Producer Price Indexes, Australia, December 2025

What are the Producer Price Indexes?

What is Final demand?

Quarterly overview

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Final demand rose 0.8% this quarter, and 3.5% throughout the year to December quarter 2025.

The rise was primarily driven by growth across the Services industries and the Construction industry. Demand for residential rental accommodation continues to outpace supply, contributing to rising prices received by property operators. Demand for House construction continued to gradually build, influencing higher prices.

In addition to strong ongoing demand for long term rental property, short term accommodation prices increased due to seasonal high demand and major sporting events taking place during spring and early summer.

Final demand, quarterly and annual percentage change and index
Quarter	index no.	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Dec-20	112.3	0.5	-0.1
Mar-21	112.8	0.4	0.2
Jun-21	113.6	0.7	2.2
Sep-21	114.9	1.1	2.9
Dec-21	116.4	1.3	3.7
Mar-22	118.3	1.6	4.9
Jun-22	120.0	1.4	5.6
Sep-22	122.3	1.9	6.4
Dec-22	123.2	0.7	5.8
Mar-23	124.1	0.7	4.9
Jun-23	124.7	0.5	3.9
Sep-23	127.0	1.8	3.8
Dec-23	128.2	0.9	4.1
Mar-24	129.4	0.9	4.3
Jun-24	130.7	1.0	4.8
Sep-24	132.0	1.0	3.9
Dec-24	133.0	0.8	3.7
Mar-25	134.2	0.9	3.7
Jun-25	135.2	0.7	3.4
Sep-25	136.6	1.0	3.5
Dec-25	137.7	0.8	3.5

Final demand, quarterly and annual percentage change and index

["Quarter","index no.","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23","Mar-24","Jun-24","Sep-24","Dec-24","Mar-25","Jun-25","Sep-25","Dec-25"],[[112.3],[112.8],[113.6],[114.9],[116.4],[118.3],[120],[122.3],[123.2],[124.1],[124.7],[127],[128.2],[129.4],[130.7],[132],[133],[134.2],[135.2],[136.6],[137.7]],[[0.5],[0.4],[0.7],[1.1],[1.3],[1.6],[1.4],[1.9],[0.7],[0.7],[0.5],[1.8],[0.9],[0.9],[1],[1],[0.8],[0.9],[0.7],[1],[0.8]],[[-0.1],[0.2],[2.2],[2.9],[3.7],[4.9],[5.6],[6.4],[5.8],[4.9],[3.9],[3.8],[4.1],[4.3],[4.8],[3.9],[3.7],[3.7],[3.4],[3.5],[3.5]]]

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The main contributors to the quarterly growth in Final demand were:

Property operators (+0.9%), due to high demand and rising rents for residential properties.
Residential Building construction (+1.3%), due to a modest increase in demand for property.

There were no significant negative price movements offsetting the price rises for the quarter.

Construction

Input to the House construction industry

Input to House construction prices rose 0.2%

Prices for input materials used in House construction were largely unchanged this quarter, with most materials recording no or minimal price movement. The slight rise this quarter was largely driven by rising costs of raw materials used in manufactured construction products. Ceramic products experienced the largest increase, with key businesses implementing annual price reviews during the quarter, incorporating rises in energy, wages, fuel and other raw materials costs. Timber, board and joinery prices also increased, driven by raw material and labour cost increases. While structural softwood prices fell for the quarter, previous rises for raw pine and hardwood are still flowing through to intermediate timber products this quarter. Cement products rose, driven by elevated energy costs, wages and fuel costs.

Offsetting the price rise were falls in other materials as suppliers of plaster products reduced prices to remain competitive.

Over the past twelve months, Input prices to house construction rose 1.8%.

Input to House construction prices, quarterly and annual percentage change and index
Quarter	index no.	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Dec-20	120.5	0.1	1.8
Mar-21	121.8	1.1	2.5
Jun-21	125.0	2.6	4.0
Sep-21	130.0	4.0	8.0
Dec-21	134.9	3.8	12.0
Mar-22	140.5	4.2	15.4
Jun-22	146.6	4.3	17.3
Sep-22	150.8	2.9	16.0
Dec-22	154.1	2.2	14.2
Mar-23	156.5	1.6	11.4
Jun-23	157.4	0.6	7.4
Sep-23	157.4	0.0	4.4
Dec-23	157.8	0.3	2.4
Mar-24	158.5	0.4	1.3
Jun-24	159.2	0.4	1.1
Sep-24	159.6	0.3	1.4
Dec-24	160.4	0.5	1.6
Mar-25	160.3	-0.1	1.1
Jun-25	161.7	0.9	1.6
Sep-25	163.0	0.8	2.1
Dec-25	163.3	0.2	1.8

Input to House construction prices, quarterly and annual percentage change and index

["Quarter","index no.","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23","Mar-24","Jun-24","Sep-24","Dec-24","Mar-25","Jun-25","Sep-25","Dec-25"],[[120.5],[121.8],[125],[130],[134.9],[140.5],[146.6],[150.8],[154.1],[156.5],[157.4],[157.4],[157.8],[158.5],[159.2],[159.6],[160.4],[160.3],[161.7],[163],[163.3]],[[0.1],[1.1],[2.6],[4],[3.8],[4.2],[4.3],[2.9],[2.2],[1.6],[0.6],[0],[0.3],[0.4],[0.4],[0.3],[0.5],[-0.1],[0.9],[0.8],[0.2]],[[1.8],[2.5],[4],[8],[12],[15.4],[17.3],[16],[14.2],[11.4],[7.4],[4.4],[2.4],[1.3],[1.1],[1.4],[1.6],[1.1],[1.6],[2.1],[1.8]]]

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In building materials, the main contributors to the quarterly rise were:

Ceramic products (+2.4%), driven by terracotta tiles (+5.9%) due to structured price reviews.
Timber, board and joinery (+0.4%), driven by fencing & gates (+4.2%) due to increased material costs.
Cement products (+1.6%), driven by concrete tiles (+2.7%) due to increased energy costs, wages, fuel and other raw materials costs incorporated into price reviews for some businesses.

