.1],[12736.2],[12808],[12856.1],[12899.2],[12961.5],[13027.9],[13013.4],[13096.8],[13129.3],[13133.8],[13005],[12885.1],[12834.9],[13199.8],[13292],[13347.9],[13429.8],[13453.7],[13496.4],[13546.2],[13641.3],[13633.8],[13690],[13712.6],[13744.7],[13796.1],[13791.8],[13807],[13869.1],[13939.8],[13935.8],[14011.8]]]

[]

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Large month-to-month changes occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in multiple trend breaks. The ABS recommends caution when using trend estimates published in spreadsheets in this release for this period. Information on trend breaks can be found in Labour Force, Australia methodology, May 2023.

Full-time and part-time employment

In trend terms, in May 2023:

full-time employment increased by 33,100 to 9,818,100 people, and part-time employment increased by 6,700 to 4,185,300 people.
part-time share of employment was 29.9%.

Employment-to-population ratio

In trend terms, in May 2023, the employment-to-population ratio remained at 64.4%.

The employment-to-population ratio provides a measure of employment relative to the size of the population.

Employment-to-population ratio
	Trend (%)	Seasonally adjusted (%)
May-13	61.4	61.4
Jun-13	61.3	61.4
Jul-13	61.3	61.2
Aug-13	61.2	61.1
Sep-13	61.1	61.1
Oct-13	61.0	61.1
Nov-13	60.9	60.9
Dec-13	60.8	60.6
Jan-14	60.8	60.7
Feb-14	60.8	60.8
Mar-14	60.8	60.9
Apr-14	60.8	60.9
May-14	60.8	60.7
Jun-14	60.8	60.8
Jul-14	60.8	60.8
Aug-14	60.7	60.7
Sep-14	60.7	60.6
Oct-14	60.7	60.5
Nov-14	60.7	60.5
Dec-14	60.7	60.7
Jan-15	60.7	60.7
Feb-15	60.8	60.9
Mar-15	60.8	60.9
Apr-15	60.9	60.8
May-15	60.9	61.0
Jun-15	60.9	60.9
Jul-15	61.0	61.0
Aug-15	61.1	61.0
Sep-15	61.2	61.0
Oct-15	61.3	61.3
Nov-15	61.3	61.4
Dec-15	61.4	61.4
Jan-16	61.4	61.3
Feb-16	61.3	61.3
Mar-16	61.3	61.3
Apr-16	61.3	61.2
May-16	61.2	61.1
Jun-16	61.2	61.2
Jul-16	61.2	61.3
Aug-16	61.1	61.0
Sep-16	61.1	60.9
Oct-16	61.0	60.9
Nov-16	61.0	61.0
Dec-16	60.9	61.0
Jan-17	60.9	61.0
Feb-17	61.0	60.9
Mar-17	61.1	61.1
Apr-17	61.2	61.3
May-17	61.3	61.3
Jun-17	61.5	61.5
Jul-17	61.6	61.5
Aug-17	61.7	61.7
Sep-17	61.8	61.8
Oct-17	61.8	61.8
Nov-17	61.9	62.0
Dec-17	62.0	62.1
Jan-18	62.0	62.2
Feb-18	62.0	62.0
Mar-18	62.0	62.0
Apr-18	62.0	62.0
May-18	62.0	61.9
Jun-18	62.0	62.2
Jul-18	62.1	62.1
Aug-18	62.1	62.2
Sep-18	62.2	62.2
Oct-18	62.3	62.3
Nov-18	62.3	62.3
Dec-18	62.3	62.4
Jan-19	62.3	62.5
Feb-19	62.3	62.3
Mar-19	62.4	62.3
Apr-19	62.5	62.5
May-19	62.6	62.5
Jun-19	62.6	62.5
Jul-19	62.7	62.6
Aug-19	62.7	62.7
Sep-19	62.6	62.7
Oct-19	62.6	62.5
Nov-19	62.6	62.5
Dec-19	62.6	62.6
Jan-20	62.5	62.6
Feb-20	62.5	62.5
Mar-20	62.4	62.4
Apr-20		59.6
May-20		58.1
Jun-20		59.3
Jul-20		59.8
Aug-20		60.6
Sep-20		60.4
Oct-20		61.2
Nov-20		61.5
Dec-20		61.7
Jan-21		61.9
Feb-21		62.2
Mar-21		62.5
Apr-21		62.4
May-21		62.8
Jun-21		62.9
Jul-21		62.9
Aug-21		62.3
Sep-21		61.7
Oct-21		61.4
Nov-21		63.0
Dec-21		63.4
Jan-22		63.6
Feb-22		63.8
Mar-22		63.8
Apr-22	64.1	63.9
May-22	64.2	64.0
Jun-22	64.3	64.4
Jul-22	64.3	64.2
Aug-22	64.4	64.4
Sep-22	64.4	64.3
Oct-22	64.4	64.4
Nov-22	64.4	64.5
Dec-22	64.4	64.3
Jan-23	64.4	64.2
Feb-23	64.4	64.3
Mar-23	64.4	64.5
Apr-23	64.4	64.3
May-23	64.4	64.5

Employment-to-population ratio

["","Trend","Seasonally adjusted"]

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[]

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Large month-to-month changes occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in multiple trend breaks. The ABS recommends caution when using trend estimates published in spreadsheets in this release for this period. Information on trend breaks can be found in Labour Force, Australia methodology, May 2023.

Employment-to-population ratio, Seasonally adjusted
	People (%)	Males (%)	Females (%)
May-13	61.4	67.5	55.4
Jun-13	61.4	67.5	55.4
Jul-13	61.2	67.2	55.4
Aug-13	61.1	67.1	55.3
Sep-13	61.1	67.1	55.4
Oct-13	61.1	67.0	55.3
Nov-13	60.9	66.8	55.1
Dec-13	60.6	66.6	54.9
Jan-14	60.7	66.7	55.0
Feb-14	60.8	66.6	55.1
Mar-14	60.9	66.9	55.2
Apr-14	60.9	66.9	55.1
May-14	60.7	66.6	55.1
Jun-14	60.8	66.6	55.1
Jul-14	60.8	66.6	55.1
Aug-14	60.7	66.6	55.0
Sep-14	60.6	66.5	55.0
Oct-14	60.5	66.4	54.8
Nov-14	60.5	66.6	54.6
Dec-14	60.7	66.6	55.0
Jan-15	60.7	66.5	54.9
Feb-15	60.9	66.8	55.2
Mar-15	60.9	66.9	55.1
Apr-15	60.8	66.7	55.2
May-15	61.0	66.8	55.4
Jun-15	60.9	66.6	55.4
Jul-15	61.0	66.8	55.4
Aug-15	61.0	66.6	55.6
Sep-15	61.0	66.6	55.6
Oct-15	61.3	66.9	55.9
Nov-15	61.4	66.9	56.1
Dec-15	61.4	66.9	56.0
Jan-16	61.3	67.0	55.8
Feb-16	61.3	66.8	56.0
Mar-16	61.3	66.8	56.0
Apr-16	61.2	66.6	56.1
May-16	61.1	66.6	55.8
Jun-16	61.2	66.6	56.0
Jul-16	61.3	66.7	56.0
Aug-16	61.0	66.5	55.8
Sep-16	60.9	66.2	55.8
Oct-16	60.9	66.4	55.7
Nov-16	61.0	66.3	55.8
Dec-16	61.0	66.4	55.8
Jan-17	61.0	66.3	55.9
Feb-17	60.9	66.3	55.7
Mar-17	61.1	66.4	56.0
Apr-17	61.3	66.9	55.9
May-17	61.3	66.7	56.2
Jun-17	61.5	66.7	56.4
Jul-17	61.5	66.9	56.3
Aug-17	61.7	66.9	56.7
Sep-17	61.8	67.0	56.8
Oct-17	61.8	66.9	56.8
Nov-17	62.0	67.1	57.0
Dec-17	62.1	67.1	57.3
Jan-18	62.2	67.4	57.2
Feb-18	62.0	67.1	57.1
Mar-18	62.0	66.9	57.2
Apr-18	62.0	67.0	57.2
May-18	61.9	66.9	57.0
Jun-18	62.2	67.1	57.4
Jul-18	62.1	67.2	57.1
Aug-18	62.2	67.4	57.2
Sep-18	62.2	67.4	57.2
Oct-18	62.3	67.3	57.4
Nov-18	62.3	67.4	57.4
Dec-18	62.4	67.4	57.4
Jan-19	62.5	67.5	57.5
Feb-19	62.3	67.2	57.5
Mar-19	62.3	67.3	57.5
Apr-19	62.5	67.3	57.8
May-19	62.5	67.7	57.5
Jun-19	62.5	67.7	57.6
Jul-19	62.6	67.7	57.6
Aug-19	62.7	67.6	58.0
Sep-19	62.7	67.5	58.2
Oct-19	62.5	67.1	58.0
Nov-19	62.5	67.2	58.0
Dec-19	62.6	67.2	58.2
Jan-20	62.6	67.0	58.3
Feb-20	62.5	67.0	58.1
Mar-20	62.4	67.0	58.0
Apr-20	59.6	64.3	55.0
May-20	58.1	63.1	53.4
Jun-20	59.3	64.0	54.7
Jul-20	59.8	64.6	55.2
Aug-20	60.6	65.1	56.2
Sep-20	60.4	64.9	56.2
Oct-20	61.2	65.9	56.6
Nov-20	61.5	66.3	56.9
Dec-20	61.7	66.2	57.4
Jan-21	61.9	66.6	57.3
Feb-21	62.2	66.6	57.9
Mar-21	62.5	66.7	58.4
Apr-21	62.4	66.8	58.1
May-21	62.8	67.1	58.6
Jun-21	62.9	67.4	58.5
Jul-21	62.9	67.6	58.4
Aug-21	62.3	66.9	57.8
Sep-21	61.7	66.4	57.2
Oct-21	61.4	66.1	56.8
Nov-21	63.0	67.5	58.8
Dec-21	63.4	67.9	59.1
Jan-22	63.6	67.6	59.7
Feb-22	63.8	67.8	59.9
Mar-22	63.8	67.9	59.8
Apr-22	63.9	68.0	59.9
May-22	64.0	68.4	59.8
Jun-22	64.4	68.7	60.3
Jul-22	64.2	68.6	60.0
Aug-22	64.4	68.7	60.2
Sep-22	64.3	68.7	60.1
Oct-22	64.4	68.8	60.1
Nov-22	64.5	68.8	60.3
Dec-22	64.3	68.6	60.2
Jan-23	64.2	68.6	60.0
Feb-23	64.3	68.7	60.1
Mar-23	64.5	68.6	60.5
Apr-23	64.3	68.3	60.4
May-23	64.5	68.6	60.5

Employment-to-population ratio, Seasonally adjusted

["","People","Males","Females"]

[["May-13","Jun-13","Jul-13","Aug-13","Sep-13","Oct-13","Nov-13","Dec-13","Jan-14","Feb-14","Mar-14","Apr-14","May-14","Jun-14","Jul-14","Aug-14","Sep-14","Oct-14","Nov-14","Dec-14","Jan-15","Feb-15","Mar-15","Apr-15","May-15","Jun-15","Jul-15","Aug-15","Sep-15","Oct-15","Nov-15","Dec-15","Jan-16","Feb-16","Mar-16","Apr-16","May-16","Jun-16","Jul-16","Aug-16","Sep-16","Oct-16","Nov-16","Dec-16","Jan-17","Feb-17","Mar-17","Apr-17","May-17","Jun-17","Jul-17","Aug-17","Sep-17","Oct-17","Nov-17","Dec-17","Jan-18","Feb-18","Mar-18","Apr-18","May-18","Jun-18","Jul-18","Aug-18","Sep-18","Oct-18","Nov-18","Dec-18","Jan-19","Feb-19","Mar-19","Apr-19","May-19","Jun-19","Jul-19","Aug-19","Sep-19","Oct-19","Nov-19","Dec-19","Jan-20","Feb-20","Mar-20","Apr-20","May-20","Jun-20","Jul-20","Aug-20","Sep-20","Oct-20","Nov-20","Dec-20","Jan-21","Feb-21","Mar-21","Apr-21","May-21","Jun-21","Jul-21","Aug-21","Sep-21","Oct-21","Nov-21","Dec-21","Jan-22","Feb-22","Mar-22","Apr-22","May-22","Jun-22","Jul-22","Aug-22","Sep-22","Oct-22","Nov-22","Dec-22","Jan-23","Feb-23","Mar-23","Apr-23","May-23"],[[61.4],[61.4],[61.2],[61.1],[61.1],[61.1],[60.9],[60.6],[60.7],[60.8],[60.9],[60.9],[60.7],[60.8],[60.8],[60.7],[60.6],[60.5],[60.5],[60.7],[60.7],[60.9],[60.9],[60.8],[61],[60.9],[61],[61],[61],[61.3],[61.4],[61.4],[61.3],[61.3],[61.3],[61.2],[61.1],[61.2],[61.3],[61],[60.9],[60.9],[61],[61],[61],[60.9],[61.1],[61.3],[61.3],[61.5],[61.5],[61.7],[61.8],[61.8],[62],[62.1],[62.2],[62],[62],[62],[61.9],[62.2],[62.1],[62.2],[62.2],[62.3],[62.3],[62.4],[62.5],[62.3],[62.3],[62.5],[62.5],[62.5],[62.6],[62.7],[62.7],[62.5],[62.5],[62.6],[62.6],[62.5],[62.4],[59.6],[58.1],[59.3],[59.8],[60.6],[60.4],[61.2],[61.5],[61.7],[61.9],[62.2],[62.5],[62.4],[62.8],[62.9],[62.9],[62.3],[61.7],[61.4],[63],[63.4],[63.6],[63.8],[63.8],[63.9],[64],[64.4],[64.2],[64.4],[64.3],[64.4],[64.5],[64.3],[64.2],[64.3],[64.5],[64.3],[64.5]],[[67.5],[67.5],[67.2],[67.1],[67.1],[67],[66.8],[66.6],[66.7],[66.6],[66.9],[66.9],[66.6],[66.6],[66.6],[66.6],[66.5],[66.4],[66.6],[66.6],[66.5],[66.8],[66.9],[66.7],[66.8],[66.6],[66.8],[66.6],[66.6],[66.9],[66.9],[66.9],[67],[66.8],[66.8],[66.6],[66.6],[66.6],[66.7],[66.5],[66.2],[66.4],[66.3],[66.4],[66.3],[66.3],[66.4],[66.9],[66.7],[66.7],[66.9],[66.9],[67],[66.9],[67.1],[67.1],[67.4],[67.1],[66.9],[67],[66.9],[67.1],[67.2],[67.4],[67.4],[67.3],[67.4],[67.4],[67.5],[67.2],[67.3],[67.3],[67.7],[67.7],[67.7],[67.6],[67.5],[67.1],[67.2],[67.2],[67],[67],[67],[64.3],[63.1],[64],[64.6],[65.1],[64.9],[65.9],[66.3],[66.2],[66.6],[66.6],[66.7],[66.8],[67.1],[67.4],[67.6],[66.9],[66.4],[66.1],[67.5],[67.9],[67.6],[67.8],[67.9],[68],[68.4],[68.7],[68.6],[68.7],[68.7],[68.8],[68.8],[68.6],[68.6],[68.7],[68.6],[68.3],[68.6]],[[55.4],[55.4],[55.4],[55.3],[55.4],[55.3],[55.1],[54.9],[55],[55.1],[55.2],[55.1],[55.1],[55.1],[55.1],[55],[55],[54.8],[54.6],[55],[54.9],[55.2],[55.1],[55.2],[55.4],[55.4],[55.4],[55.6],[55.6],[55.9],[56.1],[56],[55.8],[56],[56],[56.1],[55.8],[56],[56],[55.8],[55.8],[55.7],[55.8],[55.8],[55.9],[55.7],[56],[55.9],[56.2],[56.4],[56.3],[56.7],[56.8],[56.8],[57],[57.3],[57.2],[57.1],[57.2],[57.2],[57],[57.4],[57.1],[57.2],[57.2],[57.4],[57.4],[57.4],[57.5],[57.5],[57.5],[57.8],[57.5],[57.6],[57.6],[58],[58.2],[58],[58],[58.2],[58.3],[58.1],[58],[55],[53.4],[54.7],[55.2],[56.2],[56.2],[56.6],[56.9],[57.4],[57.3],[57.9],[58.4],[58.1],[58.6],[58.5],[58.4],[57.8],[57.2],[56.8],[58.8],[59.1],[59.7],[59.9],[59.8],[59.9],[59.8],[60.3],[60],[60.2],[60.1],[60.1],[60.3],[60.2],[60],[60.1],[60.5],[60.4],[60.5]]]

[]

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Hours worked

In trend terms, in May 2023, monthly hours worked in all jobs increased by 7.2 million hours (0.4%) to 1,944 million hours.

Monthly hours worked in all jobs
	Trend (m)	Seasonally adjusted (m)
May-13	1,607.3	1,606.6
Jun-13	1,609.8	1,605.5
Jul-13	1,611.2	1,615.7
Aug-13	1,611.0	1,620.2
Sep-13	1,609.6	1,608.1
Oct-13	1,607.9	1,606.0
Nov-13	1,606.6	1,604.9
Dec-13	1,605.8	1,605.8
Jan-14	1,606.1	1,593.3
Feb-14	1,607.3	1,607.1
Mar-14	1,609.3	1,614.3
Apr-14	1,611.8	1,606.6
May-14	1,614.2	1,612.5
Jun-14	1,616.0	1,619.1
Jul-14	1,616.6	1,616.9
Aug-14	1,616.2	1,617.0
Sep-14	1,615.3	1,612.6
Oct-14	1,615.0	1,613.5
Nov-14	1,616.3	1,613.5
Dec-14	1,619.7	1,601.9
Jan-15	1,624.4	1,628.0
Feb-15	1,629.1	1,628.6
Mar-15	1,632.7	1,637.0
Apr-15	1,635.0	1,636.7
May-15	1,636.4	1,637.2
Jun-15	1,637.9	1,634.6
Jul-15	1,640.1	1,640.8
Aug-15	1,643.2	1,638.1
Sep-15	1,646.9	1,649.2
Oct-15	1,651.0	1,655.6
Nov-15	1,654.5	1,653.2
Dec-15	1,656.9	1,651.4
Jan-16	1,658.0	1,662.1
Feb-16	1,658.0	1,663.3
Mar-16	1,657.6	1,655.6
Apr-16	1,657.1	1,633.1
May-16	1,657.0	1,664.2
Jun-16	1,657.3	1,657.6
Jul-16	1,658.4	1,661.8
Aug-16	1,660.4	1,664.0
Sep-16	1,662.6	1,659.8
Oct-16	1,665.1	1,664.3
Nov-16	1,667.7	1,665.7
Dec-16	1,670.2	1,673.8
Jan-17	1,672.9	1,702.1
Feb-17	1,676.1	1,662.4
Mar-17	1,680.0	1,679.2
Apr-17	1,684.7	1,667.7
May-17	1,690.0	1,712.7
Jun-17	1,695.7	1,708.3
Jul-17	1,701.5	1,699.1
Aug-17	1,707.1	1,704.0
Sep-17	1,712.2	1,711.7
Oct-17	1,716.4	1,715.4
Nov-17	1,719.9	1,727.4
Dec-17	1,722.5	1,720.6
Jan-18	1,724.5	1,710.8
Feb-18	1,726.4	1,722.6
Mar-18	1,728.9	1,726.2
Apr-18	1,732.0	1,744.0
May-18	1,735.7	1,731.5
Jun-18	1,739.6	1,743.0
Jul-18	1,743.1	1,743.6
Aug-18	1,746.0	1,743.8
Sep-18	1,748.1	1,747.5
Oct-18	1,749.9	1,755.6
Nov-18	1,752.4	1,751.5
Dec-18	1,755.8	1,748.6
Jan-19	1,759.9	1,759.0
Feb-19	1,764.0	1,764.2
Mar-19	1,767.4	1,777.7
Apr-19	1,770.1	1,772.8
May-19	1,771.8	1,766.6
Jun-19	1,772.8	1,769.7
Jul-19	1,773.7	1,773.6
Aug-19	1,775.0	1,778.0
Sep-19	1,776.5	1,780.1
Oct-19	1,777.6	1,774.4
Nov-19	1,777.4	1,775.1
Dec-19	1,775.7	1,783.9
Jan-20	1,772.7	1,774.1
Feb-20	1,769.6	1,771.7
Mar-20	1,768.4	1,766.9
Apr-20		1,588.9
May-20		1,604.3
Jun-20		1,666.0
Jul-20		1,685.7
Aug-20		1,690.2
Sep-20		1,689.3
Oct-20		1,724.5
Nov-20		1,752.0
Dec-20		1,750.8
Jan-21		1,673.9
Feb-21		1,764.3
Mar-21		1,805.2
Apr-21		1,779.7
May-21		1,810.4
Jun-21		1,782.0
Jul-21		1,782.5
Aug-21		1,710.1
Sep-21		1,729.1
Oct-21		1,728.4
Nov-21		1,804.2
Dec-21		1,825.5
Jan-22		1,685.2
Feb-22		1,823.6
Mar-22		1,818.6
Apr-22	1,839.1	1,838.0
May-22	1,845.0	1,855.2
Jun-22	1,851.9	1,856.9
Jul-22	1,859.4	1,855.1
Aug-22	1,866.9	1,868.8
Sep-22	1,874.4	1,869.6
Oct-22	1,882.4	1,913.1
Nov-22	1,891.1	1,906.9
Dec-22	1,900.5	1,890.5
Jan-23	1,910.2	1,851.4
Feb-23	1,919.5	1,922.7
Mar-23	1,928.3	1,926.7
Apr-23	1,936.6	1,979.6
May-23	1,943.8	1,943.5

Monthly hours worked in all jobs

["","Trend","Seasonally adjusted"]

[["May-13","Jun-13","Jul-13","Aug-13","Sep-13","Oct-13","Nov-13","Dec-13","Jan-14","Feb-14","Mar-14","Apr-14","May-14","Jun-14","Jul-14","Aug-14","Sep-14","Oct-14","Nov-14","Dec-14","Jan-15","Feb-15","Mar-15","Apr-15","May-15","Jun-15","Jul-15","Aug-15","Sep-15","Oct-15","Nov-15","Dec-15","Jan-16","Feb-16","Mar-16","Apr-16","May-16","Jun-16","Jul-16","Aug-16","Sep-16","Oct-16","Nov-16","Dec-16","Jan-17","Feb-17","Mar-17","Apr-17","May-17","Jun-17","Jul-17","Aug-17","Sep-17","Oct-17","Nov-17","Dec-17","Jan-18","Feb-18","Mar-18","Apr-18","May-18","Jun-18","Jul-18","Aug-18","Sep-18","Oct-18","Nov-18","Dec-18","Jan-19","Feb-19","Mar-19","Apr-19","May-19","Jun-19","Jul-19","Aug-19","Sep-19","Oct-19","Nov-19","Dec-19","Jan-20","Feb-20","Mar-20","Apr-20","May-20","Jun-20","Jul-20","Aug-20","Sep-20","Oct-20","Nov-20","Dec-20","Jan-21","Feb-21","Mar-21","Apr-21","May-21","Jun-21","Jul-21","Aug-21","Sep-21","Oct-21","Nov-21","Dec-21","Jan-22","Feb-22","Mar-22","Apr-22","May-22","Jun-22","Jul-22","Aug-22","Sep-22","Oct-22","Nov-22","Dec-22","Jan-23","Feb-23","Mar-23","Apr-23","May-23"],[[1607.3],[1609.8],[1611.2],[1611],[1609.6],[1607.9],[1606.6],[1605.8],[1606.1],[1607.3],[1609.3],[1611.8],[1614.2],[1616],[1616.6],[1616.2],[1615.3],[1615],[1616.3],[1619.7],[1624.4],[1629.1],[1632.7],[1635],[1636.4],[1637.9],[1640.1],[1643.2],[1646.9],[1651],[1654.5],[1656.9],[1658],[1658],[1657.6],[1657.1],[1657],[1657.3],[1658.4],[1660.4],[1662.6],[1665.1],[1667.7],[1670.2],[1672.9],[1676.1],[1680],[1684.7],[1690],[1695.7],[1701.5],[1707.1],[1712.2],[1716.4],[1719.9],[1722.5],[1724.5],[1726.4],[1728.9],[1732],[1735.7],[1739.6],[1743.1],[1746],[1748.1],[1749.9],[1752.4],[1755.8],[1759.9],[1764],[1767.4],[1770.1],[1771.8],[1772.8],[1773.7],[1775],[1776.5],[1777.6],[1777.4],[1775.7],[1772.7],[1769.6],[1768.4],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[1839.1],[1845],[1851.9],[1859.4],[1866.9],[1874.4],[1882.4],[1891.1],[1900.5],[1910.2],[1919.5],[1928.3],[1936.6],[1943.8]],[[1606.6],[1605.5],[1615.7],[1620.2],[1608.1],[1606],[1604.9],[1605.8],[1593.3],[1607.1],[1614.3],[1606.6],[1612.5],[1619.1],[1616.9],[1617],[1612.6],[1613.5],[1613.5],[1601.9],[1628],[1628.6],[1637],[1636.7],[1637.2],[1634.6],[1640.8],[1638.1],[1649.2],[1655.6],[1653.2],[1651.4],[1662.1],[1663.3],[1655.6],[1633.1],[1664.2],[1657.6],[1661.8],[1664],[1659.8],[1664.3],[1665.7],[1673.8],[1702.1],[1662.4],[1679.2],[1667.7],[1712.7],[1708.3],[1699.1],[1704],[1711.7],[1715.4],[1727.4],[1720.6],[1710.8],[1722.6],[1726.2],[1744],[1731.5],[1743],[1743.6],[1743.8],[1747.5],[1755.6],[1751.5],[1748.6],[1759],[1764.2],[1777.7],[1772.8],[1766.6],[1769.7],[1773.6],[1778],[1780.1],[1774.4],[1775.1],[1783.9],[1774.1],[1771.7],[1766.9],[1588.9],[1604.3],[1666],[1685.7],[1690.2],[1689.3],[1724.5],[1752],[1750.8],[1673.9],[1764.3],[1805.2],[1779.7],[1810.4],[1782],[1782.5],[1710.1],[1729.1],[1728.4],[1804.2],[1825.5],[1685.2],[1823.6],[1818.6],[1838],[1855.2],[1856.9],[1855.1],[1868.8],[1869.6],[1913.1],[1906.9],[1890.5],[1851.4],[1922.7],[1926.7],[1979.6],[1943.5]]]

[]

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[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"Millions","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"(m)","table_units":"(m)","axis_min":"1500","axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

Large month-to-month changes occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in multiple trend breaks. The ABS recommends caution when using trend estimates published in spreadsheets in this release for this period. Information on trend breaks can be found in Labour Force, Australia methodology, May 2023.

