Rent affordability indicator (RAID)

Latest release
Census of Population and Housing: Census dictionary
Reference period
2026

Definition

This variable shows whether renting households are paying more or less than 30% of their household income on rent. This 30% threshold is widely used in housing research and policy to indicate housing stress. 

Scope

Occupied private dwellings being rented 

Categories

CodeCategory
1 Households where rent repayments are less than or equal to 30% of household income 
2 Households where rent repayments are more than 30% of household income 
3 Unable to be determined 
@ Not applicable 

Number of categories:  4 

Not applicable (@) category comprises: 

  • unoccupied private dwellings 
  • visitor only households 
  • non-private dwellings 
  • migratory, offshore and shipping SA1s 
  • other non-classifiable dwellings 
  • tenure type (TEND) - 'Owned outright', 'Owned with a mortgage', 'Purchased under a shared equity scheme', 'Occupied rent-free', 'Occupied under a life tenure scheme', 'Other', 'Not stated', 'Not applicable' 

See Understanding supplementary codes for more information.   

Question(s) from the Census form

What is the total of all income the person usually receives?

Is this dwelling: (please open this section to view response categories)

How much does the household pay for this dwelling?

How this variable is created

This variable is calculated by dividing rent (weekly) dollar values (RNTD) by imputed household income, with both values expressed as single dollar amounts. This calculation classifies households into two groups: 

  • those spending 30% or less of their income on rent 
  • those spending more than 30% of their income on rent 

Household income is described as imputed because the Census collects income in ranges, rather than exact amounts. To create a household income value, a specific dollar amount is assigned to each person using the Person Level Integrated Data Asset (PLIDA). Further information is available in the total household weekly income (HIND) variable page. 

Rent payments are collected as a single stated dollar amount. 

The rent affordability indicator is coded as ‘Unable to be determined’ when any of the following apply: 

  • RNTD is not stated 
  • at least one resident aged 15 or over was away on Census night or did not report their total personal income (INCP) 
  • no residents aged 15 or over who were at home reported their INCP 

History and changes

This variable was introduced in the 2021 Census.  

In 2026, the calculation of the imputed household income used PLIDA as the source of the median value of a person’s income range. Previously these were based on the Survey of Income and Housing. 

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