Partially offsetting the rise were price falls in:

Other materials (-0.6%), driven by plaster products (-1.1%) as some businesses lowered prices to remain competitive.

Input to House construction prices main contributors, quarterly and annual percentage change (a)
Main contributors	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Ceramic products	2.4	2.6
Timber, board and joinery	0.4	2.5
Cement products	1.6	5.2
Other materials	-0.6	1.3

Input to House construction prices main contributors, quarterly and annual percentage change (a)

["Main contributors","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Ceramic products","Timber, board and joinery","Cement products","Other materials"],[[2.4],[0.4],[1.6],[-0.6]],[[2.6],[2.5],[5.2],[1.3]]]

[]

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a. Main contributors are ordered by quarterly contribution to index movement

Capital city price movements (Territory prices are not sampled):

Sydney (+0.1%), driven by fencing and gates (+7.3%).
Melbourne (+0.5%), driven by terracotta tiles (+15.3%).
Brisbane (-0.3%), driven by plaster products (-3.0%).
Adelaide (0.0%), driven by positive contributor fencing and gates (+6.4%) and negative contributor aluminium windows and doors (-6.8%).
Perth (+0.3%), driven by clay bricks (+7.9%).
Hobart (-0.3%), driven by steel beams and sections (-8.6%).

Input to House construction prices, quarterly and annual percentage change, by city
City	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
AUST	0.2	1.8
SYD	0.1	2.0
MEL	0.5	2.2
BRI	-0.3	1.6
ADE	0.0	2.3
PER	0.3	0.6
HOB	-0.3	-0.2

Input to House construction prices, quarterly and annual percentage change, by city

["City","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["AUST","SYD","MEL","BRI","ADE","PER","HOB"],[[0.2],[0.1],[0.5],[-0.3],[0],[0.3],[-0.3]],[[1.8],[2],[2.2],[1.6],[2.3],[0.6],[-0.2]]]

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Output of the Construction industry

Building construction prices rose 1.1%

Quarterly price growth in Building construction outputs was influenced by a moderate rise in demand and the impact of labour cost increases passed through to output prices. Following a period of price falls and soft growth, House construction prices have recorded two consecutive quarters of rises above 1.0%. Demand has gradually improved, with December quarter’s rise of 1.5% the largest since September quarter 2022. Ongoing activity in public sector infrastructure projects continued to drive competition for limited resources such as labour and concrete.

The quarterly price movements by class were:

House construction (+1.5%).
Other residential building construction (+0.9%).
Non-residential building construction (+1.0%).

Over the past twelve months, Building construction prices rose 3.4%.

Output of Building construction prices, quarterly and annual percentage change and index
Quarter	index no.	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Dec-20	116.9	0.6	0.8
Mar-21	117.8	0.8	1.6
Jun-21	120.0	1.9	3.3
Sep-21	122.5	2.1	5.4
Dec-21	126.0	2.9	7.8
Mar-22	129.7	2.9	10.1
Jun-22	134.6	3.8	12.2
Sep-22	138.2	2.7	12.8
Dec-22	140.4	1.6	11.4
Mar-23	141.9	1.1	9.4
Jun-23	143.3	1.0	6.5
Sep-23	145.2	1.3	5.1
Dec-23	148.0	1.9	5.4
Mar-24	150.3	1.6	5.9
Jun-24	152.3	1.3	6.3
Sep-24	153.7	0.9	5.9
Dec-24	154.3	0.4	4.3
Mar-25	154.6	0.2	2.9
Jun-25	155.7	0.7	2.2
Sep-25	157.7	1.3	2.6
Dec-25	159.5	1.1	3.4

Output of Building construction prices, quarterly and annual percentage change and index

["Quarter","index no.","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23","Mar-24","Jun-24","Sep-24","Dec-24","Mar-25","Jun-25","Sep-25","Dec-25"],[[116.9],[117.8],[120],[122.5],[126],[129.7],[134.6],[138.2],[140.4],[141.9],[143.3],[145.2],[148],[150.3],[152.3],[153.7],[154.3],[154.6],[155.7],[157.7],[159.5]],[[0.6],[0.8],[1.9],[2.1],[2.9],[2.9],[3.8],[2.7],[1.6],[1.1],[1],[1.3],[1.9],[1.6],[1.3],[0.9],[0.4],[0.2],[0.7],[1.3],[1.1]],[[0.8],[1.6],[3.3],[5.4],[7.8],[10.1],[12.2],[12.8],[11.4],[9.4],[6.5],[5.1],[5.4],[5.9],[6.3],[5.9],[4.3],[2.9],[2.2],[2.6],[3.4]]]

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House construction prices rose 1.5%

House construction prices recorded a rise of 1.5%. Increasing demand drove prices higher, with base prices rising across all cities except Darwin. South Australia experienced the largest rise in the quarter of 2.4%, followed by Queensland and Western Australia both rising 2.0%. While demand was the main driver of the quarterly price rise, there remains some pressure from material and labour in some states.

Over the past twelve months, House construction prices rose 2.3%.