Monthly hours worked in all jobs, Seasonally adjusted
	Hours worked (m)	Yearly change (%)
May-13	1,607	0.0
Jun-13	1,605	1.7
Jul-13	1,616	1.7
Aug-13	1,620	2.0
Sep-13	1,608	0.6
Oct-13	1,606	1.1
Nov-13	1,605	0.2
Dec-13	1,606	0.1
Jan-14	1,593	-0.4
Feb-14	1,607	0.2
Mar-14	1,614	1.1
Apr-14	1,607	-0.4
May-14	1,613	0.4
Jun-14	1,619	0.8
Jul-14	1,617	0.1
Aug-14	1,617	-0.2
Sep-14	1,613	0.3
Oct-14	1,613	0.5
Nov-14	1,614	0.5
Dec-14	1,602	-0.2
Jan-15	1,628	2.2
Feb-15	1,629	1.3
Mar-15	1,637	1.4
Apr-15	1,637	1.9
May-15	1,637	1.5
Jun-15	1,635	1.0
Jul-15	1,641	1.5
Aug-15	1,638	1.3
Sep-15	1,649	2.3
Oct-15	1,656	2.6
Nov-15	1,653	2.5
Dec-15	1,651	3.1
Jan-16	1,662	2.1
Feb-16	1,663	2.1
Mar-16	1,656	1.1
Apr-16	1,633	-0.2
May-16	1,664	1.6
Jun-16	1,658	1.4
Jul-16	1,662	1.3
Aug-16	1,664	1.6
Sep-16	1,660	0.6
Oct-16	1,664	0.5
Nov-16	1,666	0.8
Dec-16	1,674	1.4
Jan-17	1,702	2.4
Feb-17	1,662	-0.1
Mar-17	1,679	1.4
Apr-17	1,668	2.1
May-17	1,713	2.9
Jun-17	1,708	3.1
Jul-17	1,699	2.2
Aug-17	1,704	2.4
Sep-17	1,712	3.1
Oct-17	1,715	3.1
Nov-17	1,727	3.7
Dec-17	1,721	2.8
Jan-18	1,711	0.5
Feb-18	1,723	3.6
Mar-18	1,726	2.8
Apr-18	1,744	4.6
May-18	1,731	1.1
Jun-18	1,743	2.0
Jul-18	1,744	2.6
Aug-18	1,744	2.3
Sep-18	1,748	2.1
Oct-18	1,756	2.3
Nov-18	1,751	1.4
Dec-18	1,749	1.6
Jan-19	1,759	2.8
Feb-19	1,764	2.4
Mar-19	1,778	3.0
Apr-19	1,773	1.7
May-19	1,767	2.0
Jun-19	1,770	1.5
Jul-19	1,774	1.7
Aug-19	1,778	2.0
Sep-19	1,780	1.9
Oct-19	1,774	1.1
Nov-19	1,775	1.4
Dec-19	1,784	2.0
Jan-20	1,774	0.9
Feb-20	1,772	0.4
Mar-20	1,767	-0.6
Apr-20	1,589	-10.4
May-20	1,604	-9.2
Jun-20	1,666	-5.9
Jul-20	1,686	-5.0
Aug-20	1,690	-4.9
Sep-20	1,689	-5.1
Oct-20	1,724	-2.8
Nov-20	1,752	-1.3
Dec-20	1,751	-1.9
Jan-21	1,674	-5.6
Feb-21	1,764	-0.4
Mar-21	1,805	2.2
Apr-21	1,780	12.0
May-21	1,810	12.9
Jun-21	1,782	7.0
Jul-21	1,782	5.7
Aug-21	1,710	1.2
Sep-21	1,729	2.4
Oct-21	1,728	0.2
Nov-21	1,804	3.0
Dec-21	1,826	4.3
Jan-22	1,685	0.7
Feb-22	1,824	3.4
Mar-22	1,819	0.7
Apr-22	1,838	3.3
May-22	1,855	2.5
Jun-22	1,857	4.2
Jul-22	1,855	4.1
Aug-22	1,869	9.3
Sep-22	1,870	8.1
Oct-22	1,913	10.7
Nov-22	1,907	5.7
Dec-22	1,891	3.6
Jan-23	1,851	9.9
Feb-23	1,923	5.4
Mar-23	1,927	5.9
Apr-23	1,980	7.7
May-23	1,944	4.8

Monthly hours worked in all jobs, Seasonally adjusted

["","Hours worked (m)","Yearly change (%)"]

[["May-13","Jun-13","Jul-13","Aug-13","Sep-13","Oct-13","Nov-13","Dec-13","Jan-14","Feb-14","Mar-14","Apr-14","May-14","Jun-14","Jul-14","Aug-14","Sep-14","Oct-14","Nov-14","Dec-14","Jan-15","Feb-15","Mar-15","Apr-15","May-15","Jun-15","Jul-15","Aug-15","Sep-15","Oct-15","Nov-15","Dec-15","Jan-16","Feb-16","Mar-16","Apr-16","May-16","Jun-16","Jul-16","Aug-16","Sep-16","Oct-16","Nov-16","Dec-16","Jan-17","Feb-17","Mar-17","Apr-17","May-17","Jun-17","Jul-17","Aug-17","Sep-17","Oct-17","Nov-17","Dec-17","Jan-18","Feb-18","Mar-18","Apr-18","May-18","Jun-18","Jul-18","Aug-18","Sep-18","Oct-18","Nov-18","Dec-18","Jan-19","Feb-19","Mar-19","Apr-19","May-19","Jun-19","Jul-19","Aug-19","Sep-19","Oct-19","Nov-19","Dec-19","Jan-20","Feb-20","Mar-20","Apr-20","May-20","Jun-20","Jul-20","Aug-20","Sep-20","Oct-20","Nov-20","Dec-20","Jan-21","Feb-21","Mar-21","Apr-21","May-21","Jun-21","Jul-21","Aug-21","Sep-21","Oct-21","Nov-21","Dec-21","Jan-22","Feb-22","Mar-22","Apr-22","May-22","Jun-22","Jul-22","Aug-22","Sep-22","Oct-22","Nov-22","Dec-22","Jan-23","Feb-23","Mar-23","Apr-23","May-23"],[[1607],[1605],[1616],[1620],[1608],[1606],[1605],[1606],[1593],[1607],[1614],[1607],[1613],[1619],[1617],[1617],[1613],[1613],[1614],[1602],[1628],[1629],[1637],[1637],[1637],[1635],[1641],[1638],[1649],[1656],[1653],[1651],[1662],[1663],[1656],[1633],[1664],[1658],[1662],[1664],[1660],[1664],[1666],[1674],[1702],[1662],[1679],[1668],[1713],[1708],[1699],[1704],[1712],[1715],[1727],[1721],[1711],[1723],[1726],[1744],[1731],[1743],[1744],[1744],[1748],[1756],[1751],[1749],[1759],[1764],[1778],[1773],[1767],[1770],[1774],[1778],[1780],[1774],[1775],[1784],[1774],[1772],[1767],[1589],[1604],[1666],[1686],[1690],[1689],[1724],[1752],[1751],[1674],[1764],[1805],[1780],[1810],[1782],[1782],[1710],[1729],[1728],[1804],[1826],[1685],[1824],[1819],[1838],[1855],[1857],[1855],[1869],[1870],[1913],[1907],[1891],[1851],[1923],[1927],[1980],[1944]],[[0],[1.7],[1.7],[2],[0.6],[1.1],[0.2],[0.1],[-0.4],[0.2],[1.1],[-0.4],[0.4],[0.8],[0.1],[-0.2],[0.3],[0.5],[0.5],[-0.2],[2.2],[1.3],[1.4],[1.9],[1.5],[1],[1.5],[1.3],[2.3],[2.6],[2.5],[3.1],[2.1],[2.1],[1.1],[-0.2],[1.6],[1.4],[1.3],[1.6],[0.6],[0.5],[0.8],[1.4],[2.4],[-0.1],[1.4],[2.1],[2.9],[3.1],[2.2],[2.4],[3.1],[3.1],[3.7],[2.8],[0.5],[3.6],[2.8],[4.6],[1.1],[2],[2.6],[2.3],[2.1],[2.3],[1.4],[1.6],[2.8],[2.4],[3],[1.7],[2],[1.5],[1.7],[2],[1.9],[1.1],[1.4],[2],[0.9],[0.4],[-0.6],[-10.4],[-9.2],[-5.9],[-5],[-4.9],[-5.1],[-2.8],[-1.3],[-1.9],[-5.6],[-0.4],[2.2],[12],[12.9],[7],[5.7],[1.2],[2.4],[0.2],[3],[4.3],[0.7],[3.4],[0.7],[3.3],[2.5],[4.2],[4.1],[9.3],[8.1],[10.7],[5.7],[3.6],[9.9],[5.4],[5.9],[7.7],[4.8]]]

[]

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Participation

In trend terms, in May 2023, the participation rate:

remained at 66.8%.
remained at 71.2% for men and increased to 62.6% for women.

Participation rate
	Trend (%)	Seasonally adjusted (%)
May-13	65.1	65.0
Jun-13	65.0	65.1
Jul-13	65.0	64.9
Aug-13	64.9	64.9
Sep-13	64.8	64.8
Oct-13	64.7	64.8
Nov-13	64.7	64.6
Dec-13	64.6	64.5
Jan-14	64.6	64.6
Feb-14	64.5	64.6
Mar-14	64.6	64.7
Apr-14	64.6	64.7
May-14	64.6	64.6
Jun-14	64.7	64.7
Jul-14	64.7	64.8
Aug-14	64.7	64.7
Sep-14	64.7	64.7
Oct-14	64.7	64.7
Nov-14	64.7	64.5
Dec-14	64.7	64.6
Jan-15	64.8	64.8
Feb-15	64.8	64.9
Mar-15	64.8	64.9
Apr-15	64.8	64.8
May-15	64.9	64.8
Jun-15	64.9	64.8
Jul-15	64.9	65.1
Aug-15	65.0	64.9
Sep-15	65.1	65.0
Oct-15	65.1	65.2
Nov-15	65.2	65.2
Dec-15	65.2	65.1
Jan-16	65.1	65.3
Feb-16	65.1	65.0
Mar-16	65.0	64.9
Apr-16	65.0	64.9
May-16	64.9	64.8
Jun-16	64.9	64.9
Jul-16	64.8	65.0
Aug-16	64.8	64.7
Sep-16	64.7	64.5
Oct-16	64.7	64.6
Nov-16	64.7	64.7
Dec-16	64.7	64.8
Jan-17	64.7	64.7
Feb-17	64.7	64.7
Mar-17	64.8	64.9
Apr-17	64.9	64.9
May-17	65.0	64.9
Jun-17	65.1	65.1
Jul-17	65.2	65.2
Aug-17	65.3	65.3
Sep-17	65.4	65.4
Oct-17	65.4	65.3
Nov-17	65.5	65.5
Dec-17	65.6	65.8
Jan-18	65.6	65.8
Feb-18	65.6	65.7
Mar-18	65.6	65.6
Apr-18	65.5	65.6
May-18	65.5	65.4
Jun-18	65.5	65.7
Jul-18	65.6	65.5
Aug-18	65.6	65.7
Sep-18	65.6	65.5
Oct-18	65.6	65.5
Nov-18	65.6	65.7
Dec-18	65.6	65.7
Jan-19	65.6	65.8
Feb-19	65.7	65.5
Mar-19	65.8	65.7
Apr-19	65.9	65.9
May-19	66.0	66.0
Jun-19	66.1	66.0
Jul-19	66.2	66.1
Aug-19	66.2	66.2
Sep-19	66.1	66.2
Oct-19	66.1	66.0
Nov-19	66.0	65.9
Dec-19	66.0	65.9
Jan-20	65.9	66.1
Feb-20	65.9	65.9
Mar-20	65.9	65.8
Apr-20		63.6
May-20		62.5
Jun-20		64.0
Jul-20		64.7
Aug-20		65.0
Sep-20		64.9
Oct-20		65.7
Nov-20		66.0
Dec-20		66.1
Jan-21		66.1
Feb-21		66.0
Mar-21		66.2
Apr-21		66.0
May-21		66.1
Jun-21		66.2
Jul-21		66.0
Aug-21		65.2
Sep-21		64.7
Oct-21		64.8
Nov-21		66.1
Dec-21		66.2
Jan-22		66.3
Feb-22		66.5
Mar-22		66.4
Apr-22	66.6	66.5
May-22	66.7	66.7
Jun-22	66.7	66.8
Jul-22	66.7	66.5
Aug-22	66.7	66.7
Sep-22	66.7	66.7
Oct-22	66.7	66.6
Nov-22	66.7	66.8
Dec-22	66.7	66.7
Jan-23	66.7	66.7
Feb-23	66.7	66.7
Mar-23	66.8	66.8
Apr-23	66.8	66.7
May-23	66.8	66.9

Participation rate

["","Trend","Seasonally adjusted"]

[["May-13","Jun-13","Jul-13","Aug-13","Sep-13","Oct-13","Nov-13","Dec-13","Jan-14","Feb-14","Mar-14","Apr-14","May-14","Jun-14","Jul-14","Aug-14","Sep-14","Oct-14","Nov-14","Dec-14","Jan-15","Feb-15","Mar-15","Apr-15","May-15","Jun-15","Jul-15","Aug-15","Sep-15","Oct-15","Nov-15","Dec-15","Jan-16","Feb-16","Mar-16","Apr-16","May-16","Jun-16","Jul-16","Aug-16","Sep-16","Oct-16","Nov-16","Dec-16","Jan-17","Feb-17","Mar-17","Apr-17","May-17","Jun-17","Jul-17","Aug-17","Sep-17","Oct-17","Nov-17","Dec-17","Jan-18","Feb-18","Mar-18","Apr-18","May-18","Jun-18","Jul-18","Aug-18","Sep-18","Oct-18","Nov-18","Dec-18","Jan-19","Feb-19","Mar-19","Apr-19","May-19","Jun-19","Jul-19","Aug-19","Sep-19","Oct-19","Nov-19","Dec-19","Jan-20","Feb-20","Mar-20","Apr-20","May-20","Jun-20","Jul-20","Aug-20","Sep-20","Oct-20","Nov-20","Dec-20","Jan-21","Feb-21","Mar-21","Apr-21","May-21","Jun-21","Jul-21","Aug-21","Sep-21","Oct-21","Nov-21","Dec-21","Jan-22","Feb-22","Mar-22","Apr-22","May-22","Jun-22","Jul-22","Aug-22","Sep-22","Oct-22","Nov-22","Dec-22","Jan-23","Feb-23","Mar-23","Apr-23","May-23"],[[65.1],[65],[65],[64.9],[64.8],[64.7],[64.7],[64.6],[64.6],[64.5],[64.6],[64.6],[64.6],[64.7],[64.7],[64.7],[64.7],[64.7],[64.7],[64.7],[64.8],[64.8],[64.8],[64.8],[64.9],[64.9],[64.9],[65],[65.1],[65.1],[65.2],[65.2],[65.1],[65.1],[65],[65],[64.9],[64.9],[64.8],[64.8],[64.7],[64.7],[64.7],[64.7],[64.7],[64.7],[64.8],[64.9],[65],[65.1],[65.2],[65.3],[65.4],[65.4],[65.5],[65.6],[65.6],[65.6],[65.6],[65.5],[65.5],[65.5],[65.6],[65.6],[65.6],[65.6],[65.6],[65.6],[65.6],[65.7],[65.8],[65.9],[66],[66.1],[66.2],[66.2],[66.1],[66.1],[66],[66],[65.9],[65.9],[65.9],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[66.6],[66.7],[66.7],[66.7],[66.7],[66.7],[66.7],[66.7],[66.7],[66.7],[66.7],[66.8],[66.8],[66.8]],[[65],[65.1],[64.9],[64.9],[64.8],[64.8],[64.6],[64.5],[64.6],[64.6],[64.7],[64.7],[64.6],[64.7],[64.8],[64.7],[64.7],[64.7],[64.5],[64.6],[64.8],[64.9],[64.9],[64.8],[64.8],[64.8],[65.1],[64.9],[65],[65.2],[65.2],[65.1],[65.3],[65],[64.9],[64.9],[64.8],[64.9],[65],[64.7],[64.5],[64.6],[64.7],[64.8],[64.7],[64.7],[64.9],[64.9],[64.9],[65.1],[65.2],[65.3],[65.4],[65.3],[65.5],[65.8],[65.8],[65.7],[65.6],[65.6],[65.4],[65.7],[65.5],[65.7],[65.5],[65.5],[65.7],[65.7],[65.8],[65.5],[65.7],[65.9],[66],[66],[66.1],[66.2],[66.2],[66],[65.9],[65.9],[66.1],[65.9],[65.8],[63.6],[62.5],[64],[64.7],[65],[64.9],[65.7],[66],[66.1],[66.1],[66],[66.2],[66],[66.1],[66.2],[66],[65.2],[64.7],[64.8],[66.1],[66.2],[66.3],[66.5],[66.4],[66.5],[66.7],[66.8],[66.5],[66.7],[66.7],[66.6],[66.8],[66.7],[66.7],[66.7],[66.8],[66.7],[66.9]]]

[]

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Large month-to-month changes occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in multiple trend breaks. The ABS recommends caution when using trend estimates published in spreadsheets in this release for this period. Information on trend breaks can be found in Labour Force, Australia methodology, May 2023.

Participation rate, Seasonally adjusted
	People (%)	Males (%)	Females (%)
May-13	65.0	71.6	58.7
Jun-13	65.1	71.6	58.7
Jul-13	64.9	71.3	58.6
Aug-13	64.9	71.3	58.7
Sep-13	64.8	71.2	58.7
Oct-13	64.8	71.2	58.7
Nov-13	64.6	71.0	58.4
Dec-13	64.5	70.9	58.2
Jan-14	64.6	70.8	58.5
Feb-14	64.6	70.7	58.6
Mar-14	64.7	70.9	58.8
Apr-14	64.7	71.0	58.5
May-14	64.6	70.7	58.6
Jun-14	64.7	70.9	58.7
Jul-14	64.8	71.0	58.7
Aug-14	64.7	70.9	58.6
Sep-14	64.7	70.8	58.8
Oct-14	64.7	70.8	58.7
Nov-14	64.5	71.1	58.2
Dec-14	64.6	70.8	58.6
Jan-15	64.8	71.1	58.6
Feb-15	64.9	71.2	58.8
Mar-15	64.9	71.3	58.7
Apr-15	64.8	71.1	58.7
May-15	64.8	71.0	58.9
Jun-15	64.8	70.9	59.0
Jul-15	65.1	71.1	59.3
Aug-15	64.9	71.0	59.1
Sep-15	65.0	71.0	59.2
Oct-15	65.2	71.1	59.4
Nov-15	65.2	70.9	59.7
Dec-15	65.1	70.9	59.5
Jan-16	65.3	71.3	59.4
Feb-16	65.0	70.7	59.4
Mar-16	64.9	70.8	59.3
Apr-16	64.9	70.5	59.4
May-16	64.8	70.6	59.3
Jun-16	64.9	70.4	59.6
Jul-16	65.0	70.6	59.5
Aug-16	64.7	70.5	59.1
Sep-16	64.5	70.1	59.1
Oct-16	64.6	70.3	59.0
Nov-16	64.7	70.3	59.3
Dec-16	64.8	70.5	59.3
Jan-17	64.7	70.3	59.4
Feb-17	64.7	70.4	59.2
Mar-17	64.9	70.5	59.5
Apr-17	64.9	70.6	59.4
May-17	64.9	70.6	59.5
Jun-17	65.1	70.6	59.8
Jul-17	65.2	70.8	59.7
Aug-17	65.3	70.8	60.0
Sep-17	65.4	70.8	60.1
Oct-17	65.3	70.7	60.1
Nov-17	65.5	70.9	60.3
Dec-17	65.8	71.1	60.6
Jan-18	65.8	71.3	60.6
Feb-18	65.7	71.0	60.5
Mar-18	65.6	70.8	60.6
Apr-18	65.6	70.9	60.5
May-18	65.4	70.7	60.3
Jun-18	65.7	71.0	60.6
Jul-18	65.5	71.0	60.2
Aug-18	65.7	71.1	60.4
Sep-18	65.5	70.9	60.3
Oct-18	65.5	70.9	60.4
Nov-18	65.7	71.0	60.5
Dec-18	65.7	71.0	60.5
Jan-19	65.8	71.1	60.7
Feb-19	65.5	70.7	60.5
Mar-19	65.7	70.9	60.6
Apr-19	65.9	71.0	61.0
May-19	66.0	71.5	60.6
Jun-19	66.0	71.4	60.9
Jul-19	66.1	71.4	60.9
Aug-19	66.2	71.4	61.2
Sep-19	66.2	71.3	61.3
Oct-19	66.0	71.0	61.1
Nov-19	65.9	70.9	61.1
Dec-19	65.9	70.9	61.1
Jan-20	66.1	70.8	61.5
Feb-20	65.9	70.8	61.1
Mar-20	65.8	70.7	61.1
Apr-20	63.6	68.8	58.5
May-20	62.5	67.9	57.3
Jun-20	64.0	69.2	59.1
Jul-20	64.7	69.8	59.7
Aug-20	65.0	70.0	60.2
Sep-20	64.9	69.9	60.2
Oct-20	65.7	70.8	60.8
Nov-20	66.0	71.0	61.2
Dec-20	66.1	71.0	61.4
Jan-21	66.1	71.2	61.1
Feb-21	66.0	71.0	61.3
Mar-21	66.2	70.9	61.7
Apr-21	66.0	70.8	61.3
May-21	66.1	70.9	61.5
Jun-21	66.2	71.1	61.5
Jul-21	66.0	70.9	61.3
Aug-21	65.2	70.2	60.5
Sep-21	64.7	69.5	60.1
Oct-21	64.8	69.7	60.0
Nov-21	66.1	70.7	61.6
Dec-21	66.2	70.9	61.6
Jan-22	66.3	70.6	62.1
Feb-22	66.5	70.8	62.3
Mar-22	66.4	70.9	62.1
Apr-22	66.5	70.9	62.2
May-22	66.7	71.3	62.2
Jun-22	66.8	71.3	62.4
Jul-22	66.5	71.1	62.2
Aug-22	66.7	71.2	62.4
Sep-22	66.7	71.3	62.3
Oct-22	66.6	71.1	62.3
Nov-22	66.8	71.3	62.5
Dec-22	66.7	71.1	62.4
Jan-23	66.7	71.3	62.2
Feb-23	66.7	71.3	62.2
Mar-23	66.8	71.2	62.6
Apr-23	66.7	71.2	62.5
May-23	66.9	71.2	62.7

Participation rate, Seasonally adjusted

["","People","Males","Females"]

[["May-13","Jun-13","Jul-13","Aug-13","Sep-13","Oct-13","Nov-13","Dec-13","Jan-14","Feb-14","Mar-14","Apr-14","May-14","Jun-14","Jul-14","Aug-14","Sep-14","Oct-14","Nov-14","Dec-14","Jan-15","Feb-15","Mar-15","Apr-15","May-15","Jun-15","Jul-15","Aug-15","Sep-15","Oct-15","Nov-15","Dec-15","Jan-16","Feb-16","Mar-16","Apr-16","May-16","Jun-16","Jul-16","Aug-16","Sep-16","Oct-16","Nov-16","Dec-16","Jan-17","Feb-17","Mar-17","Apr-17","May-17","Jun-17","Jul-17","Aug-17","Sep-17","Oct-17","Nov-17","Dec-17","Jan-18","Feb-18","Mar-18","Apr-18","May-18","Jun-18","Jul-18","Aug-18","Sep-18","Oct-18","Nov-18","Dec-18","Jan-19","Feb-19","Mar-19","Apr-19","May-19","Jun-19","Jul-19","Aug-19","Sep-19","Oct-19","Nov-19","Dec-19","Jan-20","Feb-20","Mar-20","Apr-20","May-20","Jun-20","Jul-20","Aug-20","Sep-20","Oct-20","Nov-20","Dec-20","Jan-21","Feb-21","Mar-21","Apr-21","May-21","Jun-21","Jul-21","Aug-21","Sep-21","Oct-21","Nov-21","Dec-21","Jan-22","Feb-22","Mar-22","Apr-22","May-22","Jun-22","Jul-22","Aug-22","Sep-22","Oct-22","Nov-22","Dec-22","Jan-23","Feb-23","Mar-23","Apr-23","May-23"],[[65],[65.1],[64.9],[64.9],[64.8],[64.8],[64.6],[64.5],[64.6],[64.6],[64.7],[64.7],[64.6],[64.7],[64.8],[64.7],[64.7],[64.7],[64.5],[64.6],[64.8],[64.9],[64.9],[64.8],[64.8],[64.8],[65.1],[64.9],[65],[65.2],[65.2],[65.1],[65.3],[65],[64.9],[64.9],[64.8],[64.9],[65],[64.7],[64.5],[64.6],[64.7],[64.8],[64.7],[64.7],[64.9],[64.9],[64.9],[65.1],[65.2],[65.3],[65.4],[65.3],[65.5],[65.8],[65.8],[65.7],[65.6],[65.6],[65.4],[65.7],[65.5],[65.7],[65.5],[65.5],[65.7],[65.7],[65.8],[65.5],[65.7],[65.9],[66],[66],[66.1],[66.2],[66.2],[66],[65.9],[65.9],[66.1],[65.9],[65.8],[63.6],[62.5],[64],[64.7],[65],[64.9],[65.7],[66],[66.1],[66.1],[66],[66.2],[66],[66.1],[66.2],[66],[65.2],[64.7],[64.8],[66.1],[66.2],[66.3],[66.5],[66.4],[66.5],[66.7],[66.8],[66.5],[66.7],[66.7],[66.6],[66.8],[66.7],[66.7],[66.7],[66.8],[66.7],[66.9]],[[71.6],[71.6],[71.3],[71.3],[71.2],[71.2],[71],[70.9],[70.8],[70.7],[70.9],[71],[70.7],[70.9],[71],[70.9],[70.8],[70.8],[71.1],[70.8],[71.1],[71.2],[71.3],[71.1],[71],[70.9],[71.1],[71],[71],[71.1],[70.9],[70.9],[71.3],[70.7],[70.8],[70.5],[70.6],[70.4],[70.6],[70.5],[70.1],[70.3],[70.3],[70.5],[70.3],[70.4],[70.5],[70.6],[70.6],[70.6],[70.8],[70.8],[70.8],[70.7],[70.9],[71.1],[71.3],[71],[70.8],[70.9],[70.7],[71],[71],[71.1],[70.9],[70.9],[71],[71],[71.1],[70.7],[70.9],[71],[71.5],[71.4],[71.4],[71.4],[71.3],[71],[70.9],[70.9],[70.8],[70.8],[70.7],[68.8],[67.9],[69.2],[69.8],[70],[69.9],[70.8],[71],[71],[71.2],[71],[70.9],[70.8],[70.9],[71.1],[70.9],[70.2],[69.5],[69.7],[70.7],[70.9],[70.6],[70.8],[70.9],[70.9],[71.3],[71.3],[71.1],[71.2],[71.3],[71.1],[71.3],[71.1],[71.3],[71.3],[71.2],[71.2],[71.2]],[[58.7],[58.7],[58.6],[58.7],[58.7],[58.7],[58.4],[58.2],[58.5],[58.6],[58.8],[58.5],[58.6],[58.7],[58.7],[58.6],[58.8],[58.7],[58.2],[58.6],[58.6],[58.8],[58.7],[58.7],[58.9],[59],[59.3],[59.1],[59.2],[59.4],[59.7],[59.5],[59.4],[59.4],[59.3],[59.4],[59.3],[59.6],[59.5],[59.1],[59.1],[59],[59.3],[59.3],[59.4],[59.2],[59.5],[59.4],[59.5],[59.8],[59.7],[60],[60.1],[60.1],[60.3],[60.6],[60.6],[60.5],[60.6],[60.5],[60.3],[60.6],[60.2],[60.4],[60.3],[60.4],[60.5],[60.5],[60.7],[60.5],[60.6],[61],[60.6],[60.9],[60.9],[61.2],[61.3],[61.1],[61.1],[61.1],[61.5],[61.1],[61.1],[58.5],[57.3],[59.1],[59.7],[60.2],[60.2],[60.8],[61.2],[61.4],[61.1],[61.3],[61.7],[61.3],[61.5],[61.5],[61.3],[60.5],[60.1],[60],[61.6],[61.6],[62.1],[62.3],[62.1],[62.2],[62.2],[62.4],[62.2],[62.4],[62.3],[62.3],[62.5],[62.4],[62.2],[62.2],[62.6],[62.5],[62.7]]]

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Underemployment

In trend terms, in May 2023:

underemployment rate increased to 6.3%.
underutilisation rate remained at 9.8%.