Output of House construction prices, quarterly and annual percentage change, by state
State	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
AUST	1.5	2.3
NSW	1.1	2.1
VIC	1.0	0.7
QLD	2.0	2.5
SA	2.4	5.2
WA	2.0	4.2
TAS	1.0	6.9
NT	0.0	2.8
ACT	1.5	1.4

Output of House construction prices, quarterly and annual percentage change, by state

["State","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["AUST","NSW","VIC","QLD","SA","WA","TAS","NT","ACT"],[[1.5],[1.1],[1],[2],[2.4],[2],[1],[0],[1.5]],[[2.3],[2.1],[0.7],[2.5],[5.2],[4.2],[6.9],[2.8],[1.4]]]

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Other residential building construction prices rose 0.9%

Growth in Other residential construction prices was primarily driven by New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria. Ongoing skilled labour shortages are continuing to drive increases in labour costs, particularly for trade and site management roles. High rates of insolvency and labour shortages have caused contractors to increase their pricing to reflect higher levels of risk. Prices for steel and timber have stabilised slightly; however, energy-intensive materials such as concrete, bricks and copper have seen price increases driven by elevated energy costs and strong global demand.

Over the past twelve months, Other residential building construction prices rose 3.6%.

Output of Other residential construction prices, quarterly and annual percentage change, by state
State	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
AUST	0.9	3.6
NSW	0.9	3.6
VIC	0.7	2.8
QLD	1.5	6.4
SA	1.1	3.4
WA	1.1	5.5
TAS	0.1	1.9
NT	2.4	7.1
ACT	0.2	0.5

Output of Other residential construction prices, quarterly and annual percentage change, by state

["State","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["AUST","NSW","VIC","QLD","SA","WA","TAS","NT","ACT"],[[0.9],[0.9],[0.7],[1.5],[1.1],[1.1],[0.1],[2.4],[0.2]],[[3.6],[3.6],[2.8],[6.4],[3.4],[5.5],[1.9],[7.1],[0.5]]]

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Non-residential building construction prices rose 1.0%

Non-residential construction prices were driven by rises in New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland. Demand for Non-residential construction continues to be driven by public works, mainly hospitals and schools. Labour shortages across the industry remains the key influence on price rises due to the ongoing demand in public infrastructure and defence projects, as well as heightened insolvencies in the industry. This is particularly the case for larger projects competing for skilled trades and project managers. Labour shortages and insolvencies are also extending the lifetime of projects, driving up uncertainty and costs. Material costs are stable but elevated, with some pricing pressure on energy intensive materials including concrete, aluminium and copper.

Over the past twelve months, Non-residential building construction prices rose 4.1%.

Output of Non-residential construction prices, quarterly and annual percentage change, by state
State	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
AUST	1.0	4.1
NSW	0.9	3.7
VIC	0.9	3.6
QLD	1.4	6.2
SA	1.1	3.4
WA	0.6	3.9
TAS	0.1	1.4
NT	2.6	9.4
ACT	0.2	0.6

Output of Non-residential construction prices, quarterly and annual percentage change, by state

["State","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["AUST","NSW","VIC","QLD","SA","WA","TAS","NT","ACT"],[[1],[0.9],[0.9],[1.4],[1.1],[0.6],[0.1],[2.6],[0.2]],[[4.1],[3.7],[3.6],[6.2],[3.4],[3.9],[1.4],[9.4],[0.6]]]

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Heavy and civil engineering construction prices rose 0.3%

The main contributors to the rise were:

Other heavy and civil engineering construction (+0.3%), primarily due to increases in wages.
Road and bridge construction (+0.3%), due to increased labour, facility and overhead costs.

Over the past twelve months, Heavy and civil engineering construction prices rose 1.8%.

Output of Heavy and civil engineering construction prices, quarterly percentage change and index
Quarter	index no.	Other heavy & civil (% change)	Road and bridge (% change)
Dec-20	117.6	0.2	0.6
Mar-21	117.9	0.4	-0.2
Jun-21	119.9	1.7	1.7
Sep-21	122.5	2.3	1.4
Dec-21	124.2	1.4	1.3
Mar-22	127.1	2.3	2.7
Jun-22	130.7	2.7	3.0
Sep-22	134.2	2.7	2.7
Dec-22	136.1	1.3	2.1
Mar-23	136.5	0.1	0.9
Jun-23	137.7	1.0	0.4
Sep-23	138.9	0.8	1.4
Dec-23	139.7	0.5	0.9
Mar-24	141.6	1.3	1.5
Jun-24	142.4	0.6	0.2
Sep-24	143.0	0.4	0.8
Dec-24	143.5	0.1	0.8
Mar-25	143.9	0.3	0.4
Jun-25	145.1	0.8	0.8
Sep-25	145.6	0.4	0.1
Dec-25	146.1	0.3	0.3

Output of Heavy and civil engineering construction prices, quarterly percentage change and index

["Quarter","index no.","Other heavy & civil (% change)","Road and bridge (% change)"]

[["Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23","Mar-24","Jun-24","Sep-24","Dec-24","Mar-25","Jun-25","Sep-25","Dec-25"],[[117.6],[117.9],[119.9],[122.5],[124.2],[127.1],[130.7],[134.2],[136.1],[136.5],[137.7],[138.9],[139.7],[141.6],[142.4],[143],[143.5],[143.9],[145.1],[145.6],[146.1]],[[0.2],[0.4],[1.7],[2.3],[1.4],[2.3],[2.7],[2.7],[1.3],[0.1],[1],[0.8],[0.5],[1.3],[0.6],[0.4],[0.1],[0.3],[0.8],[0.4],[0.3]],[[0.6],[-0.2],[1.7],[1.4],[1.3],[2.7],[3],[2.7],[2.1],[0.9],[0.4],[1.4],[0.9],[1.5],[0.2],[0.8],[0.8],[0.4],[0.8],[0.1],[0.3]]]

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Mining

Input to the Coal mining industry

Input to Coal mining industry prices, quarterly and annual percentage change and index
Quarter	index no.	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Dec-20	107.0	-0.3	-2.4
Mar-21	107.6	0.6	-1.9
Jun-21	109.2	1.5	2.7
Sep-21	111.9	2.5	4.3
Dec-21	115.4	3.1	7.9
Mar-22	117.4	1.7	9.1
Jun-22	121.9	3.8	11.6
Sep-22	125.1	2.6	11.8
Dec-22	127.1	1.6	10.1
Mar-23	126.8	-0.2	8.0
Jun-23	127.3	0.4	4.4
Sep-23	131.0	2.9	4.7
Dec-23	133.8	2.1	5.3
Mar-24	132.4	-1.0	4.4
Jun-24	133.3	0.7	4.7
Sep-24	134.1	0.6	2.4
Dec-24	132.1	-1.5	-1.3
Mar-25	135.6	2.6	2.4
Jun-25	133.7	-1.4	0.3
Sep-25	135.9	1.6	1.3
Dec-25	135.6	-0.2	2.6

Output of the Mining industry

Output of Gas extraction, domestic prices, quarterly and annual percentage change and index
Quarter	index no.	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Dec-20	137.8	4.2	-7.4
Mar-21	144.1	4.6	-6.9
Jun-21	151.1	4.9	3.1
Sep-21	165.5	9.5	25.2
Dec-21	173.8	5.0	26.1
Mar-22	190.0	9.3	31.9
Jun-22	215.5	13.4	42.6
Sep-22	262.3	21.7	58.5
Dec-22	215.9	-17.7	24.2
Mar-23	219.3	1.6	15.4
Jun-23	228.4	4.1	6.0
Sep-23	237.5	4.0	-9.5
Dec-23	234.5	-1.3	8.6
Mar-24	235.6	0.5	7.4
Jun-24	241.4	2.5	5.7
Sep-24	245.7	1.8	3.5
Dec-24	240.3	-2.2	2.5
Mar-25	247.8	3.1	5.2
Jun-25	244.6	-1.3	1.3
Sep-25	243.7	-0.4	-0.8
Dec-25	238.7	-2.1	-0.7

Output of Gas extraction, domestic prices, quarterly percentage change, by market (a)
Quarter	East coast (% change)	West coast (% change)
Dec-20	4.9	1.1
Mar-21	5.4	0.3
Jun-21	5.5	0.8
Sep-21	10.4	4.7
Dec-21	6.3	-3.0
Mar-22	11.6	0.4
Jun-22	15.9	2.9
Sep-22	25.8	2.4
Dec-22	-21.7	5.6
Mar-23	3.9	-8.4
Jun-23	4.8	1.3
Sep-23	4.6	0.8
Dec-23	-3.3	9.5
Mar-24	0.1	2.0
Jun-24	3.0	0.0
Sep-24	2.0	1.0
Dec-24	-2.8	0.6
Mar-25	3.6	1.1
Jun-25	-1.3	-1.4
Sep-25	0.0	-2.0
Dec-25	-2.5	-0.1

Manufacturing

Input to the Manufacturing industry

Input to Manufacturing prices rose 4.9%

The continued rise in gold ore prices was the main driver of the overall increase, as persistent global demand pushed the commodity to new record highs throughout the December quarter 2025.

Over the past twelve months, Input to Manufacturing prices rose 11.6%.

Input to Manufacturing prices, quarterly and annual percentage change and index
Quarter	index no.	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Dec-20	115.1	0.3	1.1
Mar-21	117.6	2.2	1.8
Jun-21	122.0	3.7	6.6
Sep-21	127.6	4.6	11.2
Dec-21	131.2	2.8	14.0
Mar-22	139.3	6.2	18.5
Jun-22	143.6	3.1	17.7
Sep-22	145.8	1.5	14.3
Dec-22	145.4	-0.3	10.8
Mar-23	144.9	-0.3	4.0
Jun-23	144.6	-0.2	0.7
Sep-23	142.1	-1.7	-2.5
Dec-23	142.5	0.3	-2.0
Mar-24	143.6	0.8	-0.9
Jun-24	146.8	2.2	1.5
Sep-24	147.5	0.5	3.8
Dec-24	149.6	1.4	5.0
Mar-25	155.4	3.9	8.2
Jun-25	158.0	1.7	7.6
Sep-25	159.1	0.7	7.9
Dec-25	166.9	4.9	11.6

Input to Manufacturing prices, quarterly and annual percentage change and index

["Quarter","index no.","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23","Mar-24","Jun-24","Sep-24","Dec-24","Mar-25","Jun-25","Sep-25","Dec-25"],[[115.1],[117.6],[122],[127.6],[131.2],[139.3],[143.6],[145.8],[145.4],[144.9],[144.6],[142.1],[142.5],[143.6],[146.8],[147.5],[149.6],[155.4],[158],[159.1],[166.9]],[[0.3],[2.2],[3.7],[4.6],[2.8],[6.2],[3.1],[1.5],[-0.3],[-0.3],[-0.2],[-1.7],[0.3],[0.8],[2.2],[0.5],[1.4],[3.9],[1.7],[0.7],[4.9]],[[1.1],[1.8],[6.6],[11.2],[14],[18.5],[17.7],[14.3],[10.8],[4],[0.7],[-2.5],[-2],[-0.9],[1.5],[3.8],[5],[8.2],[7.6],[7.9],[11.6]]]

[]

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The main contributors to the input price rise to the manufacturing industries were:

Metal ore mining (+18.1%), driven by strong demand for gold amid global economic uncertainty. Increased prices for other metal ores including silver, lead, zinc and copper also supported the rise.
Agriculture to manufacturing (+3.7%), due to strong growth in cattle prices as high export demand for beef continues to drive demand for Australian cattle.
Primary metal products to manufacturing (+3.0%), driven by large price rises for base metals including copper and aluminium.