Underemployment rate and underutilisation rate
	Underemployment rate - Trend (%)	Underemployment rate - Seasonally adjusted (%)	Underutilisation rate - Trend (%)	Underutilisation rate - Seasonally adjusted (%)
May-13	7.4	7.5	13.0	13.1
Jun-13	7.4	7.5	13.1	13.2
Jul-13	7.5	7.4	13.2	13.0
Aug-13	7.5	7.6	13.2	13.4
Sep-13	7.5	7.5	13.3	13.2
Oct-13	7.5	7.5	13.3	13.3
Nov-13	7.5	7.5	13.3	13.3
Dec-13	7.5	7.5	13.3	13.4
Jan-14	7.5	7.3	13.3	13.3
Feb-14	7.5	7.5	13.3	13.4
Mar-14	7.6	7.5	13.4	13.4
Apr-14	7.7	7.7	13.5	13.5
May-14	7.8	7.8	13.7	13.7
Jun-14	8.0	7.9	14.0	14.0
Jul-14	8.2	8.3	14.3	14.5
Aug-14	8.3	8.4	14.5	14.5
Sep-14	8.5	8.8	14.7	15.0
Oct-14	8.5	8.2	14.8	14.6
Nov-14	8.5	8.6	14.8	15.0
Dec-14	8.5	8.4	14.8	14.5
Jan-15	8.5	8.5	14.7	14.9
Feb-15	8.5	8.5	14.7	14.7
Mar-15	8.4	8.2	14.6	14.3
Apr-15	8.4	8.3	14.5	14.4
May-15	8.4	8.4	14.5	14.3
Jun-15	8.4	8.4	14.5	14.4
Jul-15	8.5	8.6	14.5	14.9
Aug-15	8.6	8.4	14.6	14.5
Sep-15	8.6	8.8	14.6	14.9
Oct-15	8.6	8.7	14.6	14.6
Nov-15	8.6	8.6	14.5	14.4
Dec-15	8.6	8.4	14.4	14.2
Jan-16	8.5	8.5	14.3	14.5
Feb-16	8.4	8.4	14.2	14.1
Mar-16	8.4	8.4	14.1	14.0
Apr-16	8.5	8.6	14.2	14.3
May-16	8.6	8.3	14.2	14.1
Jun-16	8.7	8.8	14.3	14.5
Jul-16	8.7	9.0	14.3	14.7
Aug-16	8.7	8.8	14.3	14.4
Sep-16	8.7	8.7	14.3	14.4
Oct-16	8.6	8.5	14.3	14.1
Nov-16	8.6	8.5	14.3	14.3
Dec-16	8.6	8.6	14.4	14.4
Jan-17	8.7	8.8	14.5	14.4
Feb-17	8.7	9.1	14.5	14.9
Mar-17	8.7	8.6	14.5	14.5
Apr-17	8.7	8.7	14.4	14.3
May-17	8.7	8.7	14.3	14.3
Jun-17	8.6	8.4	14.2	14.0
Jul-17	8.6	8.5	14.1	14.2
Aug-17	8.5	8.6	14.1	14.1
Sep-17	8.5	8.5	14.0	14.0
Oct-17	8.5	8.5	14.0	13.8
Nov-17	8.5	8.5	14.0	14.0
Dec-17	8.5	8.5	14.0	14.1
Jan-18	8.5	8.7	14.0	14.2
Feb-18	8.5	8.5	14.0	14.1
Mar-18	8.5	8.6	14.0	14.1
Apr-18	8.5	8.4	14.0	14.0
May-18	8.5	8.6	14.0	13.9
Jun-18	8.5	8.6	13.9	13.9
Jul-18	8.4	8.5	13.7	13.8
Aug-18	8.4	8.2	13.6	13.5
Sep-18	8.3	8.3	13.5	13.3
Oct-18	8.3	8.2	13.4	13.2
Nov-18	8.2	8.5	13.3	13.7
Dec-18	8.2	8.3	13.2	13.3
Jan-19	8.2	8.1	13.2	13.1
Feb-19	8.2	8.0	13.3	13.0
Mar-19	8.3	8.2	13.3	13.3
Apr-19	8.3	8.5	13.4	13.7
May-19	8.4	8.7	13.5	13.9
Jun-19	8.4	8.2	13.6	13.5
Jul-19	8.4	8.4	13.7	13.7
Aug-19	8.4	8.5	13.7	13.8
Sep-19	8.4	8.3	13.6	13.5
Oct-19	8.4	8.4	13.6	13.8
Nov-19	8.4	8.3	13.6	13.5
Dec-19	8.4	8.2	13.6	13.3
Jan-20	8.5	8.5	13.7	13.8
Feb-20	8.6	8.6	13.8	13.6
Mar-20	8.6	8.7	13.9	13.9
Apr-20		13.7		20.0
May-20		13.4		20.4
Jun-20		11.7		19.1
Jul-20		11.2		18.7
Aug-20		11.2		18.0
Sep-20		11.3		18.2
Oct-20		10.2		17.2
Nov-20		9.4		16.2
Dec-20		8.5		15.1
Jan-21		8.1		14.4
Feb-21		8.4		14.2
Mar-21		7.9		13.5
Apr-21		7.8		13.2
May-21		7.7		12.8
Jun-21		7.9		12.9
Jul-21		8.3		13.0
Aug-21		9.2		13.8
Sep-21		9.1		13.8
Oct-21		9.3		14.6
Nov-21		7.5		12.1
Dec-21		6.6		10.8
Jan-22		6.6		10.7
Feb-22		6.6		10.6
Mar-22		6.3		10.2
Apr-22	6.2	6.2	10.0	10.1
May-22	6.1	5.9	9.9	9.9
Jun-22	6.0	6.1	9.7	9.7
Jul-22	6.0	6.0	9.6	9.5
Aug-22	6.0	5.9	9.5	9.5
Sep-22	6.0	6.0	9.5	9.6
Oct-22	6.0	5.9	9.5	9.4
Nov-22	6.0	5.9	9.5	9.4
Dec-22	6.0	6.1	9.6	9.7
Jan-23	6.1	6.2	9.6	9.8
Feb-23	6.1	5.8	9.7	9.4
Mar-23	6.2	6.2	9.7	9.7
Apr-23	6.2	6.2	9.8	9.8
May-23	6.3	6.4	9.8	10.0

Underemployment rate and underutilisation rate

["","Underemployment rate - Trend","Underemployment rate - Seasonally adjusted","Underutilisation rate - Trend","Underutilisation rate - Seasonally adjusted"]

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Large month-to-month changes occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in multiple trend breaks. The ABS recommends caution when using trend estimates published in spreadsheets in this release for this period. A list of trend breaks can be found in Labour Force, Australia methodology, May 2023.

Underemployment rate, Seasonally adjusted
	People (%)	Males (%)	Females (%)
May-13	7.5	5.8	9.5
Jun-13	7.5	5.9	9.5
Jul-13	7.4	5.6	9.5
Aug-13	7.6	5.8	9.7
Sep-13	7.5	5.7	9.5
Oct-13	7.5	5.8	9.5
Nov-13	7.5	5.7	9.6
Dec-13	7.5	5.8	9.5
Jan-14	7.3	5.7	9.3
Feb-14	7.5	5.7	9.6
Mar-14	7.5	5.7	9.7
Apr-14	7.7	5.7	9.9
May-14	7.8	5.9	9.9
Jun-14	7.9	6.0	10.2
Jul-14	8.3	6.4	10.6
Aug-14	8.4	6.4	10.7
Sep-14	8.8	6.9	11.1
Oct-14	8.2	6.3	10.4
Nov-14	8.6	6.7	10.9
Dec-14	8.4	6.5	10.7
Jan-15	8.5	6.5	10.9
Feb-15	8.5	6.5	10.9
Mar-15	8.2	5.9	10.8
Apr-15	8.3	6.4	10.6
May-15	8.4	6.4	10.8
Jun-15	8.4	6.5	10.6
Jul-15	8.6	6.9	10.7
Aug-15	8.4	6.5	10.7
Sep-15	8.8	6.7	11.1
Oct-15	8.7	6.7	11.0
Nov-15	8.6	6.7	10.8
Dec-15	8.4	6.3	10.9
Jan-16	8.5	6.6	10.7
Feb-16	8.4	6.6	10.5
Mar-16	8.4	6.6	10.5
Apr-16	8.6	7.1	10.4
May-16	8.3	6.7	10.3
Jun-16	8.8	7.0	10.8
Jul-16	9.0	7.0	11.3
Aug-16	8.8	7.2	10.7
Sep-16	8.7	6.9	10.8
Oct-16	8.5	6.8	10.5
Nov-16	8.5	6.7	10.6
Dec-16	8.6	6.8	10.7
Jan-17	8.8	6.9	10.9
Feb-17	9.1	7.0	11.4
Mar-17	8.6	6.8	10.7
Apr-17	8.7	6.7	11.1
May-17	8.7	6.8	11.0
Jun-17	8.4	6.6	10.6
Jul-17	8.5	6.9	10.5
Aug-17	8.6	6.9	10.6
Sep-17	8.5	6.7	10.6
Oct-17	8.5	6.6	10.6
Nov-17	8.5	6.7	10.6
Dec-17	8.5	6.4	10.8
Jan-18	8.7	7.0	10.6
Feb-18	8.5	6.7	10.6
Mar-18	8.6	6.6	10.8
Apr-18	8.4	6.4	10.7
May-18	8.6	6.5	10.9
Jun-18	8.6	6.6	10.9
Jul-18	8.5	6.4	10.8
Aug-18	8.2	6.1	10.6
Sep-18	8.3	6.3	10.5
Oct-18	8.2	6.2	10.5
Nov-18	8.5	6.6	10.7
Dec-18	8.3	6.4	10.4
Jan-19	8.1	6.2	10.3
Feb-19	8.0	6.3	10.1
Mar-19	8.2	6.5	10.2
Apr-19	8.5	6.9	10.3
May-19	8.7	6.9	10.8
Jun-19	8.2	6.6	10.1
Jul-19	8.4	6.7	10.3
Aug-19	8.5	7.0	10.3
Sep-19	8.3	6.8	10.0
Oct-19	8.4	6.7	10.4
Nov-19	8.3	6.7	10.2
Dec-19	8.2	6.5	10.1
Jan-20	8.5	6.6	10.7
Feb-20	8.6	6.7	10.7
Mar-20	8.7	7.2	10.5
Apr-20	13.7	12.6	15.0
May-20	13.4	12.2	14.7
Jun-20	11.7	10.7	12.7
Jul-20	11.2	10.4	12.1
Aug-20	11.2	10.5	12.0
Sep-20	11.3	10.6	12.0
Oct-20	10.2	9.0	11.6
Nov-20	9.4	8.0	11.0
Dec-20	8.5	7.0	10.2
Jan-21	8.1	6.9	9.5
Feb-21	8.4	7.3	9.6
Mar-21	7.9	6.6	9.3
Apr-21	7.8	6.5	9.3
May-21	7.7	6.5	9.2
Jun-21	7.9	6.8	9.2
Jul-21	8.3	7.1	9.6
Aug-21	9.2	8.5	10.0
Sep-21	9.1	8.4	9.9
Oct-21	9.3	8.8	9.9
Nov-21	7.5	6.3	8.9
Dec-21	6.6	5.5	7.9
Jan-22	6.6	5.4	7.8
Feb-22	6.6	5.4	7.8
Mar-22	6.3	5.1	7.6
Apr-22	6.2	5.0	7.5
May-22	5.9	4.8	7.2
Jun-22	6.1	5.0	7.3
Jul-22	6.0	4.9	7.3
Aug-22	5.9	4.9	7.1
Sep-22	6.0	5.0	7.1
Oct-22	5.9	4.9	7.1
Nov-22	5.9	4.7	7.3
Dec-22	6.1	5.0	7.4
Jan-23	6.2	5.1	7.4
Feb-23	5.8	4.8	7.0
Mar-23	6.2	4.9	7.6
Apr-23	6.2	5.0	7.4
May-23	6.4	5.1	7.9

Underemployment rate, Seasonally adjusted

["","People","Males","Females"]

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States and Territories

May 2023 - Trend
	New South Wales	Victoria	Queensland	South Australia	Western Australia	Tasmania	Northern Territory	Australian Capital Territory	Australia
Employed people	4,346,800	3,620,500	2,837,700	954,400	1,541,200	291,200	144,300	266,800	14,003,400
Employed people - monthly change	0.2%	0.4%	0.4%	0.4%	0.1%	0.2%	0.6%	0.4%	0.3%
Employment to population ratio	63.9%	64.9%	63.9%	62.0%	66.5%	60.4%	73.6%	71.0%	64.4%
Employment to population ratio - monthly change	0.0 pts	0.1 pts	0.1 pts	0.1 pts	-0.1 pts	0.0 pts	0.3 pts	0.1 pts	0.0 pts
Unemployment rate	3.1%	3.7%	3.9%	3.9%	3.6%	4.0%	3.3%	2.9%	3.5%
Unemployment rate - monthly change	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	-0.1 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts
Underemployment rate	6.1%	5.9%	6.6%	7.2%	6.0%	7.4%	4.1%	5.2%	6.3%
Underemployment rate - monthly change	0.1 pts	-0.1 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	0.1 pts	-0.1 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts
Participation rate	66.0%	67.4%	66.5%	64.6%	69.0%	62.9%	76.2%	73.1%	66.8%
Participation rate - monthly change	0.0 pts	0.1 pts	0.1 pts	0.1 pts	-0.1 pts	0.0 pts	0.3 pts	0.1 pts	0.0 pts

May 2023 - Seasonally adjusted
	New South Wales	Victoria	Queensland	South Australia	Western Australia	Tasmania	Northern Territory	Australian Capital Territory	Australia
Employed people	4,356,800	3,627,800	2,851,200	956,500	1,539,300	290,900	142,000	267,800	14,011,800
Employed people - monthly change	0.7%	0.7%	1.0%	1.3%	-0.2%	-0.1%	-1.2%	2.9%	0.5%
Employment to population ratio	64.1%	65.1%	64.2%	62.2%	66.4%	60.4%	72.4%	71.3%	64.5%
Employment to population ratio - monthly change	0.3 pts	0.3 pts	0.4 pts	0.7 pts	-0.3 pts	-0.1 pts	-1.0 pts	1.9 pts	0.2 pts
Unemployment rate	3.0%	3.7%	3.9%	4.0%	3.7%	4.2%	3.1%	3.1%	3.6%
Unemployment rate - monthly change	-0.4 pts	-0.2 pts	0.1 pts	-0.3 pts	0.1 pts	0.3 pts	-0.2 pts	0.1 pts	-0.1 pts
Underemployment rate	6.2%	5.8%	6.8%	7.1%	6.4%	6.9%	4.7%	5.3%	6.4%
Underemployment rate - monthly change	0.5 pts	-0.1 pts	0.5 pts	-0.5 pts	0.7 pts	-0.6 pts	1.0 pts	0.6 pts	0.3 pts
Participation rate	66.1%	67.6%	66.8%	64.8%	68.9%	63.1%	74.7%	73.6%	66.9%
Participation rate - monthly change	0.0 pts	0.2 pts	0.5 pts	0.5 pts	-0.2 pts	0.1 pts	-1.2 pts	2.0 pts	0.1 pts

Historical charts

Historical charts for employed, unemployed, unemployment rate and participation rate from August 1966 to May 2023

Historical Labour Force estimates of employment, unemployment rate, and participation rate from the historical quarterly and monthly Labour Force Survey.

Prior to 1978 the historical Labour Force Survey was collected quarterly; the current Labour Force Survey is collected monthly. Please refer to the history of changes to see the differences between the historical and current Labour Force Survey.