There were no significant negative contributors offsetting price rises this quarter.

Input to Manufacturing prices main contributors, quarterly and annual percentage change (a)
Main contributors	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Metal ore mining	18.1	42.8
Agriculture to Manufacturing	3.7	15.3
Primary metal and metal products	3.0	3.6

Input to Manufacturing prices main contributors, quarterly and annual percentage change (a)

["Main contributors","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Metal ore mining","Agriculture to Manufacturing","Primary metal and metal products"],[[18.1],[3.7],[3]],[[42.8],[15.3],[3.6]]]

[]

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Main contributors are ordered by quarterly contribution to index movement.

Output of the Manufacturing industry

Output of Manufacturing prices rose 3.1%

The rise was largely driven by strong price growth in refined gold, due to sustained demand amid ongoing global geopolitical and economic uncertainty. Gold and other non‑ferrous metals recorded notable price rises over the December quarter 2025, with few other commodities showing movements of similar scale. Australian beef and lamb prices also continued to rise, underpinned by ongoing strong export demand.

Over the past twelve months, Output of Manufacturing prices rose 7.1%.

Output of Manufacturing prices, quarterly and annual percentage change and index
Quarter	index no.	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Dec-20	117.0	0.3	-0.3
Mar-21	118.2	1.0	0.0
Jun-21	121.0	2.4	3.5
Sep-21	125.7	3.9	7.8
Dec-21	130.7	4.0	11.7
Mar-22	136.0	4.1	15.1
Jun-22	142.9	5.1	18.1
Sep-22	143.5	0.4	14.2
Dec-22	144.9	1.0	10.9
Mar-23	144.1	-0.6	6.0
Jun-23	145.0	0.6	1.5
Sep-23	146.2	0.8	1.9
Dec-23	146.7	0.3	1.2
Mar-24	147.1	0.3	2.1
Jun-24	149.9	1.9	3.4
Sep-24	150.7	0.5	3.1
Dec-24	154.2	2.3	5.1
Mar-25	158.0	2.5	7.4
Jun-25	158.7	0.4	5.9
Sep-25	160.1	0.9	6.2
Dec-25	165.1	3.1	7.1

Output of Manufacturing prices, quarterly and annual percentage change and index

["Quarter","index no.","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23","Mar-24","Jun-24","Sep-24","Dec-24","Mar-25","Jun-25","Sep-25","Dec-25"],[[117],[118.2],[121],[125.7],[130.7],[136],[142.9],[143.5],[144.9],[144.1],[145],[146.2],[146.7],[147.1],[149.9],[150.7],[154.2],[158],[158.7],[160.1],[165.1]],[[0.3],[1],[2.4],[3.9],[4],[4.1],[5.1],[0.4],[1],[-0.6],[0.6],[0.8],[0.3],[0.3],[1.9],[0.5],[2.3],[2.5],[0.4],[0.9],[3.1]],[[-0.3],[0],[3.5],[7.8],[11.7],[15.1],[18.1],[14.2],[10.9],[6],[1.5],[1.9],[1.2],[2.1],[3.4],[3.1],[5.1],[7.4],[5.9],[6.2],[7.1]]]

[]

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The main contributors to output price rises were:

Basic non-ferrous metal manufacturing (+15.3%), driven by significant rises for gold due to sustained high demand. In addition, increased prices for zinc, aluminium and silver aided the strong rise.
Meat and meat product manufacturing (+4.5%), driven by ongoing global demand for Australian beef and lamb directly raising export prices, in addition to seasonal domestic high demand and constrained lamb supply.

There were no significant negative contributors offsetting price rises this quarter.

Output of Manufacturing prices main contributors, quarterly and annual percentage change (a)
Main contributors	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Basic non-ferrous metal manufacturing	15.3	28.1
Meat and meat product manufacturing	4.5	12.6

 Output of Manufacturing prices main contributors, quarterly and annual percentage change (a)

["Main contributors","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Basic non-ferrous metal manufacturing","Meat and meat product manufacturing"],[[15.3],[4.5]],[[28.1],[12.6]]]

[]

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[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"%","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

Main contributors are ordered by quarterly contribution to index movement

Services

Output of the Services industries

Accommodation and food services rose for the quarter

Contributing to the rise were:

Accommodation (+10.8%), due to a seasonal increase in demand, major sporting events including the Ashes, continued rises in short-term visitor arrivals and warmer weather.
Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (+0.9%), due to continued rises in input costs.

Over the past twelve months:

Accommodation rose 6.9%.
Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services rose 3.6%.

Output of Accommodation and food services prices quarterly percentage change, by selected group or class
Quarter	Accommodation (% change)	Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (% change)
Dec-22	7.6	2.0
Mar-23	4.2	0.7
Jun-23	-11.4	1.8
Sep-23	3.7	2.0
Dec-23	4.6	0.9
Mar-24	2.7	0.5
Jun-24	-8.8	0.7
Sep-24	2.8	0.8
Dec-24	9.8	0.6
Mar-25	-0.2	0.6
Jun-25	-9.2	0.7
Sep-25	6.4	1.3
Dec-25	10.8	0.9

Output of Accommodation and food services prices quarterly percentage change, by selected group or class

["Quarter","Accommodation","Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services"]

[["Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23","Mar-24","Jun-24","Sep-24","Dec-24","Mar-25","Jun-25","Sep-25","Dec-25"],[[7.6],[4.2],[-11.4],[3.7],[4.6],[2.7],[-8.8],[2.8],[9.8],[-0.2],[-9.2],[6.4],[10.8]],[[2],[0.7],[1.8],[2],[0.9],[0.5],[0.7],[0.8],[0.6],[0.6],[0.7],[1.3],[0.9]]]

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Transport, postal and warehousing services rose for the quarter

Contributing to the rise were:

Air and space transport (+9.6%), due to an overall rise in air passenger transport services in line with the holiday period.
Road freight transport (+1.3%), due to rising petrol prices, annual contract reviews and labour costs.

This was partially offset by:

Water freight transport (-9.7%), due to ongoing competition, low demand and decreased bunker fuel charges.

Over the past twelve months:

Air and space transport rose by 3.7%.
Road freight transport increased by 3.4%.
Water freight transport fell by -21.6%.

Output of Transport, postal and warehousing prices quarterly percentage change, by selected group or class
Quarter	Air and space transport (% change)	Road freight transport (% change)	Water freight transport (% change)
Dec-22	-5.7	0.7	-2.1
Mar-23	-8.6	-0.5	-7.7
Jun-23	-15.3	-1.8	-2.7
Sep-23	-3.0	-0.8	-15.5
Dec-23	-4.9	5.5	-9.2
Mar-24	-24.8	0.1	-16.4
Jun-24	-1.2	-0.1	1.2
Sep-24	-2.7	0.0	4.5
Dec-24	10.9	-1.5	-0.3
Mar-25	-11.1	0.8	2.9
Jun-25	1.4	0.7	-11.3
Sep-25	5.0	0.6	-5.0
Dec-25	9.6	1.3	-9.7

Output of Transport, postal and warehousing prices quarterly percentage change, by selected group or class

["Quarter","Air and space transport","Road freight transport","Water freight transport"]

[["Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23","Mar-24","Jun-24","Sep-24","Dec-24","Mar-25","Jun-25","Sep-25","Dec-25"],[[-5.7],[-8.6],[-15.3],[-3],[-4.9],[-24.8],[-1.2],[-2.7],[10.9],[-11.1],[1.4],[5],[9.6]],[[0.7],[-0.5],[-1.8],[-0.8],[5.5],[0.1],[-0.1],[0],[-1.5],[0.8],[0.7],[0.6],[1.3]],[[-2.1],[-7.7],[-2.7],[-15.5],[-9.2],[-16.4],[1.2],[4.5],[-0.3],[2.9],[-11.3],[-5],[-9.7]]]

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Rental, hiring and real estate services rose for the quarter

Contributing to the rise were:

Non-residential property operators (+0.5%), due to growth in industrial rents and higher office rents across major business precincts.
Motor vehicle and transport equipment rental and hiring (+2.4%), driven by increases in short term, household car rental hire rates due to seasonal demand influences, including major sporting events and school holidays.

This was partially offset by:

Real estate services (-0.2%), due to low advertised listings and increased competition in key markets.

Over the past twelve months:

Non-residential property operators increased by 3.0%.
Motor vehicle and transport equipment rental and hiring increased by 3.1%.
Real estate services decreased by -0.1%.

Output of Rental, hiring and real estate services prices quarterly percentage change, by selected group or class
Quarter	Non-residential property operators (% change)	Motor vehicle and transport equipment rental and hiring (% change)	Real estate services (% change)
Dec-22	1.5	3.7	0.9
Mar-23	2.4	-3.0	-2.8
Jun-23	1.6	-5.7	-0.6
Sep-23	2.1	0.5	-0.4
Dec-23	1.0	-3.7	-1.2
Mar-24	1.9	0.6	1.5
Jun-24	0.9	-2.8	1.4
Sep-24	1.5	2.6	1.7
Dec-24	0.8	-1.9	0.2
Mar-25	1.3	-6.0	-1.5
Jun-25	0.6	1.9	1.8
Sep-25	0.7	5.1	-0.2
Dec-25	0.5	2.4	-0.2

Output of Rental, hiring and real estate services prices quarterly percentage change, by selected group or class

["Quarter","Non-residential property operators","Motor vehicle and transport equipment rental and hiring","Real estate services"]

[["Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23","Mar-24","Jun-24","Sep-24","Dec-24","Mar-25","Jun-25","Sep-25","Dec-25"],[[1.5],[2.4],[1.6],[2.1],[1],[1.9],[0.9],[1.5],[0.8],[1.3],[0.6],[0.7],[0.5]],[[3.7],[-3],[-5.7],[0.5],[-3.7],[0.6],[-2.8],[2.6],[-1.9],[-6],[1.9],[5.1],[2.4]],[[0.9],[-2.8],[-0.6],[-0.4],[-1.2],[1.5],[1.4],[1.7],[0.2],[-1.5],[1.8],[-0.2],[-0.2]]]

[]

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Health care and social assistance rose for the quarter

The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) has acquired a high-quality alternative data source for the childcare index as part of the transition to the complete Monthly Consumer Price Index (CPI). The new data source is an anonymised census of childcare payments and subsidies and is suitable for use in the Producer Price Indexes (PPIs). For PPIs, this data measures the gross fees received by childcare providers (consumer payments plus subsidies), offering a producer perspective distinct from CPI’s consumer focus. This change has been incorporated in the Output to Childcare Services index from the December quarter 2025.