Unemployment rate, Australia, August 1966 to May 2023, Seasonally adjusted
	Persons (%)	Males (%)	Females (%)
Aug-66	1.8	1.2	3.1
Sep-66	1.8	1.2	3.1
Oct-66	1.7	1.1	3.1
Nov-66	1.7	1.1	3.1
Dec-66	1.7	1.1	3.1
Jan-67	1.8	1.3	3.0
Feb-67	1.8	1.3	3.0
Mar-67	1.8	1.3	3.0
Apr-67	2.0	1.3	3.3
May-67	2.0	1.3	3.3
Jun-67	2.0	1.3	3.3
Jul-67	1.9	1.3	3.2
Aug-67	1.9	1.3	3.2
Sep-67	1.9	1.3	3.2
Oct-67	1.8	1.2	3.3
Nov-67	1.8	1.2	3.3
Dec-67	1.8	1.2	3.3
Jan-68	1.9	1.2	3.2
Feb-68	1.9	1.2	3.2
Mar-68	1.9	1.2	3.2
Apr-68	1.9	1.2	3.3
May-68	1.9	1.2	3.3
Jun-68	1.9	1.2	3.3
Jul-68	1.8	1.2	3.3
Aug-68	1.8	1.2	3.3
Sep-68	1.8	1.2	3.3
Oct-68	1.7	1.1	3.1
Nov-68	1.7	1.1	3.1
Dec-68	1.7	1.1	3.1
Jan-69	1.8	1.2	3.2
Feb-69	1.8	1.2	3.2
Mar-69	1.8	1.2	3.2
Apr-69	1.8	1.1	3.2
May-69	1.8	1.1	3.2
Jun-69	1.8	1.1	3.2
Jul-69	1.7	1.1	3.1
Aug-69	1.7	1.1	3.1
Sep-69	1.7	1.1	3.1
Oct-69	1.9	1.2	3.4
Nov-69	1.9	1.2	3.4
Dec-69	1.9	1.2	3.4
Jan-70	1.6	1.0	2.9
Feb-70	1.6	1.0	2.9
Mar-70	1.6	1.0	2.9
Apr-70	1.7	1.0	3.0
May-70	1.7	1.0	3.0
Jun-70	1.7	1.0	3.0
Jul-70	1.7	1.1	2.7
Aug-70	1.7	1.1	2.7
Sep-70	1.7	1.1	2.7
Oct-70	1.6	1.1	2.7
Nov-70	1.6	1.1	2.7
Dec-70	1.6	1.1	2.7
Jan-71	1.7	1.1	3.0
Feb-71	1.7	1.1	3.0
Mar-71	1.7	1.1	3.0
Apr-71	1.9	1.4	3.0
May-71	1.9	1.4	3.0
Jun-71	1.9	1.4	3.0
Jul-71	1.9	1.3	3.1
Aug-71	1.9	1.3	3.1
Sep-71	1.9	1.3	3.1
Oct-71	2.2	1.6	3.2
Nov-71	2.2	1.6	3.2
Dec-71	2.2	1.6	3.2
Jan-72	2.4	1.9	3.5
Feb-72	2.4	1.9	3.5
Mar-72	2.4	1.9	3.5
Apr-72	2.4	1.7	3.7
May-72	2.4	1.7	3.7
Jun-72	2.4	1.7	3.7
Jul-72	2.9	2.2	4.3
Aug-72	2.9	2.2	4.3
Sep-72	2.9	2.2	4.3
Oct-72	2.8	1.9	4.4
Nov-72	2.8	1.9	4.4
Dec-72	2.8	1.9	4.4
Jan-73	2.6	1.8	4.1
Feb-73	2.6	1.8	4.1
Mar-73	2.6	1.8	4.1
Apr-73	2.3	1.7	3.6
May-73	2.3	1.7	3.6
Jun-73	2.3	1.7	3.6
Jul-73	2.1	1.6	3.2
Aug-73	2.1	1.6	3.2
Sep-73	2.1	1.6	3.2
Oct-73	2.1	1.5	3.3
Nov-73	2.1	1.5	3.3
Dec-73	2.1	1.5	3.3
Jan-74	2.1	1.5	3.4
Feb-74	2.1	1.5	3.4
Mar-74	2.1	1.5	3.4
Apr-74	2.1	1.4	3.6
May-74	2.1	1.4	3.6
Jun-74	2.1	1.4	3.6
Jul-74	2.7	2.0	4.2
Aug-74	2.7	2.0	4.2
Sep-74	2.7	2.0	4.2
Oct-74	4.0	3.0	5.9
Nov-74	4.0	3.0	5.9
Dec-74	4.0	3.0	5.9
Jan-75	4.8	3.8	6.8
Feb-75	4.8	3.8	6.8
Mar-75	4.8	3.8	6.8
Apr-75	4.8	3.7	6.8
May-75	4.8	3.7	6.8
Jun-75	4.8	3.7	6.8
Jul-75	4.7	3.5	6.7
Aug-75	4.7	3.5	6.7
Sep-75	4.7	3.5	6.7
Oct-75	5.4	4.0	7.8
Nov-75	5.4	4.0	7.8
Dec-75	5.4	4.0	7.8
Jan-76	4.9	3.9	6.6
Feb-76	4.9	3.9	6.6
Mar-76	4.9	3.9	6.6
Apr-76	4.5	3.6	6.1
May-76	4.5	3.6	6.1
Jun-76	4.5	3.6	6.1
Jul-76	4.8	4.0	6.5
Aug-76	4.8	4.0	6.5
Sep-76	4.8	4.0	6.5
Oct-76	4.9	4.1	6.3
Nov-76	4.9	4.1	6.3
Dec-76	4.9	4.1	6.3
Jan-77	5.2	4.2	7.1
Feb-77	5.2	4.2	7.1
Mar-77	5.2	4.2	7.1
Apr-77	5.6	4.6	7.4
May-77	5.6	4.6	7.4
Jun-77	5.6	4.6	7.4
Jul-77	5.8	4.7	7.7
Aug-77	5.8	4.7	7.7
Sep-77	5.8	4.7	7.7
Oct-77	5.9	4.8	7.8
Nov-77	5.9	4.8	7.8
Dec-77	5.9	4.8	7.8
Jan-78	6.6	5.6	8.5
Feb-78	6.6	5.6	8.5
Mar-78	6.3	5.3	8.1
Apr-78	6.3	5.4	7.9
May-78	6.2	5.2	7.9
Jun-78	6.3	5.5	7.7
Jul-78	6.2	5.4	7.7
Aug-78	6.5	5.6	8.0
Sep-78	6.3	5.5	7.6
Oct-78	6.2	5.4	7.5
Nov-78	6.3	5.5	7.8
Dec-78	6.4	5.5	8.1
Jan-79	6.4	5.4	8.0
Feb-79	6.3	5.3	7.9
Mar-79	6.3	5.4	7.9
Apr-79	6.5	5.5	8.2
May-79	6.2	5.2	7.9
Jun-79	6.3	5.2	8.0
Jul-79	6.3	5.1	8.3
Aug-79	6.1	5.0	8.2
Sep-79	6.2	5.0	8.4
Oct-79	6.4	5.0	8.7
Nov-79	6.0	4.8	8.1
Dec-79	6.1	5.0	8.1
Jan-80	6.1	5.2	7.8
Feb-80	6.0	5.0	7.7
Mar-80	5.9	5.0	7.5
Apr-80	6.1	5.2	7.7
May-80	6.2	5.3	7.8
Jun-80	6.3	5.2	8.2
Jul-80	6.1	5.1	7.7
Aug-80	6.2	5.2	7.9
Sep-80	6.1	5.1	7.9
Oct-80	6.1	4.9	8.0
Nov-80	5.9	4.7	7.8
Dec-80	6.1	4.9	8.0
Jan-81	5.9	4.9	7.6
Feb-81	5.6	4.7	7.2
Mar-81	5.7	4.7	7.5
Apr-81	5.6	4.6	7.2
May-81	5.6	4.6	7.2
Jun-81	5.4	4.5	6.9
Jul-81	5.8	4.8	7.6
Aug-81	5.8	4.8	7.6
Sep-81	5.8	5.0	7.2
Oct-81	5.9	5.0	7.3
Nov-81	6.0	5.1	7.5
Dec-81	6.0	5.1	7.6
Jan-82	6.0	5.0	7.6
Feb-82	6.3	5.3	8.0
Mar-82	6.3	5.4	7.9
Apr-82	6.3	5.4	7.8
May-82	6.6	5.7	8.2
Jun-82	6.8	5.8	8.4
Jul-82	6.9	6.1	8.2
Aug-82	7.0	6.5	7.9
Sep-82	7.4	6.9	8.4
Oct-82	8.3	7.5	9.6
Nov-82	8.7	8.1	9.7
Dec-82	9.4	9.0	10.1
Jan-83	9.3	9.0	9.7
Feb-83	9.7	9.3	10.3
Mar-83	10.0	9.7	10.3
Apr-83	10.2	10.1	10.3
May-83	10.3	10.1	10.7
Jun-83	10.2	10.1	10.4
Jul-83	10.5	10.4	10.6
Aug-83	10.2	10.1	10.5
Sep-83	10.3	10.0	10.9
Oct-83	10.0	9.8	10.4
Nov-83	9.7	9.5	9.9
Dec-83	9.5	9.2	9.8
Jan-84	9.5	9.4	9.7
Feb-84	9.4	9.1	9.9
Mar-84	9.2	8.8	9.8
Apr-84	9.4	8.9	10.2
May-84	8.9	8.7	9.3
Jun-84	9.1	8.7	9.7
Jul-84	8.9	8.6	9.5
Aug-84	8.8	8.8	8.9
Sep-84	8.7	8.6	9.0
Oct-84	8.7	8.5	9.0
Nov-84	8.7	8.3	9.3
Dec-84	8.5	8.3	8.9
Jan-85	8.6	8.3	8.9
Feb-85	8.4	8.1	8.9
Mar-85	8.7	8.5	9.0
Apr-85	8.4	8.2	8.7
May-85	8.4	8.2	8.7
Jun-85	8.6	8.4	8.8
Jul-85	8.3	8.2	8.5
Aug-85	8.2	8.0	8.5
Sep-85	8.1	7.7	8.7
Oct-85	7.8	7.4	8.5
Nov-85	8.0	7.4	8.8
Dec-85	7.8	7.3	8.6
Jan-86	7.8	7.4	8.4
Feb-86	8.0	7.5	8.8
Mar-86	7.9	7.5	8.6
Apr-86	7.9	7.5	8.5
May-86	7.8	7.4	8.5
Jun-86	7.7	7.2	8.3
Jul-86	8.1	7.7	8.8
Aug-86	8.2	7.8	8.9
Sep-86	8.3	7.9	9.0
Oct-86	8.3	8.0	8.8
Nov-86	8.3	8.1	8.6
Dec-86	8.4	8.2	8.6
Jan-87	8.2	8.0	8.5
Feb-87	8.2	7.9	8.7
Mar-87	8.4	8.1	9.0
Apr-87	8.3	7.8	9.0
May-87	8.2	7.9	8.6
Jun-87	8.0	7.8	8.3
Jul-87	8.1	7.8	8.6
Aug-87	8.1	7.6	8.8
Sep-87	7.8	7.5	8.2
Oct-87	8.1	7.9	8.4
Nov-87	7.9	7.6	8.4
Dec-87	7.7	7.4	8.3
Jan-88	7.6	7.2	8.3
Feb-88	7.4	7.0	8.0
Mar-88	7.5	7.1	8.1
Apr-88	7.9	7.4	8.6
May-88	7.5	7.0	8.1
Jun-88	7.6	7.1	8.3
Jul-88	6.8	6.5	7.1
Aug-88	7.1	6.6	7.7
Sep-88	6.9	6.5	7.5
Oct-88	6.8	6.4	7.4
Nov-88	6.6	6.1	7.3
Dec-88	6.8	6.4	7.5
Jan-89	6.8	6.3	7.6
Feb-89	6.6	6.3	7.2
Mar-89	6.3	5.9	6.9
Apr-89	6.2	5.7	6.9
May-89	6.3	5.7	7.1
Jun-89	6.0	5.6	6.6
Jul-89	6.0	5.6	6.7
Aug-89	5.9	5.5	6.6
Sep-89	6.0	5.6	6.6
Oct-89	5.9	5.4	6.7
Nov-89	5.8	5.3	6.5
Dec-89	5.8	5.5	6.4
Jan-90	6.1	5.7	6.7
Feb-90	6.4	5.9	7.1
Mar-90	6.2	5.9	6.6
Apr-90	6.3	6.1	6.5
May-90	6.5	6.3	6.8
Jun-90	6.6	6.3	7.1
Jul-90	7.1	6.9	7.3
Aug-90	7.2	7.0	7.5
Sep-90	7.4	7.3	7.5
Oct-90	7.6	7.6	7.7
Nov-90	7.9	8.2	7.7
Dec-90	8.0	8.1	7.9
Jan-91	8.4	8.5	8.3
Feb-91	8.6	8.8	8.4
Mar-91	9.2	9.4	8.8
Apr-91	9.9	10.1	9.5
May-91	9.5	9.7	9.2
Jun-91	9.5	9.9	9.0
Jul-91	9.7	10.1	9.1
Aug-91	9.8	10.3	9.1
Sep-91	10.0	10.4	9.5
Oct-91	10.0	10.5	9.2
Nov-91	10.2	10.6	9.7
Dec-91	10.5	10.9	9.9
Jan-92	10.3	10.8	9.8
Feb-92	10.4	10.9	9.8
Mar-92	10.5	11.0	9.8
Apr-92	10.5	11.0	9.8
May-92	10.6	11.2	9.8
Jun-92	10.8	11.4	10.0
Jul-92	11.1	11.8	10.1
Aug-92	10.7	11.4	9.8
Sep-92	10.6	11.2	9.8
Oct-92	11.1	11.8	10.1
Nov-92	11.1	12.0	9.9
Dec-92	11.2	11.8	10.4
Jan-93	10.8	11.6	9.8
Feb-93	11.0	11.8	9.9
Mar-93	10.9	11.5	10.0
Apr-93	10.8	11.7	9.4
May-93	10.8	11.7	9.5
Jun-93	11.0	11.8	9.9
Jul-93	10.9	11.6	10.0
Aug-93	11.0	11.6	10.1
Sep-93	10.7	11.2	10.1
Oct-93	11.0	11.4	10.3
Nov-93	10.9	11.3	10.5
Dec-93	10.8	11.3	10.1
Jan-94	10.6	11.0	10.0
Feb-94	10.4	10.9	9.8
Mar-94	10.4	10.9	9.7
Apr-94	10.1	10.4	9.6
May-94	9.8	10.1	9.3
Jun-94	9.8	10.1	9.4
Jul-94	9.6	9.7	9.5
Aug-94	9.4	9.7	9.1
Sep-94	9.4	9.5	9.2
Oct-94	9.1	9.3	8.9
Nov-94	9.1	9.4	8.9
Dec-94	8.9	9.0	8.8
Jan-95	8.9	9.1	8.6
Feb-95	8.8	8.9	8.7
Mar-95	8.6	8.6	8.6
Apr-95	8.3	8.6	7.8
May-95	8.5	8.9	7.9
Jun-95	8.4	8.8	7.8
Jul-95	8.4	8.9	7.8
Aug-95	8.3	8.6	8.0
Sep-95	8.4	8.8	7.8
Oct-95	8.6	8.9	8.1
Nov-95	8.5	8.6	8.3
Dec-95	8.1	8.6	7.6
Jan-96	8.5	8.9	7.9
Feb-96	8.3	8.6	7.9
Mar-96	8.4	8.8	7.9
Apr-96	8.6	8.9	8.2
May-96	8.4	8.5	8.3
Jun-96	8.3	8.5	8.0
Jul-96	8.6	8.6	8.6
Aug-96	8.7	9.0	8.4
Sep-96	8.6	8.7	8.4
Oct-96	8.8	8.9	8.5
Nov-96	8.5	8.7	8.2
Dec-96	8.6	8.7	8.5
Jan-97	8.6	8.7	8.4
Feb-97	8.7	8.9	8.4
Mar-97	8.6	8.9	8.1
Apr-97	8.6	8.8	8.3
May-97	8.5	8.7	8.3
Jun-97	8.3	8.5	8.1
Jul-97	8.6	8.9	8.1
Aug-97	8.5	8.6	8.3
Sep-97	8.1	8.4	7.6
Oct-97	8.0	8.3	7.7
Nov-97	8.0	8.3	7.6
Dec-97	7.9	8.2	7.6
Jan-98	7.9	8.0	7.7
Feb-98	7.8	8.0	7.4
Mar-98	7.9	8.2	7.5
Apr-98	7.6	7.7	7.5
May-98	7.8	8.1	7.4
Jun-98	7.8	8.2	7.3
Jul-98	8.0	8.4	7.4
Aug-98	7.8	8.2	7.1
Sep-98	7.6	7.9	7.3
Oct-98	7.3	7.6	7.0
Nov-98	7.6	7.8	7.4
Dec-98	7.2	7.5	6.8
Jan-99	7.1	7.3	6.9
Feb-99	7.1	7.3	6.8
Mar-99	7.0	7.1	6.9
Apr-99	7.0	7.1	6.8
May-99	7.0	7.2	6.8
Jun-99	6.7	6.8	6.5
Jul-99	6.7	6.9	6.4
Aug-99	6.9	7.1	6.6
Sep-99	7.0	7.2	6.9
Oct-99	6.8	7.0	6.5
Nov-99	6.4	6.6	6.3
Dec-99	6.7	7.0	6.3
Jan-00	6.8	6.9	6.7
Feb-00	6.6	6.6	6.7
Mar-00	6.6	6.6	6.6
Apr-00	6.4	6.4	6.4
May-00	6.4	6.4	6.4
Jun-00	6.1	6.3	5.9
Jul-00	6.0	6.3	5.6
Aug-00	6.1	6.4	5.6
Sep-00	6.0	6.3	5.6
Oct-00	6.0	6.4	5.6
Nov-00	6.3	6.5	5.9
Dec-00	6.2	6.6	5.8
Jan-01	6.1	6.5	5.7
Feb-01	6.5	6.8	6.2
Mar-01	6.5	6.8	6.1
Apr-01	6.8	7.0	6.5
May-01	6.9	7.0	6.7
Jun-01	6.9	7.2	6.7
Jul-01	6.9	7.2	6.5
Aug-01	6.9	7.1	6.6
Sep-01	6.8	7.1	6.5
Oct-01	7.2	7.4	6.9
Nov-01	6.9	7.2	6.5
Dec-01	6.9	7.0	6.7
Jan-02	6.9	7.1	6.7
Feb-02	6.5	6.8	6.1
Mar-02	6.4	6.8	5.9
Apr-02	6.3	6.7	5.9
May-02	6.4	6.6	6.0
Jun-02	6.5	6.5	6.5
Jul-02	6.2	6.3	6.1
Aug-02	6.3	6.5	6.2
Sep-02	6.3	6.4	6.3
Oct-02	6.1	6.2	6.1
Nov-02	6.2	6.2	6.2
Dec-02	6.2	6.3	6.0
Jan-03	6.1	6.2	5.9
Feb-03	6.0	6.1	5.8
Mar-03	6.1	6.1	6.2
Apr-03	6.0	6.2	5.8
May-03	6.1	6.1	6.1
Jun-03	6.1	6.2	5.9
Jul-03	6.1	6.1	6.1
Aug-03	5.8	5.7	5.9
Sep-03	5.8	5.6	6.0
Oct-03	5.8	5.7	5.9
Nov-03	5.7	5.4	6.0
Dec-03	5.7	5.4	6.0
Jan-04	5.5	5.3	5.8
Feb-04	5.6	5.4	5.9
Mar-04	5.4	5.3	5.6
Apr-04	5.5	5.5	5.6
May-04	5.3	5.2	5.5
Jun-04	5.5	5.4	5.6
Jul-04	5.5	5.4	5.8
Aug-04	5.5	5.4	5.6
Sep-04	5.4	5.4	5.4
Oct-04	5.1	5.1	5.2
Nov-04	5.2	5.1	5.2
Dec-04	5.1	5.0	5.2
Jan-05	5.1	4.9	5.3
Feb-05	5.1	4.9	5.3
Mar-05	5.2	4.9	5.5
Apr-05	5.1	4.9	5.4
May-05	5.1	4.9	5.3
Jun-05	4.9	4.7	5.2
Jul-05	5.0	4.7	5.3
Aug-05	4.9	4.9	4.9
Sep-05	5.0	4.9	5.1
Oct-05	5.0	4.9	5.1
Nov-05	4.9	4.9	4.9
Dec-05	5.1	5.1	5.1
Jan-06	5.2	5.1	5.2
Feb-06	5.1	5.1	5.1
Mar-06	4.9	4.8	4.9
Apr-06	5.0	4.8	5.2
May-06	4.8	4.7	4.9
Jun-06	4.8	4.7	5.0
Jul-06	4.7	4.6	4.7
Aug-06	4.7	4.6	4.8
Sep-06	4.7	4.6	4.7
Oct-06	4.5	4.3	4.6
Nov-06	4.5	4.4	4.7
Dec-06	4.6	4.3	4.9
Jan-07	4.6	4.3	4.9
Feb-07	4.6	4.3	5.1
Mar-07	4.5	4.1	4.9
Apr-07	4.4	4.0	4.8
May-07	4.3	3.9	4.7
Jun-07	4.3	3.9	4.8
Jul-07	4.3	3.9	4.7
Aug-07	4.3	4.0	4.7
Sep-07	4.2	3.8	4.7
Oct-07	4.3	4.0	4.7
Nov-07	4.4	4.2	4.7
Dec-07	4.3	4.2	4.4
Jan-08	4.2	3.8	4.7
Feb-08	4.0	3.6	4.4
Mar-08	4.1	3.9	4.2
Apr-08	4.3	4.1	4.5
May-08	4.3	4.0	4.6
Jun-08	4.2	4.0	4.6
Jul-08	4.2	3.8	4.8
Aug-08	4.0	3.7	4.4
Sep-08	4.3	4.0	4.6
Oct-08	4.3	4.0	4.7
Nov-08	4.5	4.1	4.8
Dec-08	4.6	4.6	4.5
Jan-09	4.9	5.0	4.8
Feb-09	5.3	5.3	5.4
Mar-09	5.7	5.8	5.7
Apr-09	5.5	5.7	5.3
May-09	5.8	6.2	5.4
Jun-09	5.9	6.2	5.5
Jul-09	5.7	6.0	5.3
Aug-09	5.7	5.8	5.6
Sep-09	5.7	5.7	5.6
Oct-09	5.6	5.7	5.5
Nov-09	5.6	5.7	5.4
Dec-09	5.5	5.6	5.4
Jan-10	5.3	5.2	5.3
Feb-10	5.3	5.3	5.3
Mar-10	5.4	5.5	5.3
Apr-10	5.5	5.5	5.5
May-10	5.2	5.2	5.2
Jun-10	5.1	5.1	5.2
Jul-10	5.3	5.1	5.5
Aug-10	5.0	4.7	5.4
Sep-10	5.1	4.9	5.3
Oct-10	5.3	5.0	5.6
Nov-10	5.1	4.7	5.6
Dec-10	4.9	4.6	5.2
Jan-11	5.0	4.7	5.4
Feb-11	5.0	4.8	5.2
Mar-11	4.9	4.6	5.3
Apr-11	5.0	4.9	5.1
May-11	5.0	4.7	5.3
Jun-11	4.9	4.7	5.2
Jul-11	5.1	4.9	5.3
Aug-11	5.3	5.2	5.3
Sep-11	5.2	5.1	5.3
Oct-11	5.2	5.2	5.2
Nov-11	5.2	5.1	5.4
Dec-11	5.2	4.9	5.6
Jan-12	5.0	4.9	5.2
Feb-12	5.2	5.1	5.3
Mar-12	5.2	5.1	5.3
Apr-12	5.0	4.9	5.1
May-12	5.2	5.0	5.5
Jun-12	5.2	4.9	5.5
Jul-12	5.2	5.1	5.2
Aug-12	5.2	5.3	5.0
Sep-12	5.5	5.7	5.3
Oct-12	5.4	5.3	5.5
Nov-12	5.3	5.3	5.2
Dec-12	5.4	5.4	5.5
Jan-13	5.4	5.4	5.4
Feb-13	5.4	5.4	5.4
Mar-13	5.6	5.7	5.5
Apr-13	5.6	5.6	5.6
May-13	5.6	5.6	5.6
Jun-13	5.7	5.7	5.6
Jul-13	5.6	5.7	5.6
Aug-13	5.8	5.9	5.8
Sep-13	5.7	5.7	5.7
Oct-13	5.8	6.0	5.7
Nov-13	5.8	5.9	5.7
Dec-13	5.9	6.0	5.7
Jan-14	5.9	5.9	6.0
Feb-14	5.9	5.8	6.0
Mar-14	5.9	5.7	6.1
Apr-14	5.8	5.8	5.8
May-14	5.9	5.8	6.1
Jun-14	6.1	6.1	6.0
Jul-14	6.2	6.2	6.2
Aug-14	6.1	6.1	6.1
Sep-14	6.2	6.1	6.4
Oct-14	6.4	6.3	6.5
Nov-14	6.3	6.3	6.3
Dec-14	6.1	6.0	6.2
Jan-15	6.3	6.4	6.3
Feb-15	6.2	6.2	6.1
Mar-15	6.1	6.1	6.1
Apr-15	6.1	6.1	6.1
May-15	5.9	5.9	5.9
Jun-15	6.0	6.0	6.0
Jul-15	6.3	6.0	6.6
Aug-15	6.1	6.2	6.0
Sep-15	6.2	6.2	6.1
Oct-15	5.9	5.9	5.9
Nov-15	5.9	5.7	6.0
Dec-15	5.7	5.6	5.9
Jan-16	6.0	6.1	6.0
Feb-16	5.7	5.6	5.8
Mar-16	5.6	5.6	5.6
Apr-16	5.6	5.6	5.7
May-16	5.7	5.7	5.8
Jun-16	5.7	5.4	6.0
Jul-16	5.7	5.5	5.9
Aug-16	5.6	5.6	5.6
Sep-16	5.7	5.6	5.7
Oct-16	5.6	5.6	5.6
Nov-16	5.8	5.7	5.8
Dec-16	5.8	5.8	5.8
Jan-17	5.7	5.6	5.8
Feb-17	5.8	5.8	5.9
Mar-17	5.8	5.7	6.0
Apr-17	5.6	5.4	5.9
May-17	5.5	5.5	5.6
Jun-17	5.6	5.5	5.7
Jul-17	5.6	5.6	5.7
Aug-17	5.5	5.5	5.5
Sep-17	5.5	5.4	5.5
Oct-17	5.4	5.3	5.5
Nov-17	5.4	5.4	5.5
Dec-17	5.6	5.7	5.5
Jan-18	5.5	5.4	5.6
Feb-18	5.6	5.5	5.6
Mar-18	5.5	5.5	5.5
Apr-18	5.5	5.6	5.5
May-18	5.4	5.4	5.4
Jun-18	5.3	5.5	5.2
Jul-18	5.3	5.3	5.3
Aug-18	5.3	5.2	5.4
Sep-18	5.0	4.9	5.2
Oct-18	5.0	5.0	5.0
Nov-18	5.1	5.2	5.0
Dec-18	5.0	5.0	5.1
Jan-19	5.0	4.9	5.2
Feb-19	5.0	5.0	4.9
Mar-19	5.1	5.1	5.1
Apr-19	5.2	5.2	5.2
May-19	5.2	5.3	5.2
Jun-19	5.3	5.2	5.3
Jul-19	5.3	5.2	5.3
Aug-19	5.3	5.3	5.2
Sep-19	5.2	5.4	5.0
Oct-19	5.3	5.5	5.1
Nov-19	5.2	5.3	5.0
Dec-19	5.1	5.2	4.9
Jan-20	5.3	5.3	5.2
Feb-20	5.1	5.3	4.9
Mar-20	5.2	5.3	5.1
Apr-20	6.3	6.6	6.0
May-20	7.0	7.1	6.9
Jun-20	7.4	7.4	7.4
Jul-20	7.5	7.5	7.6
Aug-20	6.8	7.0	6.6
Sep-20	6.9	7.2	6.7
Oct-20	7.0	7.0	7.0
Nov-20	6.8	6.6	7.1
Dec-20	6.6	6.7	6.5
Jan-21	6.3	6.4	6.2
Feb-21	5.8	6.1	5.5
Mar-21	5.6	5.9	5.3
Apr-21	5.4	5.6	5.2
May-21	5.1	5.3	4.7
Jun-21	5.0	5.2	4.8
Jul-21	4.7	4.6	4.8
Aug-21	4.6	4.7	4.4
Sep-21	4.7	4.5	4.9
Oct-21	5.3	5.1	5.4
Nov-21	4.6	4.6	4.6
Dec-21	4.2	4.2	4.1
Jan-22	4.2	4.3	4.0
Feb-22	4.0	4.2	3.8
Mar-22	3.9	4.2	3.7
Apr-22	3.9	4.0	3.7
May-22	3.9	4.0	3.8
Jun-22	3.6	3.6	3.5
Jul-22	3.5	3.5	3.4
Aug-22	3.5	3.6	3.5
Sep-22	3.6	3.5	3.6
Oct-22	3.4	3.3	3.6
Nov-22	3.5	3.4	3.5
Dec-22	3.5	3.5	3.5
Jan-23	3.7	3.8	3.5
Feb-23	3.5	3.7	3.4
Mar-23	3.5	3.7	3.4
Apr-23	3.7	4.0	3.3
May-23	3.6	3.6	3.5

Unemployment rate, Australia, August 1966 to May 2023, Seasonally adjusted

["","Persons","Males","Females"]

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February 1978 to May 2023 estimated monthly, before February 1978 estimated quarterly

Source: 6204.0.55.001 Labour Force Historical Timeseries, Australia, 1966-1984, Seasonally adjusted estimates of the labour force by sex and marital status - 1966-1977 and 6202.0 Labour Force, Australia, Table 1