For more information, see Introducing the Consumer Price Indexes' new monthly time series | Australian Bureau of Statistics

Contributing to the rise were:

Medical services (+0.9%), due to rises in Specialist medical services and General practice patient billing.
Childcare services (+1.5%), due to rising operational costs.
Allied health services (+0.6%), driven by rising business costs for dental providers.

Over the past twelve months:

Medical services rose 4.2%.
Childcare services rose 6.2%.
Allied health services rose 3.4%.

Output of Health care and social assistance prices quarterly percentage change, by selected group or class
Quarter	Medical services (% change)	Child care services (% change)	Allied health services (% change)
Dec-22	0.3	0.7	0.6
Mar-23	1.4	1.5	1.1
Jun-23	0.3	0.3	0.4
Sep-23	3.0	5.7	2.5
Dec-23	0.7	0.4	0.3
Mar-24	0.6	1.6	1.2
Jun-24	0.5	0.7	0.4
Sep-24	3.0	3.3	1.7
Dec-24	0.5	0.5	0.4
Mar-25	0.6	1.0	0.6
Jun-25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Sep-25	2.2	3.1	1.9
Dec-25	0.9	1.5	0.6

Output of Health care and social assistance prices quarterly percentage change, by selected group or class

["Quarter","Medical services","Child care services","Allied health services"]

[["Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23","Mar-24","Jun-24","Sep-24","Dec-24","Mar-25","Jun-25","Sep-25","Dec-25"],[[0.3],[1.4],[0.3],[3],[0.7],[0.6],[0.5],[3],[0.5],[0.6],[0.4],[2.2],[0.9]],[[0.7],[1.5],[0.3],[5.7],[0.4],[1.6],[0.7],[3.3],[0.5],[1],[0.4],[3.1],[1.5]],[[0.6],[1.1],[0.4],[2.5],[0.3],[1.2],[0.4],[1.7],[0.4],[0.6],[0.3],[1.9],[0.6]]]

[]

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Analytical series

Childcare Services Cost Index

This analytical series measures changes in prices paid by childcare providers for the goods, services and labour required to provide childcare services to households. This index measures these costs from the perspective of businesses providing childcare services.

The index rose 0.1% in the December quarter 2025, and 3.0% through the year. The quarterly rise was driven by small increases in labour costs (comprising wages and other labour costs such as superannuation payments and payroll taxes). This is the fourth quarter in which Early Childhood Education and Care workers were eligible to receive payments from the Australian Government Worker Retention Payment program.

As noted in the information paper below, increases in wages funded by the government through the Worker Retention Payment program have been treated as a reduction in costs for providers, and have been netted off from the associated wage increases.

This index is supplementary to the Producer Price indexes (PPIs) and does not contribute to the PPI Final demand index. Childcare prices in the PPIs are represented by the Output price index for childcare services (Table 35). The Output price index measures changes in prices received by childcare providers for providing childcare services. The price received by childcare providers includes both fees paid by households and any subsidies received by providers.

For more information on how this index is compiled see the information paper Introducing a new Childcare Services Cost Index.

Childcare Services Cost Index, quarterly and annual percentage change and index
Quarter	index no.	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Dec-22	107.3	0.7	5.6
Mar-23	108.1	0.7	5.7
Jun-23	108.6	0.5	5.4
Sep-23	113.0	4.1	6.0
Dec-23	113.3	0.3	5.6
Mar-24	113.6	0.3	5.1
Jun-24	113.9	0.3	4.9
Sep-24	117.0	2.7	3.5
Dec-24	117.2	0.2	3.4
Mar-25	117.6	0.3	3.5
Jun-25	117.9	0.3	3.5
Sep-25	120.6	2.3	3.1
Dec-25	120.7	0.1	3.0

Childcare Services Cost Index, quarterly and annual percentage change and index

["Quarter","index no.","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23","Mar-24","Jun-24","Sep-24","Dec-24","Mar-25","Jun-25","Sep-25","Dec-25"],[[107.3],[108.1],[108.6],[113],[113.3],[113.6],[113.9],[117],[117.2],[117.6],[117.9],[120.6],[120.7]],[[0.7],[0.7],[0.5],[4.1],[0.3],[0.3],[0.3],[2.7],[0.2],[0.3],[0.3],[2.3],[0.1]],[[5.6],[5.7],[5.4],[6],[5.6],[5.1],[4.9],[3.5],[3.4],[3.5],[3.5],[3.1],[3]]]