Employed people, Australia, August 1966 to May 2023, Seasonally adjusted
	Persons ('000)	Males ('000)	Females ('000)
Aug-66	4,836.1	3,373.5	1,462.4
Sep-66	4,836.1	3,373.5	1,462.4
Oct-66	4,855.3	3,383.5	1,475.4
Nov-66	4,855.3	3,383.5	1,475.4
Dec-66	4,855.3	3,383.5	1,475.4
Jan-67	4,886.3	3,388.3	1,494.9
Feb-67	4,886.3	3,388.3	1,494.9
Mar-67	4,886.3	3,388.3	1,494.9
Apr-67	4,907.5	3,401.3	1,506.0
May-67	4,907.5	3,401.3	1,506.0
Jun-67	4,907.5	3,401.3	1,506.0
Jul-67	4,945.7	3,417.7	1,528.0
Aug-67	4,945.7	3,417.7	1,528.0
Sep-67	4,945.7	3,417.7	1,528.0
Oct-67	4,972.4	3,443.2	1,532.4
Nov-67	4,972.4	3,443.2	1,532.4
Dec-67	4,972.4	3,443.2	1,532.4
Jan-68	5,003.3	3,449.1	1,551.5
Feb-68	5,003.3	3,449.1	1,551.5
Mar-68	5,003.3	3,449.1	1,551.5
Apr-68	5,033.0	3,462.2	1,570.5
May-68	5,033.0	3,462.2	1,570.5
Jun-68	5,033.0	3,462.2	1,570.5
Jul-68	5,068.6	3,485.3	1,583.4
Aug-68	5,068.6	3,485.3	1,583.4
Sep-68	5,068.6	3,485.3	1,583.4
Oct-68	5,079.5	3,499.5	1,582.6
Nov-68	5,079.5	3,499.5	1,582.6
Dec-68	5,079.5	3,499.5	1,582.6
Jan-69	5,139.6	3,525.3	1,612.0
Feb-69	5,139.6	3,525.3	1,612.0
Mar-69	5,139.6	3,525.3	1,612.0
Apr-69	5,159.2	3,538.7	1,620.5
May-69	5,159.2	3,538.7	1,620.5
Jun-69	5,159.2	3,538.7	1,620.5
Jul-69	5,196.4	3,553.3	1,643.1
Aug-69	5,196.4	3,553.3	1,643.1
Sep-69	5,196.4	3,553.3	1,643.1
Oct-69	5,253.9	3,574.9	1,680.8
Nov-69	5,253.9	3,574.9	1,680.8
Dec-69	5,253.9	3,574.9	1,680.8
Jan-70	5,320.6	3,617.4	1,701.0
Feb-70	5,320.6	3,617.4	1,701.0
Mar-70	5,320.6	3,617.4	1,701.0
Apr-70	5,369.6	3,637.0	1,733.5
May-70	5,369.6	3,637.0	1,733.5
Jun-70	5,369.6	3,637.0	1,733.5
Jul-70	5,410.1	3,654.4	1,755.6
Aug-70	5,410.1	3,654.4	1,755.6
Sep-70	5,410.1	3,654.4	1,755.6
Oct-70	5,448.4	3,663.1	1,785.8
Nov-70	5,448.4	3,663.1	1,785.8
Dec-70	5,448.4	3,663.1	1,785.8
Jan-71	5,482.3	3,683.2	1,797.6
Feb-71	5,482.3	3,683.2	1,797.6
Mar-71	5,482.3	3,683.2	1,797.6
Apr-71	5,523.0	3,700.8	1,823.8
May-71	5,523.0	3,700.8	1,823.8
Jun-71	5,523.0	3,700.8	1,823.8
Jul-71	5,532.4	3,720.4	1,811.6
Aug-71	5,532.4	3,720.4	1,811.6
Sep-71	5,532.4	3,720.4	1,811.6
Oct-71	5,527.1	3,723.6	1,803.3
Nov-71	5,527.1	3,723.6	1,803.3
Dec-71	5,527.1	3,723.6	1,803.3
Jan-72	5,537.0	3,730.1	1,805.9
Feb-72	5,537.0	3,730.1	1,805.9
Mar-72	5,537.0	3,730.1	1,805.9
Apr-72	5,562.1	3,748.2	1,816.2
May-72	5,562.1	3,748.2	1,816.2
Jun-72	5,562.1	3,748.2	1,816.2
Jul-72	5,629.8	3,767.0	1,861.6
Aug-72	5,629.8	3,767.0	1,861.6
Sep-72	5,629.8	3,767.0	1,861.6
Oct-72	5,675.0	3,788.2	1,885.9
Nov-72	5,675.0	3,788.2	1,885.9
Dec-72	5,675.0	3,788.2	1,885.9
Jan-73	5,704.1	3,793.4	1,910.4
Feb-73	5,704.1	3,793.4	1,910.4
Mar-73	5,704.1	3,793.4	1,910.4
Apr-73	5,711.1	3,794.5	1,920.0
May-73	5,711.1	3,794.5	1,920.0
Jun-73	5,711.1	3,794.5	1,920.0
Jul-73	5,807.5	3,851.0	1,953.8
Aug-73	5,807.5	3,851.0	1,953.8
Sep-73	5,807.5	3,851.0	1,953.8
Oct-73	5,836.5	3,861.2	1,974.6
Nov-73	5,836.5	3,861.2	1,974.6
Dec-73	5,836.5	3,861.2	1,974.6
Jan-74	5,900.2	3,883.1	2,016.9
Feb-74	5,900.2	3,883.1	2,016.9
Mar-74	5,900.2	3,883.1	2,016.9
Apr-74	5,905.8	3,882.7	2,027.9
May-74	5,905.8	3,882.7	2,027.9
Jun-74	5,905.8	3,882.7	2,027.9
Jul-74	5,883.0	3,859.9	2,019.0
Aug-74	5,883.0	3,859.9	2,019.0
Sep-74	5,883.0	3,859.9	2,019.0
Oct-74	5,875.5	3,849.2	2,025.7
Nov-74	5,875.5	3,849.2	2,025.7
Dec-74	5,875.5	3,849.2	2,025.7
Jan-75	5,827.7	3,822.7	2,005.2
Feb-75	5,827.7	3,822.7	2,005.2
Mar-75	5,827.7	3,822.7	2,005.2
Apr-75	5,836.3	3,827.1	2,013.8
May-75	5,836.3	3,827.1	2,013.8
Jun-75	5,836.3	3,827.1	2,013.8
Jul-75	5,870.5	3,834.6	2,031.2
Aug-75	5,870.5	3,834.6	2,031.2
Sep-75	5,870.5	3,834.6	2,031.2
Oct-75	5,931.2	3,840.7	2,089.8
Nov-75	5,931.2	3,840.7	2,089.8
Dec-75	5,931.2	3,840.7	2,089.8
Jan-76	5,949.9	3,856.1	2,095.1
Feb-76	5,949.9	3,856.1	2,095.1
Mar-76	5,949.9	3,856.1	2,095.1
Apr-76	5,964.6	3,874.3	2,094.2
May-76	5,964.6	3,874.3	2,094.2
Jun-76	5,964.6	3,874.3	2,094.2
Jul-76	5,926.7	3,850.6	2,071.5
Aug-76	5,926.7	3,850.6	2,071.5
Sep-76	5,926.7	3,850.6	2,071.5
Oct-76	5,942.5	3,872.0	2,070.5
Nov-76	5,942.5	3,872.0	2,070.5
Dec-76	5,942.5	3,872.0	2,070.5
Jan-77	5,987.4	3,882.2	2,107.0
Feb-77	5,987.4	3,882.2	2,107.0
Mar-77	5,987.4	3,882.2	2,107.0
Apr-77	6,005.8	3,878.7	2,129.5
May-77	6,005.8	3,878.7	2,129.5
Jun-77	6,005.8	3,878.7	2,129.5
Jul-77	6,022.9	3,881.7	2,137.2
Aug-77	6,022.9	3,881.7	2,137.2
Sep-77	6,022.9	3,881.7	2,137.2
Oct-77	5,984.1	3,873.7	2,110.5
Nov-77	5,984.1	3,873.7	2,110.5
Dec-77	5,984.1	3,873.7	2,110.5
Jan-78	5,997.9	3,881.2	2,116.6
Feb-78	5,997.5	3,881.0	2,116.5
Mar-78	6,002.9	3,884.5	2,118.4
Apr-78	6,030.6	3,888.5	2,142.2
May-78	6,033.1	3,885.7	2,147.4
Jun-78	6,033.9	3,882.7	2,151.1
Jul-78	6,030.5	3,873.0	2,157.5
Aug-78	6,036.3	3,872.5	2,163.8
Sep-78	6,030.9	3,870.2	2,160.6
Oct-78	6,035.8	3,875.7	2,160.1
Nov-78	6,028.1	3,877.7	2,150.4
Dec-78	6,053.1	3,891.1	2,162.0
Jan-79	6,051.5	3,891.0	2,160.6
Feb-79	6,063.5	3,900.8	2,162.7
Mar-79	6,055.6	3,902.4	2,153.2
Apr-79	6,064.6	3,910.0	2,154.5
May-79	6,070.3	3,919.4	2,150.9
Jun-79	6,099.4	3,927.8	2,171.6
Jul-79	6,097.5	3,930.3	2,167.2
Aug-79	6,114.8	3,944.9	2,169.9
Sep-79	6,116.8	3,942.8	2,174.0
Oct-79	6,152.1	3,947.7	2,204.4
Nov-79	6,180.4	3,960.1	2,220.3
Dec-79	6,183.9	3,961.8	2,222.1
Jan-80	6,204.2	3,964.0	2,240.2
Feb-80	6,221.8	3,966.3	2,255.6
Mar-80	6,232.8	3,966.4	2,266.4
Apr-80	6,246.8	3,975.2	2,271.6
May-80	6,267.9	3,992.5	2,275.5
Jun-80	6,275.4	3,985.1	2,290.3
Jul-80	6,306.7	3,997.5	2,309.2
Aug-80	6,315.6	4,008.1	2,307.5
Sep-80	6,317.7	4,006.1	2,311.6
Oct-80	6,306.9	4,012.2	2,294.7
Nov-80	6,328.6	4,028.3	2,300.3
Dec-80	6,351.4	4,047.7	2,303.7
Jan-81	6,357.3	4,049.8	2,307.5
Feb-81	6,372.8	4,057.3	2,315.5
Mar-81	6,376.5	4,069.4	2,307.1
Apr-81	6,404.0	4,071.5	2,332.5
May-81	6,405.1	4,072.9	2,332.2
Jun-81	6,420.9	4,076.1	2,344.8
Jul-81	6,418.6	4,080.0	2,338.7
Aug-81	6,434.4	4,084.5	2,349.9
Sep-81	6,459.3	4,083.1	2,376.1
Oct-81	6,429.8	4,060.8	2,369.0
Nov-81	6,416.9	4,061.8	2,355.1
Dec-81	6,430.1	4,066.9	2,363.2
Jan-82	6,468.7	4,097.0	2,371.8
Feb-82	6,450.4	4,087.5	2,362.9
Mar-82	6,443.1	4,082.0	2,361.1
Apr-82	6,455.9	4,086.6	2,369.3
May-82	6,432.8	4,074.0	2,358.8
Jun-82	6,420.8	4,066.9	2,353.9
Jul-82	6,420.1	4,065.7	2,354.4
Aug-82	6,416.4	4,050.9	2,365.5
Sep-82	6,400.8	4,048.5	2,352.2
Oct-82	6,402.9	4,044.4	2,358.4
Nov-82	6,345.7	4,007.5	2,338.2
Dec-82	6,295.6	3,962.2	2,333.4
Jan-83	6,296.0	3,957.6	2,338.5
Feb-83	6,289.4	3,951.9	2,337.5
Mar-83	6,255.7	3,925.4	2,330.3
Apr-83	6,232.9	3,918.0	2,314.9
May-83	6,263.8	3,924.8	2,339.0
Jun-83	6,271.2	3,926.5	2,344.7
Jul-83	6,276.5	3,920.9	2,355.5
Aug-83	6,283.0	3,929.4	2,353.6
Sep-83	6,316.7	3,954.2	2,362.5
Oct-83	6,317.2	3,951.0	2,366.3
Nov-83	6,354.2	3,968.7	2,385.5
Dec-83	6,379.0	3,986.8	2,392.2
Jan-84	6,379.2	3,990.3	2,389.0
Feb-84	6,392.1	4,004.1	2,387.9
Mar-84	6,447.6	4,035.1	2,412.5
Apr-84	6,454.1	4,027.8	2,426.3
May-84	6,479.5	4,039.7	2,439.8
Jun-84	6,501.7	4,048.0	2,453.6
Jul-84	6,510.3	4,056.4	2,453.9
Aug-84	6,508.0	4,046.2	2,461.8
Sep-84	6,538.0	4,048.8	2,489.2
Oct-84	6,534.7	4,050.2	2,484.5
Nov-84	6,550.0	4,064.7	2,485.3
Dec-84	6,553.7	4,054.9	2,498.9
Jan-85	6,562.1	4,059.6	2,502.5
Feb-85	6,626.1	4,089.4	2,536.7
Mar-85	6,600.9	4,078.1	2,522.8
Apr-85	6,611.4	4,089.6	2,521.8
May-85	6,646.2	4,101.2	2,544.9
Jun-85	6,660.2	4,101.6	2,558.7
Jul-85	6,685.2	4,103.9	2,581.3
Aug-85	6,727.4	4,141.5	2,585.9
Sep-85	6,771.7	4,172.3	2,599.4
Oct-85	6,756.2	4,152.0	2,604.1
Nov-85	6,855.2	4,209.8	2,645.5
Dec-85	6,822.6	4,180.3	2,642.3
Jan-86	6,869.8	4,206.7	2,663.1
Feb-86	6,892.2	4,206.8	2,685.4
Mar-86	6,902.5	4,217.2	2,685.3
Apr-86	6,971.4	4,230.6	2,740.8
May-86	6,965.0	4,226.9	2,738.1
Jun-86	7,005.5	4,261.0	2,744.5
Jul-86	6,987.8	4,229.9	2,757.8
Aug-86	6,969.2	4,235.3	2,733.9
Sep-86	6,994.3	4,242.4	2,751.9
Oct-86	7,018.7	4,235.0	2,783.7
Nov-86	7,008.0	4,227.9	2,780.1
Dec-86	7,024.5	4,244.4	2,780.1
Jan-87	7,025.2	4,239.3	2,785.8
Feb-87	7,056.6	4,251.0	2,805.6
Mar-87	7,070.0	4,268.9	2,801.1
Apr-87	7,084.5	4,270.7	2,813.9
May-87	7,089.8	4,270.2	2,819.6
Jun-87	7,125.5	4,294.7	2,830.8
Jul-87	7,171.4	4,321.8	2,849.6
Aug-87	7,149.6	4,311.0	2,838.7
Sep-87	7,137.5	4,294.1	2,843.4
Oct-87	7,167.1	4,291.7	2,875.5
Nov-87	7,157.2	4,293.3	2,863.8
Dec-87	7,234.8	4,341.5	2,893.3
Jan-88	7,296.5	4,375.2	2,921.4
Feb-88	7,282.0	4,366.8	2,915.2
Mar-88	7,329.5	4,394.5	2,935.0
Apr-88	7,359.8	4,407.5	2,952.4
May-88	7,343.0	4,396.3	2,946.7
Jun-88	7,360.2	4,406.9	2,953.3
Jul-88	7,378.3	4,425.4	2,952.8
Aug-88	7,408.5	4,418.3	2,990.2
Sep-88	7,451.1	4,438.3	3,012.8
Oct-88	7,466.4	4,448.5	3,017.9
Nov-88	7,487.7	4,470.4	3,017.2
Dec-88	7,521.5	4,478.4	3,043.0
Jan-89	7,554.3	4,486.6	3,067.7
Feb-89	7,605.2	4,510.6	3,094.6
Mar-89	7,624.1	4,520.7	3,103.4
Apr-89	7,655.7	4,545.1	3,110.6
May-89	7,711.2	4,564.7	3,146.5
Jun-89	7,710.8	4,564.2	3,146.7
Jul-89	7,735.7	4,582.1	3,153.6
Aug-89	7,774.7	4,595.3	3,179.4
Sep-89	7,783.6	4,591.2	3,192.4
Oct-89	7,792.0	4,597.2	3,194.7
Nov-89	7,844.6	4,626.1	3,218.5
Dec-89	7,829.9	4,603.6	3,226.3
Jan-90	7,841.1	4,617.0	3,224.1
Feb-90	7,846.5	4,606.1	3,240.4
Mar-90	7,861.4	4,609.5	3,251.9
Apr-90	7,866.0	4,612.3	3,253.7
May-90	7,899.4	4,628.6	3,270.7
Jun-90	7,900.3	4,627.5	3,272.8
Jul-90	7,897.9	4,612.2	3,285.6
Aug-90	7,869.2	4,601.3	3,267.9
Sep-90	7,844.1	4,593.7	3,250.4
Oct-90	7,829.7	4,573.5	3,256.2
Nov-90	7,809.8	4,553.0	3,256.8
Dec-90	7,813.0	4,551.6	3,261.4
Jan-91	7,745.5	4,512.5	3,233.0
Feb-91	7,758.0	4,515.5	3,242.5
Mar-91	7,701.7	4,478.6	3,223.1
Apr-91	7,695.9	4,462.1	3,233.8
May-91	7,693.9	4,464.0	3,229.9
Jun-91	7,658.4	4,434.4	3,224.0
Jul-91	7,630.7	4,414.3	3,216.4
Aug-91	7,635.6	4,420.3	3,215.3
Sep-91	7,645.2	4,423.2	3,222.0
Oct-91	7,616.2	4,410.8	3,205.4
Nov-91	7,597.1	4,409.3	3,187.8
Dec-91	7,616.9	4,406.2	3,210.7
Jan-92	7,631.8	4,406.5	3,225.2
Feb-92	7,650.1	4,417.2	3,232.9
Mar-92	7,631.1	4,408.5	3,222.6
Apr-92	7,624.4	4,408.2	3,216.2
May-92	7,620.8	4,403.9	3,217.0
Jun-92	7,633.6	4,404.1	3,229.6
Jul-92	7,651.0	4,406.8	3,244.2
Aug-92	7,671.1	4,417.4	3,253.6
Sep-92	7,635.1	4,397.6	3,237.5
Oct-92	7,644.4	4,400.2	3,244.2
Nov-92	7,569.4	4,347.6	3,221.7
Dec-92	7,599.6	4,373.3	3,226.3
Jan-93	7,650.9	4,397.9	3,253.0
Feb-93	7,581.9	4,358.4	3,223.5
Mar-93	7,631.5	4,393.2	3,238.3
Apr-93	7,612.5	4,378.7	3,233.8
May-93	7,613.1	4,382.2	3,230.9
Jun-93	7,626.2	4,395.6	3,230.6
Jul-93	7,628.0	4,399.4	3,228.5
Aug-93	7,651.7	4,397.5	3,254.3
Sep-93	7,670.2	4,413.0	3,257.3
Oct-93	7,719.2	4,431.0	3,288.1
Nov-93	7,729.8	4,441.3	3,288.5
Dec-93	7,745.5	4,449.6	3,295.9
Jan-94	7,765.8	4,465.6	3,300.2
Feb-94	7,789.7	4,465.9	3,323.7
Mar-94	7,808.8	4,477.5	3,331.3
Apr-94	7,811.6	4,489.0	3,322.6
May-94	7,853.3	4,508.1	3,345.1
Jun-94	7,875.4	4,524.8	3,350.6
Jul-94	7,948.2	4,559.6	3,388.6
Aug-94	7,932.6	4,554.3	3,378.3
Sep-94	7,981.3	4,564.6	3,416.7
Oct-94	7,978.4	4,576.5	3,401.8
Nov-94	7,990.1	4,576.3	3,413.9
Dec-94	8,034.2	4,604.2	3,430.0
Jan-95	8,049.4	4,613.6	3,435.8
Feb-95	8,098.9	4,646.8	3,452.1
Mar-95	8,102.2	4,636.1	3,466.1
Apr-95	8,159.9	4,656.6	3,503.3
May-95	8,166.0	4,648.3	3,517.7
Jun-95	8,201.1	4,659.1	3,541.9
Jul-95	8,207.6	4,662.2	3,545.4
Aug-95	8,236.8	4,686.5	3,550.2
Sep-95	8,224.4	4,689.2	3,535.2
Oct-95	8,214.2	4,660.2	3,554.0
Nov-95	8,288.2	4,706.0	3,582.2
Dec-95	8,289.5	4,700.6	3,588.9
Jan-96	8,290.1	4,701.3	3,588.7
Feb-96	8,292.7	4,717.2	3,575.5
Mar-96	8,266.3	4,685.8	3,580.5
Apr-96	8,296.4	4,714.4	3,581.9
May-96	8,301.5	4,722.1	3,579.4
Jun-96	8,305.3	4,726.6	3,578.6
Jul-96	8,307.4	4,725.3	3,582.1
Aug-96	8,302.5	4,721.6	3,580.9
Sep-96	8,295.6	4,717.7	3,578.0
Oct-96	8,301.8	4,708.1	3,593.6
Nov-96	8,300.8	4,720.4	3,580.5
Dec-96	8,324.3	4,725.2	3,599.0
Jan-97	8,334.2	4,729.8	3,604.4
Feb-97	8,334.8	4,717.2	3,617.6
Mar-97	8,338.0	4,725.7	3,612.3
Apr-97	8,330.8	4,719.7	3,611.1
May-97	8,334.8	4,724.2	3,610.6
Jun-97	8,336.1	4,732.7	3,603.4
Jul-97	8,347.0	4,724.9	3,622.2
Aug-97	8,333.6	4,721.4	3,612.2
Sep-97	8,395.8	4,746.1	3,649.7
Oct-97	8,388.9	4,754.8	3,634.1
Nov-97	8,447.4	4,789.6	3,657.8
Dec-97	8,432.8	4,781.5	3,651.2
Jan-98	8,439.5	4,791.9	3,647.6
Feb-98	8,453.2	4,793.3	3,659.9
Mar-98	8,456.3	4,791.6	3,664.7
Apr-98	8,488.6	4,804.0	3,684.6
May-98	8,486.6	4,800.9	3,685.7
Jun-98	8,506.6	4,801.9	3,704.7
Jul-98	8,518.9	4,796.2	3,722.7
Aug-98	8,531.1	4,797.1	3,734.1
Sep-98	8,575.0	4,842.0	3,733.0
Oct-98	8,585.5	4,837.7	3,747.8
Nov-98	8,564.0	4,836.8	3,727.3
Dec-98	8,586.0	4,832.5	3,753.5
Jan-99	8,586.4	4,846.3	3,740.1
Feb-99	8,594.2	4,856.0	3,738.2
Mar-99	8,620.9	4,880.2	3,740.7
Apr-99	8,622.7	4,870.9	3,751.8
May-99	8,610.7	4,861.5	3,749.1
Jun-99	8,661.8	4,895.6	3,766.2
Jul-99	8,680.0	4,895.8	3,784.2
Aug-99	8,688.1	4,902.8	3,785.3
Sep-99	8,701.6	4,901.7	3,799.9
Oct-99	8,741.5	4,909.4	3,832.1
Nov-99	8,751.7	4,917.7	3,834.0
Dec-99	8,785.8	4,922.7	3,863.1
Jan-00	8,739.1	4,914.4	3,824.7
Feb-00	8,788.9	4,944.5	3,844.4
Mar-00	8,837.0	4,951.4	3,885.6
Apr-00	8,873.9	4,970.0	3,903.9
May-00	8,869.8	4,964.9	3,905.0
Jun-00	8,909.9	4,978.9	3,931.0
Jul-00	8,992.0	5,015.0	3,977.0
Aug-00	8,988.9	4,995.0	3,994.0
Sep-00	8,985.7	5,012.2	3,973.4
Oct-00	8,960.4	4,997.5	3,963.0
Nov-00	8,903.3	4,981.1	3,922.2
Dec-00	8,944.4	4,989.6	3,954.8
Jan-01	8,956.1	4,997.6	3,958.5
Feb-01	8,954.1	4,985.0	3,969.1
Mar-01	8,963.9	4,970.7	3,993.2
Apr-01	9,014.9	4,993.6	4,021.2
May-01	9,007.8	4,997.7	4,010.2
Jun-01	9,004.4	4,992.5	4,011.9
Jul-01	9,024.6	5,013.0	4,011.6
Aug-01	9,046.9	5,019.4	4,027.5
Sep-01	9,026.4	5,017.1	4,009.2
Oct-01	9,045.9	5,024.1	4,021.9
Nov-01	9,078.1	5,036.5	4,041.6
Dec-01	9,065.0	5,037.9	4,027.1
Jan-02	9,084.7	5,035.9	4,048.7
Feb-02	9,126.9	5,070.8	4,056.1
Mar-02	9,132.2	5,068.7	4,063.6
Apr-02	9,119.6	5,073.3	4,046.3
May-02	9,135.0	5,088.5	4,046.5
Jun-02	9,160.6	5,105.2	4,055.4
Jul-02	9,167.3	5,100.7	4,066.6
Aug-02	9,224.0	5,111.5	4,112.4
Sep-02	9,225.5	5,110.0	4,115.5
Oct-02	9,234.6	5,111.1	4,123.5
Nov-02	9,284.3	5,139.4	4,144.8
Dec-02	9,327.6	5,152.4	4,175.2
Jan-03	9,379.7	5,164.6	4,215.1
Feb-03	9,406.1	5,182.8	4,223.3
Mar-03	9,359.7	5,174.2	4,185.4
Apr-03	9,357.9	5,153.5	4,204.4
May-03	9,375.4	5,163.2	4,212.2
Jun-03	9,351.6	5,152.7	4,198.9
Jul-03	9,343.4	5,157.4	4,186.0
Aug-03	9,400.0	5,195.2	4,204.8
Sep-03	9,408.2	5,205.5	4,202.7
Oct-03	9,432.0	5,224.3	4,207.7
Nov-03	9,428.6	5,229.4	4,199.2
Dec-03	9,460.1	5,258.1	4,202.0
Jan-04	9,461.1	5,265.0	4,196.1
Feb-04	9,465.6	5,265.1	4,200.5
Mar-04	9,498.8	5,268.3	4,230.5
Apr-04	9,508.8	5,271.3	4,237.5
May-04	9,524.5	5,285.4	4,239.1
Jun-04	9,529.0	5,289.0	4,240.0
Jul-04	9,538.1	5,286.0	4,252.1
Aug-04	9,534.7	5,269.3	4,265.4
Sep-04	9,591.3	5,308.8	4,282.5
Oct-04	9,645.5	5,325.2	4,320.3
Nov-04	9,683.2	5,346.3	4,336.9
Dec-04	9,692.5	5,347.3	4,345.2
Jan-05	9,744.8	5,379.1	4,365.7
Feb-05	9,775.1	5,390.0	4,385.1
Mar-05	9,816.1	5,411.4	4,404.7
Apr-05	9,855.1	5,438.9	4,416.2
May-05	9,839.0	5,426.4	4,412.5
Jun-05	9,885.1	5,450.1	4,435.0
Jul-05	9,900.4	5,449.7	4,450.7
Aug-05	9,943.9	5,475.0	4,468.8
Sep-05	9,928.1	5,466.7	4,461.5
Oct-05	9,932.7	5,458.5	4,474.2
Nov-05	9,942.9	5,465.6	4,477.2
Dec-05	9,957.4	5,471.3	4,486.1
Jan-06	9,957.2	5,467.5	4,489.6
Feb-06	9,992.8	5,496.6	4,496.2
Mar-06	10,034.0	5,521.8	4,512.2
Apr-06	10,041.5	5,522.1	4,519.4
May-06	10,069.1	5,520.3	4,548.8
Jun-06	10,108.9	5,547.0	4,561.9
Jul-06	10,161.0	5,572.7	4,588.3
Aug-06	10,178.8	5,582.8	4,596.0
Sep-06	10,223.2	5,603.4	4,619.9
Oct-06	10,195.5	5,597.8	4,597.7
Nov-06	10,229.5	5,612.0	4,617.4
Dec-06	10,282.3	5,647.3	4,635.0
Jan-07	10,278.5	5,643.3	4,635.2
Feb-07	10,307.8	5,660.0	4,647.7
Mar-07	10,336.7	5,686.6	4,650.0
Apr-07	10,366.1	5,702.9	4,663.2
May-07	10,401.6	5,719.3	4,682.3
Jun-07	10,424.0	5,742.7	4,681.2
Jul-07	10,446.7	5,744.9	4,701.8
Aug-07	10,484.1	5,762.5	4,721.6
Sep-07	10,513.7	5,770.3	4,743.4
Oct-07	10,503.9	5,753.1	4,750.8
Nov-07	10,561.3	5,791.4	4,769.9
Dec-07	10,582.2	5,795.9	4,786.2
Jan-08	10,611.5	5,825.3	4,786.2
Feb-08	10,648.6	5,844.1	4,804.5
Mar-08	10,669.5	5,845.4	4,824.1
Apr-08	10,708.3	5,852.7	4,855.7
May-08	10,680.1	5,850.0	4,830.1
Jun-08	10,733.1	5,890.8	4,842.3
Jul-08	10,751.2	5,885.9	4,865.3
Aug-08	10,793.2	5,908.9	4,884.3
Sep-08	10,777.9	5,910.7	4,867.2
Oct-08	10,787.3	5,911.6	4,875.6
Nov-08	10,780.8	5,900.1	4,880.7
Dec-08	10,789.0	5,892.7	4,896.4
Jan-09	10,791.4	5,874.2	4,917.2
Feb-09	10,804.1	5,873.5	4,930.6
Mar-09	10,770.4	5,854.2	4,916.2
Apr-09	10,794.2	5,864.7	4,929.4
May-09	10,772.7	5,842.6	4,930.1
Jun-09	10,754.8	5,839.5	4,915.3
Jul-09	10,799.2	5,865.0	4,934.2
Aug-09	10,789.3	5,879.1	4,910.3
Sep-09	10,810.3	5,894.5	4,915.7
Oct-09	10,820.6	5,892.0	4,928.6
Nov-09	10,850.5	5,902.7	4,947.8
Dec-09	10,887.2	5,933.8	4,953.4
Jan-10	10,937.0	5,972.7	4,964.3
Feb-10	10,919.6	5,968.1	4,951.5
Mar-10	10,925.3	5,956.3	4,969.0
Apr-10	10,937.1	5,976.2	4,960.9
May-10	10,938.9	5,969.2	4,969.7
Jun-10	10,992.5	6,001.3	4,991.2
Jul-10	11,019.1	6,011.0	5,008.1
Aug-10	11,060.8	6,044.9	5,016.0
Sep-10	11,087.6	6,061.3	5,026.3
Oct-10	11,104.8	6,066.8	5,037.9
Nov-10	11,162.9	6,100.8	5,062.1
Dec-10	11,169.1	6,106.4	5,062.8
Jan-11	11,200.8	6,131.3	5,069.5
Feb-11	11,175.0	6,108.9	5,066.1
Mar-11	11,214.8	6,117.4	5,097.4
Apr-11	11,181.8	6,089.5	5,092.4
May-11	11,172.9	6,089.9	5,082.9
Jun-11	11,205.6	6,093.8	5,111.8
Jul-11	11,209.9	6,092.6	5,117.2
Aug-11	11,218.6	6,095.2	5,123.4
Sep-11	11,246.6	6,106.4	5,140.2
Oct-11	11,249.7	6,106.8	5,143.0
Nov-11	11,252.6	6,119.6	5,133.0
Dec-11	11,231.3	6,124.0	5,107.2
Jan-12	11,306.7	6,165.9	5,140.8
Feb-12	11,270.2	6,131.9	5,138.4
Mar-12	11,332.8	6,141.4	5,191.4
Apr-12	11,321.1	6,154.0	5,167.1
May-12	11,364.4	6,165.5	5,199.0
Jun-12	11,338.9	6,163.4	5,175.5
Jul-12	11,349.1	6,151.0	5,198.1
Aug-12	11,360.6	6,159.4	5,201.1
Sep-12	11,391.1	6,159.4	5,231.6
Oct-12	11,391.6	6,186.9	5,204.7
Nov-12	11,385.2	6,173.3	5,211.9
Dec-12	11,395.7	6,194.6	5,201.1
Jan-13	11,466.5	6,224.7	5,241.8
Feb-13	11,466.3	6,210.4	5,255.9
Mar-13	11,434.1	6,186.8	5,247.3
Apr-13	11,466.3	6,200.1	5,266.1
May-13	11,458.3	6,212.5	5,245.8
Jun-13	11,471.0	6,215.8	5,255.2
Jul-13	11,458.1	6,198.8	5,259.3
Aug-13	11,459.7	6,196.6	5,263.1
Sep-13	11,476.1	6,204.0	5,272.0
Oct-13	11,471.2	6,195.3	5,275.9
Nov-13	11,449.1	6,187.4	5,261.7
Dec-13	11,417.3	6,170.8	5,246.6
Jan-14	11,453.9	6,188.0	5,265.9
Feb-14	11,476.9	6,193.8	5,283.0
Mar-14	11,530.8	6,231.4	5,299.4
Apr-14	11,536.8	6,235.5	5,301.3
May-14	11,513.8	6,211.7	5,302.1
Jun-14	11,529.9	6,217.3	5,312.7
Jul-14	11,546.4	6,229.7	5,316.7
Aug-14	11,550.1	6,233.7	5,316.3
Sep-14	11,550.3	6,227.5	5,322.8
Oct-14	11,543.3	6,230.1	5,313.2
Nov-14	11,543.1	6,250.6	5,292.5
Dec-14	11,595.8	6,258.2	5,337.6
Jan-15	11,607.8	6,264.1	5,343.7
Feb-15	11,671.4	6,296.4	5,375.0
Mar-15	11,691.9	6,319.0	5,372.8
Apr-15	11,691.0	6,303.9	5,387.1
May-15	11,734.3	6,318.1	5,416.3
Jun-15	11,729.4	6,305.4	5,424.0
Jul-15	11,761.7	6,328.6	5,433.2
Aug-15	11,772.8	6,318.5	5,454.2
Sep-15	11,787.9	6,323.9	5,464.0
Oct-15	11,862.2	6,360.0	5,502.2
Nov-15	11,894.3	6,362.3	5,532.0
Dec-15	11,903.4	6,375.3	5,528.2
Jan-16	11,911.0	6,393.7	5,517.3
Feb-16	11,923.2	6,381.2	5,542.0
Mar-16	11,940.1	6,391.2	5,549.0
Apr-16	11,946.9	6,382.4	5,564.6
May-16	11,942.5	6,391.1	5,551.4
Jun-16	11,965.9	6,393.7	5,572.1
Jul-16	11,997.0	6,417.4	5,579.6
Aug-16	11,974.1	6,407.7	5,566.5
Sep-16	11,959.1	6,384.4	5,574.7
Oct-16	11,987.8	6,410.1	5,577.7
Nov-16	12,009.1	6,412.5	5,596.6
Dec-16	12,031.5	6,429.9	5,601.6
Jan-17	12,056.7	6,435.3	5,621.4
Feb-17	12,051.9	6,444.3	5,607.6
Mar-17	12,115.7	6,469.1	5,646.6
Apr-17	12,169.0	6,518.1	5,650.9
May-17	12,190.9	6,510.7	5,680.1
Jun-17	12,228.0	6,515.9	5,712.1
Jul-17	12,257.1	6,546.3	5,710.8
Aug-17	12,313.2	6,558.3	5,754.9
Sep-17	12,350.5	6,572.4	5,778.1
Oct-17	12,355.1	6,573.3	5,781.8
Nov-17	12,402.5	6,595.6	5,806.9
Dec-17	12,442.8	6,599.4	5,843.4
Jan-18	12,488.5	6,647.8	5,840.8
Feb-18	12,471.0	6,624.4	5,846.6
Mar-18	12,485.8	6,621.7	5,864.1
Apr-18	12,504.6	6,637.0	5,867.6
May-18	12,496.0	6,638.2	5,857.8
Jun-18	12,574.0	6,666.3	5,907.7
Jul-18	12,567.4	6,689.7	5,877.8
Aug-18	12,614.7	6,718.4	5,896.4
Sep-18	12,636.3	6,728.0	5,908.3
Oct-18	12,660.1	6,727.7	5,932.3
Nov-18	12,685.0	6,736.2	5,948.8
Dec-18	12,707.3	6,752.7	5,954.6
Jan-19	12,750.6	6,775.3	5,975.3
Feb-19	12,736.1	6,753.0	5,983.1
Mar-19	12,769.8	6,777.5	5,992.3
Apr-19	12,810.6	6,777.4	6,033.2
May-19	12,833.7	6,830.7	6,003.0
Jun-19	12,851.6	6,831.6	6,020.0
Jul-19	12,874.3	6,840.9	6,033.4
Aug-19	12,922.5	6,845.5	6,077.1
Sep-19	12,950.7	6,840.0	6,110.8
Oct-19	12,909.1	6,810.4	6,098.8
Nov-19	12,934.1	6,827.9	6,106.2
Dec-19	12,963.2	6,834.4	6,128.8
Jan-20	12,991.7	6,833.3	6,158.4
Feb-20	12,988.2	6,843.3	6,144.9
Mar-20	12,983.5	6,844.8	6,138.7
Apr-20	12,399.4	6,575.3	5,824.0
May-20	12,108.8	6,454.8	5,654.0
Jun-20	12,349.1	6,552.8	5,796.3
Jul-20	12,456.3	6,606.0	5,850.3
Aug-20	12,612.6	6,658.9	5,953.7
Sep-20	12,584.1	6,634.6	5,949.4
Oct-20	12,736.2	6,739.1	5,997.2
Nov-20	12,808.0	6,779.2	6,028.8
Dec-20	12,856.1	6,775.9	6,080.3
Jan-21	12,899.2	6,820.5	6,078.7
Feb-21	12,961.5	6,822.1	6,139.4
Mar-21	13,027.9	6,835.0	6,192.9
Apr-21	13,013.4	6,848.2	6,165.3
May-21	13,096.8	6,875.6	6,221.2
Jun-21	13,129.3	6,915.7	6,213.6
Jul-21	13,133.8	6,936.5	6,197.3
Aug-21	13,005.0	6,862.2	6,142.7
Sep-21	12,885.1	6,810.9	6,074.2
Oct-21	12,834.9	6,796.5	6,038.5
Nov-21	13,199.8	6,941.5	6,258.3
Dec-21	13,292.0	6,994.2	6,297.8
Jan-22	13,347.9	6,975.9	6,372.0
Feb-22	13,429.8	7,015.2	6,414.6
Mar-22	13,453.7	7,036.3	6,417.4
Apr-22	13,496.4	7,060.5	6,435.9
May-22	13,546.2	7,110.9	6,435.3
Jun-22	13,641.3	7,150.3	6,491.0
Jul-22	13,633.8	7,153.8	6,480.1
Aug-22	13,690.0	7,179.2	6,510.8
Sep-22	13,712.6	7,201.5	6,511.1
Oct-22	13,744.7	7,219.0	6,525.7
Nov-22	13,796.1	7,237.7	6,558.4
Dec-22	13,791.8	7,231.9	6,559.9
Jan-23	13,807.0	7,245.3	6,561.7
Feb-23	13,869.1	7,277.9	6,591.2
Mar-23	13,939.8	7,287.0	6,652.9
Apr-23	13,935.8	7,277.7	6,658.1
May-23	14,011.8	7,327.4	6,684.4