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Data downloads

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Time series

Data files

Table 1. Final demand, index numbers and percentage changes
Download xlsx [48.24 KB]
Table 11. Input to the Coal mining industry, index numbers and percentage changes
Download xlsx [49.5 KB]
Table 12. Output of the Manufacturing industries, division, subdivision, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [252.48 KB]
Table 13. Inputs from selected Subdivisions and Groups to the Manufacturing Division, index numbers and percentage changes
Download xlsx [109.47 KB]
Table 14. Input to the Manufacturing industries, subdivision index numbers
Download xlsx [61.9 KB]
Table 17. Output of the Construction industries, subdivision and class index numbers
Download xlsx [79.53 KB]
Table 18. Input to the House construction industry, six state capital cities, weighted average and city, index numbers and percentage changes
Download xlsx [188.77 KB]
Table 20. Output of the Accommodation and food services industries, group index numbers
Download xlsx [47.03 KB]
Table 21. Output of the Transport, postal and warehousing industries, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [59.53 KB]
Table 22. Output of the Information media and telecommunications industries, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [52.78 KB]
Table 23. Output of the Rental, hiring and real estate services industries, subdivision, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [51.69 KB]
Table 24. Output of the Professional, scientific and technical services industries, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [55.75 KB]
Table 25. Output of the Administrative and support services industries, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [53.96 KB]
Table 26. Output of the Public administration and safety industries, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [46.33 KB]
Table 27. Output of the Other services industries, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [48.52 KB]
Table 34. Output of the Education and training industries, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [46.63 KB]
Table 35. Output of the Health care and social assistance industries, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [50.31 KB]
Table 36. Output of the Mining industries, index numbers
Download xlsx [46.25 KB]
Table 37. Childcare Services Cost Index, index numbers and percentage changes
Download xlsx [45.3 KB]

Download all (84.09 KB)

Datacubes

Data files

Table 5. Final demand, contribution to Final demand index by selected subdivision, group, and class, index points
Download xlsx [27.97 KB]
Table 28. Manufacturing industries, contribution to Input to the manufacturing industries index by selected subdivision, group, and class, index points
Download xlsx [26.75 KB]
Table 29. Manufacturing industries, contribution to Output of the manufacturing industries index by subdivision, index points
Download xlsx [23.74 KB]
Table 30. House construction industry, contribution to class index, weighted average of six state capital cities, index points
Download xlsx [23.44 KB]

Data Explorer datasets

Caution: Data in Data Explorer is currently released after the 11:30am release on the ABS website. Please check the reference period when using Data Explorer.

For more information about Data Explorer, refer to the Data Explorer user guide.

Final demand

Construction

Mining industries

Manufacturing

Services

Analytical series

Previous catalogue number

This release previously used catalogue number 6427.0.

Using price indexes

Price indexes in contracts

Price indexes published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) provide summary measures of the movements in various categories of prices over time. They are published primarily for use in government economic analysis. Price indexes are also often used in contracts by businesses and government to adjust payments and/or charges to take account of changes in categories of prices (Indexation Clauses).

Use of Price Indexes in Contracts sets out a range of issues that should be taken into account by parties considering including an Indexation Clause in a contract using an ABS published price index.

APA

Producer Price Indexes, Australia

APA

Key statistics

What are the Producer Price Indexes?

What is Final demand?

Quarterly overview

Seeking feedback

Construction

Input to the House construction industry

Input to House construction prices rose 0.2%

Output of the Construction industry

Building construction prices rose 1.1%

House construction prices rose 1.5%

Other residential building construction prices rose 0.9%

Non-residential building construction prices rose 1.0%

Heavy and civil engineering construction prices rose 0.3%

Mining

Input to the Coal mining industry

Input to Coal mining prices fell 0.2%

Output of the Mining industry

Gas extraction, domestic fell 2.1%

Manufacturing

Input to the Manufacturing industry

Input to Manufacturing prices rose 4.9%

Output of the Manufacturing industry

Output of Manufacturing prices rose 3.1%

Services

Output of the Services industries

Accommodation and food services rose for the quarter

Transport, postal and warehousing services rose for the quarter

Rental, hiring and real estate services rose for the quarter

Health care and social assistance rose for the quarter

Analytical series

Childcare Services Cost Index

Data downloads

Time series

Table 1. Final demand, index numbers and percentage changes

Table 11. Input to the Coal mining industry, index numbers and percentage changes

Table 12. Output of the Manufacturing industries, division, subdivision, group and class index numbers

Table 13. Inputs from selected Subdivisions and Groups to the Manufacturing Division, index numbers and percentage changes

Table 14. Input to the Manufacturing industries, subdivision index numbers

Table 17. Output of the Construction industries, subdivision and class index numbers

Table 18. Input to the House construction industry, six state capital cities, weighted average and city, index numbers and percentage changes

Table 20. Output of the Accommodation and food services industries, group index numbers

Table 21. Output of the Transport, postal and warehousing industries, group and class index numbers

Table 22. Output of the Information media and telecommunications industries, group and class index numbers

Table 23. Output of the Rental, hiring and real estate services industries, subdivision, group and class index numbers

Table 24. Output of the Professional, scientific and technical services industries, group and class index numbers

Table 25. Output of the Administrative and support services industries, group and class index numbers

Table 26. Output of the Public administration and safety industries, group and class index numbers

Table 27. Output of the Other services industries, group and class index numbers

Table 34. Output of the Education and training industries, group and class index numbers

Table 35. Output of the Health care and social assistance industries, group and class index numbers

Table 36. Output of the Mining industries, index numbers

Table 37. Childcare Services Cost Index, index numbers and percentage changes

Datacubes

Table 5. Final demand, contribution to Final demand index by selected subdivision, group, and class, index points

Table 28. Manufacturing industries, contribution to Input to the manufacturing industries index by selected subdivision, group, and class, index points

Table 29. Manufacturing industries, contribution to Output of the manufacturing industries index by subdivision, index points

Table 30. House construction industry, contribution to class index, weighted average of six state capital cities, index points

Data Explorer datasets

Final demand

Construction

Input to the house construction industry

Output of the construction industry

Mining industries

Input to the coal mining industry

Output of the mining industry

Manufacturing

Input to the manufacturing industry

Output of the manufacturing industry

Services

Analytical series

Childcare Services Cost Index

Previous catalogue number

Using price indexes

Price indexes in contracts

Methodology

Scope