Employed people, Australia, August 1966 to May 2023, Seasonally adjusted

["","Persons","Males","Females"]

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[]

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February 1978 to May 2023 estimated monthly, before February 1978 estimated quarterly

Source: 6204.0.55.001 Labour Force Historical Timeseries, Australia, 1966-1984, Seasonally adjusted estimates of the labour force by sex and marital status - 1966-1977 and 6202.0 Labour Force, Australia, Table 1

Unemployed people, Australia, August 1966 to May 2023, Seasonally adjusted
	Persons ('000)	Males ('000)	Females ('000)
Aug-66	90.3	42.5	46.9
Sep-66	90.3	42.5	46.9
Oct-66	85.7	38.4	47.7
Nov-66	85.7	38.4	47.7
Dec-66	85.7	38.4	47.7
Jan-67	91.0	44.7	46.1
Feb-67	91.0	44.7	46.1
Mar-67	91.0	44.7	46.1
Apr-67	98.4	46.2	52.0
May-67	98.4	46.2	52.0
Jun-67	98.4	46.2	52.0
Jul-67	97.7	46.5	51.2
Aug-67	97.7	46.5	51.2
Sep-67	97.7	46.5	51.2
Oct-67	92.9	41.7	51.6
Nov-67	92.9	41.7	51.6
Dec-67	92.9	41.7	51.6
Jan-68	94.3	41.8	52.0
Feb-68	94.3	41.8	52.0
Mar-68	94.3	41.8	52.0
Apr-68	97.6	43.4	54.2
May-68	97.6	43.4	54.2
Jun-68	97.6	43.4	54.2
Jul-68	95.5	42.0	53.7
Aug-68	95.5	42.0	53.7
Sep-68	95.5	42.0	53.7
Oct-68	88.1	37.7	50.7
Nov-68	88.1	37.7	50.7
Dec-68	88.1	37.7	50.7
Jan-69	94.9	41.6	52.7
Feb-69	94.9	41.6	52.7
Mar-69	94.9	41.6	52.7
Apr-69	92.5	39.1	53.5
May-69	92.5	39.1	53.5
Jun-69	92.5	39.1	53.5
Jul-69	91.8	38.0	53.1
Aug-69	91.8	38.0	53.1
Sep-69	91.8	38.0	53.1
Oct-69	104.1	45.1	59.3
Nov-69	104.1	45.1	59.3
Dec-69	104.1	45.1	59.3
Jan-70	88.3	37.4	50.6
Feb-70	88.3	37.4	50.6
Mar-70	88.3	37.4	50.6
Apr-70	91.6	38.5	53.4
May-70	91.6	38.5	53.4
Jun-70	91.6	38.5	53.4
Jul-70	91.9	41.9	49.5
Aug-70	91.9	41.9	49.5
Sep-70	91.9	41.9	49.5
Oct-70	90.8	40.7	50.1
Nov-70	90.8	40.7	50.1
Dec-70	90.8	40.7	50.1
Jan-71	97.3	40.9	56.1
Feb-71	97.3	40.9	56.1
Mar-71	97.3	40.9	56.1
Apr-71	106.1	51.0	55.9
May-71	106.1	51.0	55.9
Jun-71	106.1	51.0	55.9
Jul-71	107.7	49.9	57.6
Aug-71	107.7	49.9	57.6
Sep-71	107.7	49.9	57.6
Oct-71	121.8	61.8	59.8
Nov-71	121.8	61.8	59.8
Dec-71	121.8	61.8	59.8
Jan-72	139.0	73.4	65.5
Feb-72	139.0	73.4	65.5
Mar-72	139.0	73.4	65.5
Apr-72	135.0	65.4	70.0
May-72	135.0	65.4	70.0
Jun-72	135.0	65.4	70.0
Jul-72	168.6	85.4	82.6
Aug-72	168.6	85.4	82.6
Sep-72	168.6	85.4	82.6
Oct-72	160.9	73.9	86.9
Nov-72	160.9	73.9	86.9
Dec-72	160.9	73.9	86.9
Jan-73	151.8	69.9	81.4
Feb-73	151.8	69.9	81.4
Mar-73	151.8	69.9	81.4
Apr-73	135.3	65.2	70.9
May-73	135.3	65.2	70.9
Jun-73	135.3	65.2	70.9
Jul-73	125.3	61.1	65.1
Aug-73	125.3	61.1	65.1
Sep-73	125.3	61.1	65.1
Oct-73	126.9	59.9	66.9
Nov-73	126.9	59.9	66.9
Dec-73	126.9	59.9	66.9
Jan-74	128.9	58.5	69.9
Feb-74	128.9	58.5	69.9
Mar-74	128.9	58.5	69.9
Apr-74	129.4	55.0	74.7
May-74	129.4	55.0	74.7
Jun-74	129.4	55.0	74.7
Jul-74	165.1	77.1	87.6
Aug-74	165.1	77.1	87.6
Sep-74	165.1	77.1	87.6
Oct-74	247.1	120.6	127.2
Nov-74	247.1	120.6	127.2
Dec-74	247.1	120.6	127.2
Jan-75	296.5	152.0	145.3
Feb-75	296.5	152.0	145.3
Mar-75	296.5	152.0	145.3
Apr-75	294.2	146.8	146.1
May-75	294.2	146.8	146.1
Jun-75	294.2	146.8	146.1
Jul-75	287.6	140.7	147.2
Aug-75	287.6	140.7	147.2
Sep-75	287.6	140.7	147.2
Oct-75	334.8	160.0	175.8
Nov-75	334.8	160.0	175.8
Dec-75	334.8	160.0	175.8
Jan-76	303.6	157.3	147.0
Feb-76	303.6	157.3	147.0
Mar-76	303.6	157.3	147.0
Apr-76	281.4	143.8	136.1
May-76	281.4	143.8	136.1
Jun-76	281.4	143.8	136.1
Jul-76	302.0	159.1	143.3
Aug-76	302.0	159.1	143.3
Sep-76	302.0	159.1	143.3
Oct-76	304.6	165.7	138.8
Nov-76	304.6	165.7	138.8
Dec-76	304.6	165.7	138.8
Jan-77	329.7	169.7	160.9
Feb-77	329.7	169.7	160.9
Mar-77	329.7	169.7	160.9
Apr-77	359.7	187.4	170.8
May-77	359.7	187.4	170.8
Jun-77	359.7	187.4	170.8
Jul-77	372.2	193.2	179.3
Aug-77	372.2	193.2	179.3
Sep-77	372.2	193.2	179.3
Oct-77	375.9	196.3	179.5
Nov-77	375.9	196.3	179.5
Dec-77	375.9	196.3	179.5
Jan-78	426.9	231.4	195.5
Feb-78	426.9	231.4	195.6
Mar-78	403.9	217.6	186.2
Apr-78	403.3	220.4	182.9
May-78	399.5	215.2	184.3
Jun-78	405.9	225.6	180.4
Jul-78	400.3	221.1	179.2
Aug-78	419.0	231.3	187.7
Sep-78	402.1	224.4	177.8
Oct-78	396.5	222.3	174.2
Nov-78	407.5	225.5	182.1
Dec-78	414.4	224.4	189.9
Jan-79	411.9	223.5	188.4
Feb-79	404.8	219.2	185.5
Mar-79	407.4	222.0	185.5
Apr-79	421.6	228.9	192.7
May-79	401.6	216.2	185.4
Jun-79	406.7	216.6	190.1
Jul-79	408.2	212.4	195.8
Aug-79	398.5	205.9	192.6
Sep-79	406.7	207.4	199.3
Oct-79	419.6	209.8	209.8
Nov-79	397.7	200.9	196.9
Dec-79	403.2	208.6	194.7
Jan-80	406.4	218.0	188.4
Feb-80	397.1	209.7	187.4
Mar-80	393.4	210.1	183.3
Apr-80	406.9	216.3	190.6
May-80	417.6	225.0	192.7
Jun-80	423.6	220.3	203.3
Jul-80	408.2	215.0	193.2
Aug-80	415.9	218.1	197.7
Sep-80	413.5	216.4	197.0
Oct-80	406.6	208.2	198.4
Nov-80	393.3	199.2	194.1
Dec-80	409.2	209.6	199.5
Jan-81	399.8	210.4	189.5
Feb-81	379.3	200.5	178.7
Mar-81	388.8	200.6	188.2
Apr-81	376.7	194.9	181.8
May-81	379.2	197.0	182.2
Jun-81	364.7	190.3	174.3
Jul-81	397.3	205.3	192.0
Aug-81	399.6	206.9	192.6
Sep-81	398.7	213.4	185.3
Oct-81	401.2	214.0	187.2
Nov-81	409.3	218.4	190.9
Dec-81	412.5	217.3	195.2
Jan-82	411.6	215.3	196.4
Feb-82	434.3	229.9	204.4
Mar-82	435.0	233.5	201.4
Apr-82	436.6	235.0	201.6
May-82	454.1	244.3	209.8
Jun-82	466.0	251.2	214.8
Jul-82	474.8	263.9	210.8
Aug-82	483.9	280.4	203.5
Sep-82	513.8	298.5	215.3
Oct-82	579.2	328.6	250.6
Nov-82	603.2	352.8	250.4
Dec-82	653.4	390.1	263.3
Jan-83	645.5	393.8	251.7
Feb-83	672.5	403.8	268.6
Mar-83	691.4	423.1	268.3
Apr-83	704.4	438.9	265.5
May-83	721.1	440.1	281.1
Jun-83	712.6	439.2	273.4
Jul-83	736.7	456.4	280.3
Aug-83	715.2	440.4	274.8
Sep-83	728.4	440.1	288.3
Oct-83	702.6	428.9	273.7
Nov-83	679.1	415.8	263.2
Dec-83	666.4	405.9	260.5
Jan-84	669.4	412.6	256.8
Feb-84	662.1	399.4	262.7
Mar-84	654.0	391.4	262.6
Apr-84	667.4	393.1	274.3
May-84	635.9	385.5	250.4
Jun-84	650.6	387.9	262.7
Jul-84	636.4	379.5	256.9
Aug-84	630.3	391.1	239.2
Sep-84	625.8	380.4	245.4
Oct-84	622.4	376.1	246.3
Nov-84	622.5	368.5	254.0
Dec-84	610.4	366.0	244.4
Jan-85	613.7	369.3	244.4
Feb-85	606.8	359.0	247.8
Mar-85	626.4	377.0	249.4
Apr-85	606.5	366.3	240.2
May-85	607.6	365.3	242.2
Jun-85	624.4	378.4	246.1
Jul-85	604.7	365.3	239.5
Aug-85	597.4	357.8	239.6
Sep-85	593.5	345.7	247.8
Oct-85	575.5	333.5	242.0
Nov-85	592.1	336.7	255.4
Dec-85	576.0	328.7	247.2
Jan-86	581.7	336.7	244.9
Feb-86	599.6	340.0	259.6
Mar-86	594.4	340.6	253.8
Apr-86	598.2	344.2	253.9
May-86	593.0	340.1	252.9
Jun-86	580.7	332.8	247.9
Jul-86	617.2	352.5	264.7
Aug-86	625.8	358.4	267.4
Sep-86	636.3	365.6	270.7
Oct-86	636.1	366.5	269.6
Nov-86	635.9	373.3	262.6
Dec-86	641.1	378.6	262.5
Jan-87	626.4	367.8	258.6
Feb-87	631.2	364.5	266.7
Mar-87	651.5	373.9	277.6
Apr-87	641.4	362.1	279.3
May-87	633.4	368.3	265.1
Jun-87	620.5	365.0	255.5
Jul-87	630.6	363.7	266.9
Aug-87	630.6	356.4	274.2
Sep-87	600.1	347.3	252.7
Oct-87	630.5	367.0	263.5
Nov-87	616.5	355.3	261.2
Dec-87	605.9	345.3	260.6
Jan-88	602.8	339.3	263.5
Feb-88	583.3	329.2	254.2
Mar-88	594.8	334.8	260.1
Apr-88	632.5	353.9	278.7
May-88	591.2	329.9	261.2
Jun-88	602.4	336.4	265.9
Jul-88	535.2	307.9	227.3
Aug-88	563.5	313.9	249.6
Sep-88	555.2	311.0	244.2
Oct-88	546.3	306.7	239.6
Nov-88	530.2	292.3	237.9
Dec-88	551.6	304.7	246.8
Jan-89	551.7	300.1	251.6
Feb-89	540.7	301.7	238.9
Mar-89	516.1	284.9	231.2
Apr-89	506.1	275.4	230.8
May-89	516.7	277.8	238.8
Jun-89	493.4	271.5	221.9
Jul-89	498.1	271.2	226.8
Aug-89	491.3	267.7	223.6
Sep-89	499.6	273.7	225.9
Oct-89	490.6	260.7	229.9
Nov-89	481.8	257.1	224.7
Dec-89	486.3	267.2	219.0
Jan-90	510.4	279.9	230.5
Feb-90	535.7	287.6	248.1
Mar-90	518.2	289.3	228.9
Apr-90	527.1	299.4	227.7
May-90	549.5	310.4	239.1
Jun-90	559.2	309.9	249.3
Jul-90	602.4	344.1	258.2
Aug-90	611.6	346.0	265.6
Sep-90	624.5	360.5	264.0
Oct-90	647.4	377.3	270.1
Nov-90	674.1	404.0	270.0
Dec-90	681.1	401.5	279.6
Jan-91	710.2	417.3	292.9
Feb-91	731.5	433.6	297.9
Mar-91	778.7	466.1	312.5
Apr-91	842.1	503.0	339.1
May-91	807.8	482.0	325.8
Jun-91	807.0	488.5	318.5
Jul-91	818.7	495.8	322.9
Aug-91	828.7	508.2	320.4
Sep-91	852.5	513.0	339.5
Oct-91	845.0	518.5	326.5
Nov-91	862.7	522.0	340.7
Dec-91	891.0	536.4	354.6
Jan-92	880.9	531.0	349.9
Feb-92	888.4	538.5	349.9
Mar-92	894.9	545.6	349.3
Apr-92	891.9	542.7	349.2
May-92	905.3	556.9	348.5
Jun-92	925.5	567.6	357.9
Jul-92	957.7	592.2	365.5
Aug-92	921.2	566.2	355.1
Sep-92	906.9	554.8	352.1
Oct-92	953.6	588.6	365.0
Nov-92	948.5	593.1	355.4
Dec-92	960.1	586.8	373.3
Jan-93	929.6	575.6	354.0
Feb-93	938.4	582.7	355.7
Mar-93	929.5	570.3	359.1
Apr-93	918.5	582.7	335.8
May-93	920.4	579.3	341.1
Jun-93	942.1	586.1	355.9
Jul-93	936.5	578.0	358.5
Aug-93	944.0	576.9	367.1
Sep-93	923.1	555.8	367.2
Oct-93	949.9	572.1	377.7
Nov-93	950.3	563.9	386.5
Dec-93	933.5	564.2	369.2
Jan-94	917.6	549.1	368.5
Feb-94	904.0	544.1	359.9
Mar-94	901.8	545.0	356.8
Apr-94	874.0	521.9	352.1
May-94	850.0	508.7	341.3
Jun-94	857.7	508.4	349.3
Jul-94	846.7	491.8	354.9
Aug-94	827.3	487.5	339.8
Sep-94	823.5	479.3	344.2
Oct-94	797.9	467.1	330.9
Nov-94	804.0	472.0	332.0
Dec-94	788.3	456.8	331.5
Jan-95	782.1	459.7	322.4
Feb-95	783.7	452.7	331.0
Mar-95	763.9	438.5	325.5
Apr-95	735.4	437.8	297.6
May-95	756.1	453.5	302.6
Jun-95	747.6	447.7	299.9
Jul-95	755.0	453.5	301.5
Aug-95	747.4	439.5	307.9
Sep-95	750.4	450.5	300.0
Oct-95	770.4	457.6	312.8
Nov-95	765.1	442.7	322.5
Dec-95	734.9	440.2	294.7
Jan-96	765.4	457.1	308.3
Feb-96	753.2	444.9	308.3
Mar-96	760.0	454.2	305.8
Apr-96	778.4	458.3	320.1
May-96	762.6	440.5	322.1
Jun-96	747.3	436.8	310.4
Jul-96	778.3	442.3	336.0
Aug-96	793.3	465.6	327.6
Sep-96	778.1	449.5	328.6
Oct-96	796.9	462.4	334.5
Nov-96	768.1	447.7	320.4
Dec-96	786.2	451.6	334.6
Jan-97	780.8	449.0	331.8
Feb-97	794.4	461.9	332.5
Mar-97	783.7	463.9	319.8
Apr-97	780.7	455.9	324.8
May-97	778.9	451.7	327.3
Jun-97	757.6	439.1	318.5
Jul-97	784.2	464.0	320.2
Aug-97	770.6	445.3	325.3
Sep-97	736.7	436.6	300.1
Oct-97	732.7	428.3	304.4
Nov-97	733.2	430.7	302.5
Dec-97	724.3	424.4	299.9
Jan-98	720.4	414.6	305.8
Feb-98	712.3	418.5	293.9
Mar-98	723.6	426.7	297.0
Apr-98	698.5	401.6	296.9
May-98	714.4	421.7	292.7
Jun-98	722.9	430.2	292.7
Jul-98	738.1	439.9	298.3
Aug-98	717.2	430.7	286.4
Sep-98	708.6	413.4	295.2
Oct-98	677.4	396.3	281.1
Nov-98	707.0	410.4	296.6
Dec-98	664.5	391.5	272.9
Jan-99	658.0	381.6	276.4
Feb-99	658.3	383.9	274.4
Mar-99	650.1	371.5	278.6
Apr-99	646.9	374.8	272.2
May-99	650.6	378.3	272.3
Jun-99	617.4	356.9	260.4
Jul-99	620.8	360.6	260.2
Aug-99	644.4	376.7	267.7
Sep-99	659.0	379.0	280.1
Oct-99	635.4	368.7	266.6
Nov-99	602.3	345.0	257.4
Dec-99	629.3	369.7	259.6
Jan-00	634.3	361.6	272.7
Feb-00	622.9	347.7	275.2
Mar-00	620.9	347.8	273.1
Apr-00	604.3	338.8	265.5
May-00	607.9	341.9	266.0
Jun-00	580.3	335.6	244.7
Jul-00	569.2	335.1	234.2
Aug-00	578.9	343.8	235.1
Sep-00	569.7	335.9	233.9
Oct-00	572.9	339.5	233.4
Nov-00	594.7	347.7	246.9
Dec-00	595.6	353.0	242.7
Jan-01	585.7	345.0	240.6
Feb-01	622.6	362.3	260.3
Mar-01	618.9	360.0	258.9
Apr-01	655.8	376.1	279.7
May-01	666.8	377.0	289.8
Jun-01	670.8	384.5	286.2
Jul-01	666.7	389.2	277.5
Aug-01	668.5	383.3	285.2
Sep-01	662.9	384.3	278.6
Oct-01	701.1	401.9	299.2
Nov-01	671.0	389.6	281.4
Dec-01	667.7	378.0	289.8
Jan-02	674.8	384.5	290.2
Feb-02	638.2	372.9	265.4
Mar-02	627.5	372.3	255.2
Apr-02	617.8	365.9	251.9
May-02	621.7	362.4	259.3
Jun-02	636.4	356.6	279.7
Jul-02	603.8	341.7	262.1
Aug-02	625.3	355.2	270.1
Sep-02	621.5	346.7	274.8
Oct-02	602.8	336.3	266.5
Nov-02	609.6	337.9	271.7
Dec-02	614.6	345.8	268.8
Jan-03	607.3	343.7	263.7
Feb-03	595.5	334.0	261.5
Mar-03	611.3	333.4	277.9
Apr-03	600.4	340.9	259.4
May-03	605.7	333.7	272.0
Jun-03	602.7	339.2	263.5
Jul-03	609.9	336.6	273.2
Aug-03	580.6	315.7	265.0
Sep-03	576.6	309.1	267.5
Oct-03	578.9	317.1	261.9
Nov-03	565.8	298.2	267.6
Dec-03	569.8	301.3	268.5
Jan-04	553.9	295.1	258.8
Feb-04	566.0	302.7	263.3
Mar-04	546.2	295.2	251.0
Apr-04	554.1	304.8	249.3
May-04	536.9	290.8	246.1
Jun-04	550.7	301.3	249.3
Jul-04	560.5	300.5	259.9
Aug-04	556.8	302.6	254.1
Sep-04	544.3	301.2	243.1
Oct-04	520.8	284.5	236.2
Nov-04	526.9	289.9	237.1
Dec-04	517.5	281.1	236.4
Jan-05	520.8	278.0	242.8
Feb-05	523.6	276.2	247.4
Mar-05	534.3	277.1	257.3
Apr-05	532.0	282.0	250.0
May-05	528.6	279.4	249.3
Jun-05	514.8	271.7	243.0
Jul-05	517.9	270.9	247.1
Aug-05	512.5	280.7	231.9
Sep-05	522.7	282.1	240.7
Oct-05	524.5	283.9	240.6
Nov-05	516.4	284.3	232.1
Dec-05	531.7	291.1	240.7
Jan-06	542.0	294.1	247.8
Feb-06	537.4	293.8	243.6
Mar-06	513.3	279.2	234.2
Apr-06	524.6	277.9	246.7
May-06	507.4	272.5	235.0
Jun-06	510.6	271.7	238.8
Jul-06	496.2	270.7	225.5
Aug-06	503.4	270.4	233.0
Sep-06	500.3	272.5	227.9
Oct-06	476.3	253.4	222.9
Nov-06	483.7	257.7	225.9
Dec-06	492.1	250.8	241.4
Jan-07	490.4	253.9	236.5
Feb-07	500.9	253.2	247.8
Mar-07	482.5	242.9	239.6
Apr-07	475.4	238.9	236.5
May-07	463.3	231.6	231.7
Jun-07	471.1	235.6	235.5
Jul-07	464.0	230.7	233.3
Aug-07	471.0	237.8	233.2
Sep-07	462.4	228.8	233.6
Oct-07	475.0	239.2	235.7
Nov-07	489.2	252.1	237.1
Dec-07	476.4	254.7	221.8
Jan-08	467.7	229.6	238.0
Feb-08	441.3	219.1	222.2
Mar-08	451.1	237.8	213.4
Apr-08	477.0	247.8	229.2
May-08	475.9	244.8	231.1
Jun-08	475.6	242.7	233.0
Jul-08	477.2	233.5	243.7
Aug-08	451.6	227.9	223.7
Sep-08	483.0	248.0	235.0
Oct-08	483.5	245.0	238.5
Nov-08	503.6	255.1	248.4
Dec-08	516.6	284.2	232.4
Jan-09	556.9	310.9	245.9
Feb-09	605.0	326.0	279.1
Mar-09	652.3	357.7	294.7
Apr-09	629.7	354.0	275.7
May-09	664.6	384.7	279.9
Jun-09	669.6	382.8	286.8
Jul-09	649.3	374.0	275.3
Aug-09	654.1	364.3	289.8
Sep-09	648.8	357.7	291.0
Oct-09	644.7	357.3	287.5
Nov-09	638.6	356.0	282.6
Dec-09	632.5	349.8	282.7
Jan-10	607.9	328.6	279.2
Feb-10	611.1	335.7	275.3
Mar-10	626.3	348.7	277.6
Apr-10	636.2	344.7	291.4
May-10	603.4	329.4	274.0
Jun-10	596.1	320.2	276.0
Jul-10	614.9	324.6	290.3
Aug-10	586.4	300.0	286.4
Sep-10	590.3	310.4	279.9
Oct-10	619.6	321.6	298.0
Nov-10	601.1	302.5	298.6
Dec-10	572.6	294.0	278.6
Jan-11	589.8	302.6	287.2
Feb-11	584.9	308.2	276.7
Mar-11	581.0	293.4	287.6
Apr-11	583.2	312.2	271.0
May-11	589.5	303.3	286.2
Jun-11	579.5	300.1	279.5
Jul-11	601.0	314.9	286.2
Aug-11	624.4	336.9	287.5
Sep-11	619.8	330.4	289.4
Oct-11	615.6	335.0	280.6
Nov-11	621.2	329.0	292.2
Dec-11	615.7	314.2	301.5
Jan-12	600.8	316.4	284.4
Feb-12	617.7	327.9	289.8
Mar-12	619.3	327.2	292.1
Apr-12	594.8	316.5	278.3
May-12	623.0	321.7	301.2
Jun-12	617.5	316.9	300.6
Jul-12	619.6	331.9	287.7
Aug-12	617.9	341.7	276.2
Sep-12	661.6	370.7	290.9
Oct-12	651.8	347.0	304.8
Nov-12	631.9	344.4	287.5
Dec-12	654.7	353.1	301.7
Jan-13	652.7	356.3	296.3
Feb-13	654.7	354.8	299.9
Mar-13	683.1	375.0	308.1
Apr-13	678.2	365.8	312.4
May-13	680.5	368.8	311.7
Jun-13	693.1	378.5	314.6
Jul-13	683.5	373.2	310.3
Aug-13	711.4	389.2	322.2
Sep-13	694.6	376.9	317.7
Oct-13	709.7	391.9	317.8
Nov-13	704.9	389.1	315.7
Dec-13	716.1	397.2	318.9
Jan-14	723.0	387.0	336.0
Feb-14	718.1	380.7	337.4
Mar-14	719.3	373.4	345.9
Apr-14	710.3	383.7	326.6
May-14	725.2	382.5	342.7
Jun-14	742.6	401.1	341.5
Jul-14	760.8	410.0	350.9
Aug-14	750.7	402.9	347.9
Sep-14	767.1	402.3	364.8
Oct-14	784.6	415.4	369.2
Nov-14	776.4	422.8	353.6
Dec-14	754.3	399.5	354.7
Jan-15	785.6	428.6	357.0
Feb-15	764.9	414.2	350.6
Mar-15	759.4	409.4	350.1
Apr-15	760.3	412.0	348.3
May-15	739.2	398.9	340.4
Jun-15	749.9	402.8	347.1
Jul-15	788.6	406.3	382.3
Aug-15	763.9	414.5	349.4
Sep-15	774.5	417.2	357.4
Oct-15	746.7	401.6	345.1
Nov-15	740.1	388.1	352.0
Dec-15	725.4	379.9	345.5
Jan-16	763.8	412.8	351.0
Feb-16	719.7	379.5	340.3
Mar-16	714.7	382.5	332.3
Apr-16	713.9	376.8	337.1
May-16	724.1	383.5	340.6
Jun-16	723.1	366.2	356.8
Jul-16	725.6	375.3	350.3
Aug-16	712.5	380.0	332.6
Sep-16	716.3	379.4	336.9
Oct-16	709.7	377.6	332.1
Nov-16	734.9	387.2	347.7
Dec-16	745.4	398.0	347.4
Jan-17	727.0	379.0	348.0
Feb-17	748.8	396.3	352.4
Mar-17	752.4	391.4	361.0
Apr-17	723.0	368.8	354.2
May-17	714.8	377.7	337.1
Jun-17	726.1	381.3	344.9
Jul-17	727.8	385.4	342.4
Aug-17	720.0	382.1	337.9
Sep-17	712.8	377.5	335.4
Oct-17	702.3	366.0	336.3
Nov-17	711.9	376.3	335.5
Dec-17	739.9	398.9	341.0
Jan-18	727.7	381.3	346.3
Feb-18	735.5	389.2	346.3
Mar-18	728.0	384.5	343.5
Apr-18	732.2	391.1	341.1
May-18	712.4	376.0	336.4
Jun-18	708.7	386.7	321.9
Jul-18	704.0	376.6	327.5
Aug-18	704.2	369.9	334.3
Sep-18	669.1	343.4	325.8
Oct-18	668.4	354.5	314.0
Nov-18	684.1	368.2	315.9
Dec-18	672.2	353.7	318.5
Jan-19	677.7	351.7	325.9
Feb-19	666.4	356.2	310.2
Mar-19	683.4	363.3	320.1
Apr-19	704.3	373.8	330.5
May-19	705.1	379.1	326.0
Jun-19	714.5	375.5	339.0
Jul-19	718.9	378.6	340.3
Aug-19	720.0	386.4	333.6
Sep-19	712.2	390.7	321.5
Oct-19	724.0	395.2	328.8
Nov-19	704.7	381.1	323.6
Dec-19	691.6	377.7	313.9
Jan-20	721.3	386.0	335.2
Feb-20	695.3	380.3	315.0
Mar-20	712.9	381.2	331.7
Apr-20	834.9	464.3	370.6
May-20	912.9	491.5	421.4
Jun-20	993.4	527.2	466.3
Jul-20	1,015.8	534.6	481.3
Aug-20	925.1	503.6	421.5
Sep-20	936.8	512.3	424.5
Oct-20	955.2	506.2	449.1
Nov-20	940.0	479.9	460.1
Dec-20	906.4	484.6	421.8
Jan-21	870.5	468.1	402.4
Feb-21	797.7	442.3	355.4
Mar-21	774.4	425.4	349.0
Apr-21	744.4	408.1	336.3
May-21	697.6	387.7	309.9
Jun-21	687.6	375.7	311.9
Jul-21	649.1	337.6	311.5
Aug-21	622.3	338.6	283.7
Sep-21	630.8	319.9	310.9
Oct-21	711.6	365.9	345.7
Nov-21	637.1	333.7	303.4
Dec-21	578.9	306.3	272.6
Jan-22	578.2	313.7	264.6
Feb-22	560.6	307.0	253.6
Mar-22	549.0	305.6	243.4
Apr-22	543.5	294.9	248.6
May-22	551.4	296.2	255.2
Jun-22	506.3	269.9	236.4
Jul-22	488.4	258.3	230.1
Aug-22	498.2	264.4	233.9
Sep-22	507.3	264.3	243.0
Oct-22	487.8	243.9	243.9
Nov-22	495.6	258.4	237.2
Dec-22	503.9	264.8	239.1
Jan-23	525.2	286.8	238.4
Feb-23	510.3	278.0	232.3
Mar-23	509.5	278.3	231.2
Apr-23	532.4	303.8	228.6
May-23	515.9	276.3	239.7

Unemployed people, Australia, August 1966 to May 2023, Seasonally adjusted

["","Persons","Males","Females"]

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February 1978 to May 2023 estimated monthly, before February 1978 estimated quarterly

Source: 6204.0.55.001 Labour Force Historical Timeseries, Australia, 1966-1984, Seasonally adjusted estimates of the labour force by sex and marital status - 1966-1977 and 6202.0 Labour Force, Australia, Table 1

Participation rate, Australia, August 1966 to May 2023, Seasonally adjusted
	Persons (%)	Males (%)	Females (%)
Aug-66	60.2	84.2	36.6
Sep-66	60.2	84.2	36.6
Oct-66	60.2	84.0	36.8
Nov-66	60.2	84.0	36.8
Dec-66	60.2	84.0	36.8
Jan-67	60.2	83.9	37.0
Feb-67	60.2	83.9	37.0
Mar-67	60.2	83.9	37.0
Apr-67	60.2	83.8	37.1
May-67	60.2	83.8	37.1
Jun-67	60.2	83.8	37.1
Jul-67	60.4	83.8	37.5
Aug-67	60.4	83.8	37.5
Sep-67	60.4	83.8	37.5
Oct-67	60.4	83.8	37.4
Nov-67	60.4	83.8	37.4
Dec-67	60.4	83.8	37.4
Jan-68	60.4	83.6	37.7
Feb-68	60.4	83.6	37.7
Mar-68	60.4	83.6	37.7
Apr-68	60.5	83.5	37.9
May-68	60.5	83.5	37.9
Jun-68	60.5	83.5	37.9
Jul-68	60.5	83.4	38.0
Aug-68	60.5	83.4	38.0
Sep-68	60.5	83.4	38.0
Oct-68	60.3	83.3	37.7
Nov-68	60.3	83.3	37.7
Dec-68	60.3	83.3	37.7
Jan-69	60.6	83.4	38.2
Feb-69	60.6	83.4	38.2
Mar-69	60.6	83.4	38.2
Apr-69	60.5	83.1	38.1
May-69	60.5	83.1	38.1
Jun-69	60.5	83.1	38.1
Jul-69	60.5	82.9	38.4
Aug-69	60.5	82.9	38.4
Sep-69	60.5	82.9	38.4
Oct-69	60.9	83.1	39.2
Nov-69	60.9	83.1	39.2
Dec-69	60.9	83.1	39.2
Jan-70	61.0	83.3	39.2
Feb-70	61.0	83.3	39.2
Mar-70	61.0	83.3	39.2
Apr-70	61.4	83.3	39.7
May-70	61.4	83.3	39.7
Jun-70	61.4	83.3	39.7
Jul-70	61.5	83.4	40.0
Aug-70	61.5	83.4	40.0
Sep-70	61.5	83.4	40.0
Oct-70	61.5	83.0	40.4
Nov-70	61.5	83.0	40.4
Dec-70	61.5	83.0	40.4
Jan-71	61.4	82.8	40.5
Feb-71	61.4	82.8	40.5
Mar-71	61.4	82.8	40.5
Apr-71	61.8	83.1	40.9
May-71	61.8	83.1	40.9
Jun-71	61.8	83.1	40.9
Jul-71	61.3	82.7	40.4
Aug-71	61.3	82.7	40.4
Sep-71	61.3	82.7	40.4
Oct-71	61.1	82.6	39.9
Nov-71	61.1	82.6	39.9
Dec-71	61.1	82.6	39.9
Jan-72	61.1	82.6	39.9
Feb-72	61.1	82.6	39.9
Mar-72	61.1	82.6	39.9
Apr-72	61.2	82.6	40.1
May-72	61.2	82.6	40.1
Jun-72	61.2	82.6	40.1
Jul-72	61.7	82.8	41.0
Aug-72	61.7	82.8	41.0
Sep-72	61.7	82.8	41.0
Oct-72	61.9	82.7	41.5
Nov-72	61.9	82.7	41.5
Dec-72	61.9	82.7	41.5
Jan-73	61.8	82.3	41.7
Feb-73	61.8	82.3	41.7
Mar-73	61.8	82.3	41.7
Apr-73	61.6	82.0	41.5
May-73	61.6	82.0	41.5
Jun-73	61.6	82.0	41.5
Jul-73	61.9	82.5	41.9
Aug-73	61.9	82.5	41.9
Sep-73	61.9	82.5	41.9
Oct-73	62.1	82.4	42.1
Nov-73	62.1	82.4	42.1
Dec-73	62.1	82.4	42.1
Jan-74	62.2	82.2	42.7
Feb-74	62.2	82.2	42.7
Mar-74	62.2	82.2	42.7
Apr-74	62.2	81.9	42.8
May-74	62.2	81.9	42.8
Jun-74	62.2	81.9	42.8
Jul-74	61.8	81.4	42.6
Aug-74	61.8	81.4	42.6
Sep-74	61.8	81.4	42.6
Oct-74	62.2	81.6	43.3
Nov-74	62.2	81.6	43.3
Dec-74	62.2	81.6	43.3
Jan-75	62.1	81.5	43.2
Feb-75	62.1	81.5	43.2
Mar-75	62.1	81.5	43.2
Apr-75	62.0	81.2	43.2
May-75	62.0	81.2	43.2
Jun-75	62.0	81.2	43.2
Jul-75	62.0	81.0	43.5
Aug-75	62.0	81.0	43.5
Sep-75	62.0	81.0	43.5
Oct-75	62.7	81.0	44.8
Nov-75	62.7	81.0	44.8
Dec-75	62.7	81.0	44.8
Jan-76	62.3	80.8	44.2
Feb-76	62.3	80.8	44.2
Mar-76	62.3	80.8	44.2
Apr-76	62.2	80.8	43.9
May-76	62.2	80.8	43.9
Jun-76	62.2	80.8	43.9
Jul-76	61.7	80.4	43.4
Aug-76	61.7	80.4	43.4
Sep-76	61.7	80.4	43.4
Oct-76	61.6	80.5	43.1
Nov-76	61.6	80.5	43.1
Dec-76	61.6	80.5	43.1
Jan-77	62.0	80.3	44.0
Feb-77	62.0	80.3	44.0
Mar-77	62.0	80.3	44.0
Apr-77	62.2	80.4	44.4
May-77	62.2	80.4	44.4
Jun-77	62.2	80.4	44.4
Jul-77	62.1	80.2	44.5
Aug-77	62.1	80.2	44.5
Sep-77	62.1	80.2	44.5
Oct-77	61.5	79.7	43.8
Nov-77	61.5	79.7	43.8
Dec-77	61.5	79.7	43.8
Jan-78	61.3	79.5	43.5
Feb-78	61.2	79.5	43.5
Mar-78	61.0	79.1	43.3
Apr-78	61.2	79.2	43.6
May-78	61.1	79.0	43.7
Jun-78	61.1	79.0	43.6
Jul-78	60.9	78.7	43.7
Aug-78	61.1	78.8	43.9
Sep-78	60.8	78.5	43.6
Oct-78	60.7	78.4	43.4
Nov-78	60.6	78.4	43.3
Dec-78	60.8	78.6	43.6
Jan-79	60.7	78.4	43.5
Feb-79	60.7	78.4	43.4
Mar-79	60.5	78.4	43.2
Apr-79	60.7	78.6	43.3
May-79	60.4	78.4	43.0
Jun-79	60.7	78.4	43.4
Jul-79	60.6	78.3	43.4
Aug-79	60.6	78.4	43.3
Sep-79	60.6	78.2	43.4
Oct-79	61.0	78.3	44.1
Nov-79	60.9	78.2	44.1
Dec-79	60.9	78.3	44.0
Jan-80	61.0	78.4	44.2
Feb-80	61.0	78.2	44.4
Mar-80	61.0	78.1	44.4
Apr-80	61.2	78.3	44.6
May-80	61.4	78.6	44.6
Jun-80	61.4	78.3	45.0
Jul-80	61.5	78.3	45.1
Aug-80	61.5	78.5	45.1
Sep-80	61.4	78.3	45.1
Oct-80	61.2	78.1	44.7
Nov-80	61.1	78.1	44.7
Dec-80	61.4	78.5	44.7
Jan-81	61.2	78.4	44.5
Feb-81	61.1	78.2	44.4
Mar-81	61.1	78.3	44.4
Apr-81	61.1	78.1	44.6
May-81	61.1	78.1	44.6
Jun-81	61.0	77.9	44.6
Jul-81	61.1	78.1	44.7
Aug-81	61.2	78.1	44.8
Sep-81	61.3	78.1	45.1
Oct-81	61.0	77.5	44.9
Nov-81	60.8	77.5	44.7
Dec-81	60.8	77.4	44.8
Jan-82	61.1	77.8	44.9
Feb-82	61.0	77.7	44.8
Mar-82	60.8	77.5	44.6
Apr-82	60.9	77.5	44.7
May-82	60.7	77.3	44.6
Jun-82	60.6	77.2	44.5
Jul-82	60.6	77.3	44.4
Aug-82	60.5	77.2	44.4
Sep-82	60.6	77.4	44.3
Oct-82	61.1	77.7	45.0
Nov-82	60.7	77.4	44.5
Dec-82	60.6	77.2	44.6
Jan-83	60.5	77.0	44.4
Feb-83	60.5	77.0	44.6
Mar-83	60.3	76.7	44.4
Apr-83	60.1	76.7	44.0
May-83	60.5	76.8	44.7
Jun-83	60.3	76.7	44.5
Jul-83	60.5	76.7	44.8
Aug-83	60.3	76.5	44.6
Sep-83	60.6	76.8	44.9
Oct-83	60.3	76.5	44.7
Nov-83	60.4	76.4	44.8
Dec-83	60.4	76.5	44.8
Jan-84	60.3	76.5	44.6
Feb-84	60.3	76.4	44.6
Mar-84	60.6	76.6	45.0
Apr-84	60.7	76.4	45.3
May-84	60.5	76.4	45.1
Jun-84	60.7	76.5	45.5
Jul-84	60.6	76.4	45.3
Aug-84	60.4	76.3	45.1
Sep-84	60.6	76.0	45.6
Oct-84	60.4	75.9	45.4
Nov-84	60.5	75.9	45.5
Dec-84	60.3	75.5	45.5
Jan-85	60.3	75.5	45.5
Feb-85	60.7	75.7	46.0
Mar-85	60.5	75.7	45.8
Apr-85	60.4	75.6	45.5
May-85	60.6	75.7	45.9
Jun-85	60.7	75.8	46.1
Jul-85	60.7	75.5	46.3
Aug-85	60.9	75.9	46.3
Sep-85	61.1	76.1	46.6
Oct-85	60.7	75.4	46.5
Nov-85	61.6	76.3	47.3
Dec-85	61.0	75.5	47.0
Jan-86	61.4	75.9	47.2
Feb-86	61.6	75.8	47.8
Mar-86	61.5	75.9	47.6
Apr-86	62.0	76.0	48.4
May-86	61.8	75.7	48.2
Jun-86	61.9	76.1	48.2
Jul-86	62.0	75.7	48.6
Aug-86	61.8	75.8	48.2
Sep-86	62.0	75.9	48.4
Oct-86	62.1	75.7	48.8
Nov-86	61.9	75.5	48.6
Dec-86	61.9	75.7	48.5
Jan-87	61.7	75.3	48.4
Feb-87	61.9	75.3	48.8
Mar-87	62.0	75.6	48.8
Apr-87	62.0	75.3	48.9
May-87	61.8	75.3	48.7
Jun-87	61.9	75.5	48.7
Jul-87	62.3	75.8	49.1
Aug-87	62.0	75.4	48.9
Sep-87	61.6	74.9	48.6
Oct-87	61.9	75.0	49.2
Nov-87	61.6	74.7	48.9
Dec-87	62.0	75.2	49.2
Jan-88	62.4	75.5	49.6
Feb-88	62.0	75.0	49.3
Mar-88	62.3	75.4	49.6
Apr-88	62.8	75.8	50.1
May-88	62.2	75.1	49.6
Jun-88	62.3	75.3	49.7
Jul-88	61.8	75.0	49.1
Aug-88	62.2	74.9	49.9
Sep-88	62.4	75.0	50.1
Oct-88	62.3	75.0	50.0
Nov-88	62.3	75.0	49.9
Dec-88	62.6	75.1	50.3
Jan-89	62.7	75.2	50.6
Feb-89	62.9	75.5	50.8
Mar-89	62.8	75.2	50.7
Apr-89	62.9	75.4	50.7
May-89	63.3	75.6	51.3
Jun-89	63.0	75.4	51.0
Jul-89	63.2	75.6	51.1
Aug-89	63.3	75.6	51.4
Sep-89	63.4	75.5	51.5
Oct-89	63.3	75.3	51.6
Nov-89	63.5	75.6	51.8
Dec-89	63.3	75.3	51.7
Jan-90	63.5	75.6	51.8
Feb-90	63.6	75.4	52.2
Mar-90	63.5	75.4	52.0
Apr-90	63.6	75.5	52.0
May-90	63.9	75.8	52.3
Jun-90	63.9	75.7	52.4
Jul-90	64.1	75.9	52.7
Aug-90	63.9	75.7	52.5
Sep-90	63.7	75.7	52.1
Oct-90	63.7	75.6	52.2
Nov-90	63.7	75.6	52.2
Dec-90	63.7	75.4	52.3
Jan-91	63.3	75.0	52.0
Feb-91	63.5	75.2	52.2
Mar-91	63.4	75.0	52.0
Apr-91	63.7	75.3	52.5
May-91	63.4	74.9	52.2
Jun-91	63.0	74.5	52.0
Jul-91	62.8	74.2	51.9
Aug-91	62.9	74.4	51.7
Sep-91	63.1	74.4	52.1
Oct-91	62.7	74.2	51.6
Nov-91	62.7	74.2	51.5
Dec-91	63.0	74.3	52.0
Jan-92	62.9	74.1	52.0
Feb-92	63.0	74.3	52.1
Mar-92	62.8	74.2	51.9
Apr-92	62.7	74.1	51.7
May-92	62.7	74.2	51.7
Jun-92	62.9	74.3	52.0
Jul-92	63.2	74.6	52.2
Aug-92	63.1	74.3	52.2
Sep-92	62.6	73.8	51.8
Oct-92	63.0	74.3	52.1
Nov-92	62.4	73.5	51.6
Dec-92	62.6	73.8	51.9
Jan-93	62.7	73.9	51.9
Feb-93	62.2	73.3	51.4
Mar-93	62.4	73.5	51.6
Apr-93	62.2	73.5	51.2
May-93	62.1	73.4	51.2
Jun-93	62.4	73.7	51.4
Jul-93	62.3	73.5	51.3
Aug-93	62.4	73.4	51.8
Sep-93	62.4	73.3	51.8
Oct-93	62.9	73.7	52.3
Nov-93	62.9	73.7	52.4
Dec-93	62.8	73.8	52.2
Jan-94	62.8	73.7	52.2
Feb-94	62.8	73.5	52.4
Mar-94	62.8	73.6	52.4
Apr-94	62.6	73.4	52.1
May-94	62.7	73.4	52.3
Jun-94	62.9	73.6	52.4
Jul-94	63.2	73.8	53.0
Aug-94	62.9	73.6	52.6
Sep-94	63.2	73.6	53.1
Oct-94	62.9	73.5	52.7
Nov-94	63.0	73.5	52.8
Dec-94	63.2	73.6	53.0
Jan-95	63.1	73.7	52.9
Feb-95	63.4	74.0	53.2
Mar-95	63.2	73.6	53.2
Apr-95	63.4	73.8	53.3
May-95	63.5	73.8	53.5
Jun-95	63.6	73.8	53.7
Jul-95	63.6	73.8	53.8
Aug-95	63.7	73.9	53.8
Sep-95	63.6	74.0	53.5
Oct-95	63.6	73.6	53.8
Nov-95	64.0	74.0	54.3
Dec-95	63.7	73.8	53.9
Jan-96	63.8	73.9	54.0
Feb-96	63.7	73.9	53.8
Mar-96	63.5	73.5	53.8
Apr-96	63.7	73.9	53.9
May-96	63.6	73.6	53.8
Jun-96	63.4	73.6	53.6
Jul-96	63.6	73.6	53.9
Aug-96	63.6	73.8	53.7
Sep-96	63.4	73.4	53.7
Oct-96	63.5	73.4	53.9
Nov-96	63.2	73.3	53.5
Dec-96	63.4	73.3	53.8
Jan-97	63.4	73.3	53.8
Feb-97	63.4	73.2	53.9
Mar-97	63.2	73.2	53.6
Apr-97	63.1	73.0	53.6
May-97	63.1	72.9	53.6
Jun-97	62.9	72.8	53.3
Jul-97	63.1	73.0	53.6
Aug-97	62.9	72.6	53.4
Sep-97	63.0	72.8	53.6
Oct-97	62.9	72.7	53.3
Nov-97	63.2	73.2	53.6
Dec-97	63.0	72.9	53.4
Jan-98	62.9	72.8	53.4
Feb-98	62.9	72.8	53.3
Mar-98	62.9	72.8	53.3
Apr-98	62.9	72.5	53.5
May-98	62.9	72.7	53.5
Jun-98	63.1	72.8	53.7
Jul-98	63.2	72.8	53.9
Aug-98	63.1	72.6	53.9
Sep-98	63.2	72.9	53.9
Oct-98	63.0	72.5	53.9
Nov-98	63.0	72.7	53.7
Dec-98	62.8	72.3	53.7
Jan-99	62.7	72.2	53.5
Feb-99	62.7	72.3	53.4
Mar-99	62.7	72.3	53.4
Apr-99	62.6	72.2	53.4
May-99	62.5	72.1	53.3
Jun-99	62.6	72.2	53.3
Jul-99	62.7	72.1	53.5
Aug-99	62.8	72.4	53.6
Sep-99	62.9	72.3	53.9
Oct-99	63.0	72.2	54.0
Nov-99	62.7	71.9	53.9
Dec-99	63.1	72.3	54.2
Jan-00	62.7	71.9	53.8
Feb-00	62.9	72.0	54.0
Mar-00	63.1	72.0	54.5
Apr-00	63.2	72.1	54.6
May-00	63.1	72.0	54.5
Jun-00	63.1	72.0	54.5
Jul-00	63.5	72.4	54.9
Aug-00	63.5	72.2	55.1
Sep-00	63.3	72.3	54.8
Oct-00	63.1	72.0	54.6
Nov-00	62.8	71.8	54.1
Dec-00	63.0	71.9	54.4
Jan-01	62.9	71.8	54.4
Feb-01	63.0	71.8	54.7
Mar-01	63.0	71.4	54.9
Apr-01	63.5	71.9	55.4
May-01	63.5	71.9	55.4
Jun-01	63.4	71.8	55.3
Jul-01	63.4	72.1	55.1
Aug-01	63.5	72.0	55.3
Sep-01	63.3	71.9	55.0
Oct-01	63.6	72.1	55.3
Nov-01	63.5	72.0	55.3
Dec-01	63.3	71.8	55.1
Jan-02	63.4	71.8	55.3
Feb-02	63.3	72.0	55.0
Mar-02	63.2	71.8	54.9
Apr-02	63.0	71.7	54.6
May-02	63.1	71.8	54.7
Jun-02	63.3	71.9	55.0
Jul-02	63.1	71.6	54.9
Aug-02	63.5	71.8	55.5
Sep-02	63.4	71.6	55.5
Oct-02	63.3	71.4	55.5
Nov-02	63.6	71.7	55.7
Dec-02	63.8	71.9	56.0
Jan-03	64.0	71.9	56.4
Feb-03	64.0	71.9	56.3
Mar-03	63.7	71.7	56.0
Apr-03	63.5	71.4	56.0
May-03	63.6	71.4	56.2
Jun-03	63.4	71.3	55.8
Jul-03	63.3	71.2	55.7
Aug-03	63.4	71.3	55.8
Sep-03	63.4	71.3	55.8
Oct-03	63.5	71.6	55.7
Nov-03	63.3	71.3	55.6
Dec-03	63.5	71.6	55.6
Jan-04	63.3	71.6	55.3
Feb-04	63.3	71.5	55.4
Mar-04	63.3	71.4	55.5
Apr-04	63.4	71.5	55.5
May-04	63.3	71.4	55.5
Jun-04	63.4	71.6	55.5
Jul-04	63.4	71.4	55.7
Aug-04	63.3	71.1	55.7
Sep-04	63.5	71.5	55.7
Oct-04	63.6	71.5	56.0
Nov-04	63.8	71.7	56.2
Dec-04	63.7	71.5	56.2
Jan-05	64.0	71.8	56.5
Feb-05	64.1	71.8	56.7
Mar-05	64.3	71.9	56.9
Apr-05	64.5	72.3	56.9
May-05	64.3	72.0	56.8
Jun-05	64.4	72.1	57.0
Jul-05	64.5	72.0	57.1
Aug-05	64.6	72.4	57.1
Sep-05	64.5	72.2	57.1
Oct-05	64.5	72.0	57.1
Nov-05	64.4	72.0	57.0
Dec-05	64.5	72.1	57.1
Jan-06	64.4	71.9	57.2
Feb-06	64.5	72.2	57.1
Mar-06	64.5	72.2	57.1
Apr-06	64.6	72.1	57.3
May-06	64.6	71.9	57.4
Jun-06	64.8	72.2	57.6
Jul-06	64.9	72.4	57.7
Aug-06	64.9	72.4	57.8
Sep-06	65.1	72.5	57.9
Oct-06	64.7	72.1	57.5
Nov-06	64.8	72.2	57.7
Dec-06	65.1	72.5	58.0
Jan-07	64.9	72.3	57.8
Feb-07	65.0	72.3	58.0
Mar-07	65.0	72.4	57.8
Apr-07	65.0	72.4	57.8
May-07	65.0	72.4	57.9
Jun-07	65.1	72.6	57.9
Jul-07	65.1	72.5	58.0
Aug-07	65.3	72.6	58.1
Sep-07	65.3	72.5	58.3
Oct-07	65.2	72.3	58.3
Nov-07	65.5	72.8	58.5
Dec-07	65.5	72.8	58.4
Jan-08	65.4	72.6	58.5
Feb-08	65.4	72.6	58.4
Mar-08	65.4	72.6	58.4
Apr-08	65.7	72.7	58.8
May-08	65.4	72.5	58.5
Jun-08	65.6	72.8	58.5
Jul-08	65.6	72.5	58.8
Aug-08	65.5	72.6	58.7
Sep-08	65.5	72.7	58.5
Oct-08	65.4	72.5	58.5
Nov-08	65.4	72.4	58.6
Dec-08	65.4	72.5	58.5
Jan-09	65.5	72.4	58.8
Feb-09	65.7	72.4	59.2
Mar-09	65.7	72.4	59.1
Apr-09	65.6	72.4	58.9
May-09	65.5	72.4	58.9
Jun-09	65.4	72.2	58.7
Jul-09	65.4	72.3	58.7
Aug-09	65.3	72.2	58.5
Sep-09	65.3	72.2	58.5
Oct-09	65.2	72.1	58.5
Nov-09	65.3	72.1	58.6
Dec-09	65.4	72.3	58.6
Jan-10	65.4	72.4	58.6
Feb-10	65.2	72.3	58.3
Mar-10	65.2	72.2	58.4
Apr-10	65.3	72.3	58.4
May-10	65.0	72.0	58.3
Jun-10	65.2	72.1	58.5
Jul-10	65.4	72.2	58.7
Aug-10	65.4	72.2	58.7
Sep-10	65.5	72.5	58.7
Oct-10	65.7	72.6	58.9
Nov-10	65.8	72.7	59.1
Dec-10	65.6	72.6	58.8
Jan-11	65.8	72.8	58.9
Feb-11	65.5	72.5	58.7
Mar-11	65.6	72.4	59.0
Apr-11	65.4	72.2	58.7
May-11	65.3	72.0	58.7
Jun-11	65.3	71.9	58.9
Jul-11	65.4	72.0	59.0
Aug-11	65.5	72.2	59.0
Sep-11	65.5	72.1	59.1
Oct-11	65.4	72.1	58.9
Nov-11	65.4	72.0	58.9
Dec-11	65.1	71.8	58.6
Jan-12	65.3	72.2	58.7
Feb-12	65.1	71.8	58.6
Mar-12	65.3	71.8	59.1
Apr-12	65.1	71.7	58.6
May-12	65.3	71.8	59.1
Jun-12	65.1	71.6	58.8
Jul-12	65.1	71.5	58.8
Aug-12	65.0	71.6	58.6
Sep-12	65.3	71.8	59.0
Oct-12	65.2	71.8	58.8
Nov-12	65.0	71.5	58.6
Dec-12	65.0	71.7	58.6
Jan-13	65.3	72.0	58.8
Feb-13	65.2	71.7	58.9
Mar-13	65.1	71.5	58.8
Apr-13	65.1	71.5	59.0
May-13	65.0	71.6	58.7
Jun-13	65.1	71.6	58.7
Jul-13	64.9	71.3	58.6
Aug-13	64.9	71.3	58.7
Sep-13	64.8	71.2	58.7
Oct-13	64.8	71.2	58.7
Nov-13	64.6	71.0	58.4
Dec-13	64.5	70.9	58.2
Jan-14	64.6	70.8	58.5
Feb-14	64.6	70.7	58.6
Mar-14	64.7	70.9	58.8
Apr-14	64.7	71.0	58.5
May-14	64.6	70.7	58.6
Jun-14	64.7	70.9	58.7
Jul-14	64.8	71.0	58.7
Aug-14	64.7	70.9	58.6
Sep-14	64.7	70.8	58.8
Oct-14	64.7	70.8	58.7
Nov-14	64.5	71.1	58.2
Dec-14	64.6	70.8	58.6
Jan-15	64.8	71.1	58.6
Feb-15	64.9	71.2	58.8
Mar-15	64.9	71.3	58.7
Apr-15	64.8	71.1	58.7
May-15	64.8	71.0	58.9
Jun-15	64.8	70.9	59.0
Jul-15	65.1	71.1	59.3
Aug-15	64.9	71.0	59.1
Sep-15	65.0	71.0	59.2
Oct-15	65.2	71.1	59.4
Nov-15	65.2	70.9	59.7
Dec-15	65.1	70.9	59.5
Jan-16	65.3	71.3	59.4
Feb-16	65.0	70.7	59.4
Mar-16	64.9	70.8	59.3
Apr-16	64.9	70.5	59.4
May-16	64.8	70.6	59.3
Jun-16	64.9	70.4	59.6
Jul-16	65.0	70.6	59.5
Aug-16	64.7	70.5	59.1
Sep-16	64.5	70.1	59.1
Oct-16	64.6	70.3	59.0
Nov-16	64.7	70.3	59.3
Dec-16	64.8	70.5	59.3
Jan-17	64.7	70.3	59.4
Feb-17	64.7	70.4	59.2
Mar-17	64.9	70.5	59.5
Apr-17	64.9	70.6	59.4
May-17	64.9	70.6	59.5
Jun-17	65.1	70.6	59.8
Jul-17	65.2	70.8	59.7
Aug-17	65.3	70.8	60.0
Sep-17	65.4	70.8	60.1
Oct-17	65.3	70.7	60.1
Nov-17	65.5	70.9	60.3
Dec-17	65.8	71.1	60.6
Jan-18	65.8	71.3	60.6
Feb-18	65.7	71.0	60.5
Mar-18	65.6	70.8	60.6
Apr-18	65.6	70.9	60.5
May-18	65.4	70.7	60.3
Jun-18	65.7	71.0	60.6
Jul-18	65.5	71.0	60.2
Aug-18	65.7	71.1	60.4
Sep-18	65.5	70.9	60.3
Oct-18	65.5	70.9	60.4
Nov-18	65.7	71.0	60.5
Dec-18	65.7	71.0	60.5
Jan-19	65.8	71.1	60.7
Feb-19	65.5	70.7	60.5
Mar-19	65.7	70.9	60.6
Apr-19	65.9	71.0	61.0
May-19	66.0	71.5	60.6
Jun-19	66.0	71.4	60.9
Jul-19	66.1	71.4	60.9
Aug-19	66.2	71.4	61.2
Sep-19	66.2	71.3	61.3
Oct-19	66.0	71.0	61.1
Nov-19	65.9	70.9	61.1
Dec-19	65.9	70.9	61.1
Jan-20	66.1	70.8	61.5
Feb-20	65.9	70.8	61.1
Mar-20	65.8	70.7	61.1
Apr-20	63.6	68.8	58.5
May-20	62.5	67.9	57.3
Jun-20	64.0	69.2	59.1
Jul-20	64.7	69.8	59.7
Aug-20	65.0	70.0	60.2
Sep-20	64.9	69.9	60.2
Oct-20	65.7	70.8	60.8
Nov-20	66.0	71.0	61.2
Dec-20	66.1	71.0	61.4
Jan-21	66.1	71.2	61.1
Feb-21	66.0	71.0	61.3
Mar-21	66.2	70.9	61.7
Apr-21	66.0	70.8	61.3
May-21	66.1	70.9	61.5
Jun-21	66.2	71.1	61.5
Jul-21	66.0	70.9	61.3
Aug-21	65.2	70.2	60.5
Sep-21	64.7	69.5	60.1
Oct-21	64.8	69.7	60.0
Nov-21	66.1	70.7	61.6
Dec-21	66.2	70.9	61.6
Jan-22	66.3	70.6	62.1
Feb-22	66.5	70.8	62.3
Mar-22	66.4	70.9	62.1
Apr-22	66.5	70.9	62.2
May-22	66.7	71.3	62.2
Jun-22	66.8	71.3	62.4
Jul-22	66.5	71.1	62.2
Aug-22	66.7	71.2	62.4
Sep-22	66.7	71.3	62.3
Oct-22	66.6	71.1	62.3
Nov-22	66.8	71.3	62.5
Dec-22	66.7	71.1	62.4
Jan-23	66.7	71.3	62.2
Feb-23	66.7	71.3	62.2
Mar-23	66.8	71.2	62.6
Apr-23	66.7	71.2	62.5
May-23	66.9	71.2	62.7

Participation rate, Australia, August 1966 to May 2023, Seasonally adjusted

["","Persons","Males","Females"]

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February 1978 to May 2023 estimated monthly, before February 1978 estimated quarterly

Source: 6204.0.55.001 Labour Force Historical Timeseries, Australia, 1966-1984, Seasonally adjusted estimates of the labour force by sex and marital status - 1966-1977 and 6202.0 Labour Force, Australia, Table 1

Rotation group analysis

Sample composition and rotation

Estimates for the incoming and outgoing rotation groups

Incoming and outgoing rotation groups
	April outgoing rotation group	May incoming rotation group	May outgoing rotation group	May estimate (Original)
Employment to population ratio	63.4%	65.1%	66.4%	64.9%
Full-time employment to population ratio	44.2%	45.3%	46.5%	45.3%
Unemployment rate	3.4%	4.2%	3.0%	3.5%
Participation rate	65.7%	68.0%	68.5%	67.3%

States and Territories

Comparability with seasonally adjusted and trend data

Contribution from sample components to estimates

Data files

Download xlsx [42.21 KB]

Data downloads

Labour Force Survey results are released in three stages.

Spreadsheets of the headline indicators are published in this release
Additional, more detailed spreadsheets and pivot tables are published in Labour Force, Australia, Detailed one week after this first release
Longitudinal labour force microdata are released in the ABS DataLab on a monthly basis, one day after the detailed release (see Microdata: Longitudinal Labour Force, Australia)

See the Survey output section of Labour Force, Australia methodology for more information.

Labour Force status

Data files

Table 1. Labour force status by Sex, Australia - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original
Download xlsx [709.04 KB]
Table 4. Labour force status by Sex, New South Wales - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original
Download xlsx [524.78 KB]
Table 5. Labour force status by Sex, Victoria - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original
Download xlsx [524.49 KB]
Table 6. Labour force status by Sex, Queensland - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original
Download xlsx [526.89 KB]
Table 7. Labour force status by Sex, South Australia - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original
Download xlsx [520.73 KB]
Table 8. Labour force status by Sex, Western Australia - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original
Download xlsx [524.4 KB]
Table 9. Labour force status by Sex, Tasmania - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original
Download xlsx [523.07 KB]
Table 10. Labour force status by Sex, Northern Territory - Trend and Original
Download xlsx [474.62 KB]
Table 10a. Labour force status by Sex, Northern Territory - Seasonally adjusted
Download xlsx [163.27 KB]
Table 11. Labour force status by Sex, Australian Capital Territory - Trend and Original
Download xlsx [429.41 KB]
Table 11a. Labour force status by Sex, Australian Capital Territory - Seasonally adjusted
Download xlsx [163.48 KB]
Table 12. Labour force status by Sex, State and Territory - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original
Download xlsx [4.33 MB]
Table 12a. Labour force status by Sex, Territory - Seasonally adjusted
Download xlsx [279.55 KB]
Table 13. Labour force status for 15-24 year olds by Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original
Download xlsx [694.68 KB]
Table 15. Labour force status for 15-24 year olds by Educational attendance (full-time) and Sex
Download xlsx [780.83 KB]
Table 16. Labour force status for 15-24 year olds by State, Territory and Educational attendance (full-time)
Download xlsx [2.39 MB]
Table 17. Labour force status for 15-19 year olds by Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original
Download xlsx [588.49 KB]
Table 18. Labour force status for 15-64 year olds by Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original
Download xlsx [704.98 KB]

Hours worked

Data files

Table 19. Monthly hours worked in all jobs by Employed full-time, part-time and Sex and by State and Territory - Trend and Seasonally adjusted
Download xlsx [257.84 KB]
Table 19a. Monthly hours worked in all jobs by Employed full-time, part-time and Sex and Territory - Seasonally adjusted
Download xlsx [60.76 KB]
Table 21. Quarterly hours worked in all jobs by Market and Non-market sector - Seasonally adjusted
Download xlsx [57.5 KB]
EM2a - Employed persons who worked fewer hours than usual by hours actually worked in all jobs and sex, January 1991 onwards (pivot table)
Download xlsx [21.82 MB]
EM2b - Employed persons who worked fewer hours than usual by hours actually worked in all jobs, state and territory, January 1991 onwards (pivot table)
Download xlsx [10.15 MB]

Underemployment and underutilisation

Data files

Table 22. Underutilised persons by Age and Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original
Download xlsx [4.83 MB]
Table 23. Underutilised persons by State and Territory and Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original
Download xlsx [5.9 MB]
Table 23a. Underutilised persons by Territory and Sex - Seasonally adjusted
Download xlsx [403.43 KB]
Table 24. Underutilised persons by Age and Sex (expanded analytical series)
Download xlsx [462.12 KB]
Table 25. Underutilised persons by State, Territory and Sex (expanded analytical series)
Download xlsx [381.68 KB]

Flows into and out of employment

GM1 - Labour force status and Gross changes (flows) by Age, Sex, State and Territory, February 1991 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [96.67 MB]

All time series spreadsheets

Data files

Download zip [26.37 MB]

Data Explorer datasets

Caution: Data in the Data Explorer is currently released after the 11:30am release on the ABS website. Please check the time period when using Data Explorer.

For information on Data Explorer and how it works, see the Data Explorer user guide.

Labour Force status by Sex, State and Territory - Number of people employed, unemployed and not in the labour force, monthly, February 1978 and onwards.

Labour Force monthly hours worked by Sex, State and Territory - Monthly hours worked by employed people, monthly, July 1978 and onwards.

APA

Labour Force, Australia

APA

Key statistics

Survey impacts and changes

Articles and other information

Quarterly rebenchmarking of labour force statistics

Survey response and timeline

Unemployment

Employment

Flows into and out of employment

Full-time and part-time employment

Employment-to-population ratio

Hours worked

Participation

Underemployment

States and Territories

Historical charts

Historical charts for employed, unemployed, unemployment rate and participation rate from August 1966 to May 2023

Rotation group analysis

Sample composition and rotation

Estimates for the incoming and outgoing rotation groups

States and Territories

Comparability with seasonally adjusted and trend data

Contribution from sample components to estimates

Data downloads

Labour Force status

Table 1. Labour force status by Sex, Australia - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 4. Labour force status by Sex, New South Wales - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 5. Labour force status by Sex, Victoria - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 6. Labour force status by Sex, Queensland - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 7. Labour force status by Sex, South Australia - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 8. Labour force status by Sex, Western Australia - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 9. Labour force status by Sex, Tasmania - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 10. Labour force status by Sex, Northern Territory - Trend and Original

Table 10a. Labour force status by Sex, Northern Territory - Seasonally adjusted

Table 11. Labour force status by Sex, Australian Capital Territory - Trend and Original

Table 11a. Labour force status by Sex, Australian Capital Territory - Seasonally adjusted

Table 12. Labour force status by Sex, State and Territory - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 12a. Labour force status by Sex, Territory - Seasonally adjusted

Table 13. Labour force status for 15-24 year olds by Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 15. Labour force status for 15-24 year olds by Educational attendance (full-time) and Sex

Table 16. Labour force status for 15-24 year olds by State, Territory and Educational attendance (full-time)

Table 17. Labour force status for 15-19 year olds by Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 18. Labour force status for 15-64 year olds by Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Hours worked

Table 19. Monthly hours worked in all jobs by Employed full-time, part-time and Sex and by State and Territory - Trend and Seasonally adjusted

Table 19a. Monthly hours worked in all jobs by Employed full-time, part-time and Sex and Territory - Seasonally adjusted

Table 21. Quarterly hours worked in all jobs by Market and Non-market sector - Seasonally adjusted

EM2a - Employed persons who worked fewer hours than usual by hours actually worked in all jobs and sex, January 1991 onwards (pivot table)

EM2b - Employed persons who worked fewer hours than usual by hours actually worked in all jobs, state and territory, January 1991 onwards (pivot table)

Underemployment and underutilisation

Table 22. Underutilised persons by Age and Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 23. Underutilised persons by State and Territory and Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 23a. Underutilised persons by Territory and Sex - Seasonally adjusted

Table 24. Underutilised persons by Age and Sex (expanded analytical series)

Table 25. Underutilised persons by State, Territory and Sex (expanded analytical series)

Flows into and out of employment

GM1 - Labour force status and Gross changes (flows) by Age, Sex, State and Territory, February 1991 onwards

All time series spreadsheets

All time series spreadsheets

Data Explorer datasets

Article archive

Understanding the labour force

Employment and jobs

Unemployment and underemployment

Hours worked

Regional estimates

LFS content and output

Methodology

Previous catalogue number

Methodology

Media releases

Unemployment rate falls to 3.6% in May

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