The monthly CPI indicator is a measure of inflation and includes statistics about prices for categories of households expenditure
A comprehensive update to the weights for the monthly CPI indicator has been implemented in January 2025 to ensure the weights used in the CPI basket reflect contemporary household spending patterns. The updated 2025 CPI weighting patterns can be found in Annual weight update of the CPI and Living Cost Indexes.
For the quarterly CPI, the updated weights will be implemented in the March 2025 quarter, to be released 30 April.
| Nov 23 to Nov 24 % change | Dec 23 to Dec 24 % change | Jan 24 to Jan 25 % change | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All groups monthly CPI | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.5 | |
| Food and non-alcoholic beverages | 2.9 | 2.7 | 3.3 | |
| Bread and cereal products | 2.7 | 2.2 | 3.0 | |
| Meat and seafood | 2.4 | 4.0 | 4.7 | |
| Dairy and related products | -0.9 | -0.9 | -0.4 | |
| Fruit and vegetables | 6.0 | 4.5 | 7.0 | |
| Food products n.e.c. | 3.3 | 2.9 | 3.1 | |
| Non-alcoholic beverages | 3.6 | 3.1 | 2.7 | |
| Alcohol and tobacco | 6.7 | 5.8 | 6.4 | |
| Alcohol | 4.1 | 3.0 | 3.5 | |
| Tobacco | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.6 | |
| Clothing and footwear | 2.0 | 1.3 | 2.1 | |
| Garments | 1.7 | 0.6 | 0.9 | |
| Housing | 1.2 | 1.5 | 2.1 | |
| Rents | 6.6 | 6.2 | 5.8 | |
| New dwelling purchases by owner-occupiers | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.0 | |
| Electricity | -21.5 | -17.9 | -11.5 | |
| Gas and other household fuels | 5.3 | 4.0 | 6.0 | |
| Furnishings, household equipment and services | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.0 | |
| Health | 3.9 | 4.0 | 4.0 | |
| Transport | -2.4 | 0.7 | 0.5 | |
| Automotive fuel | -10.2 | -1.4 | -1.9 | |
| Communications | 0.1 | -0.1 | -0.6 | |
| Recreation and culture | 3.2 | 1.6 | 0.9 | |
| Holiday travel and accommodation | 3.8 | -0.1 | -0.8 | |
| Education | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.5 | |
| Insurance and financial services | 5.5 | 5.2 | 5.3 | |
| CPI analytical series | ||||
| Seasonally adjusted | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.7 | |
| CPI excluding volatile items* and holiday travel | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.9 | |
| Annual trimmed mean | 3.2 | 2.7 | 2.8 | |
* = Volatile items are Fruit and vegetables and Automotive fuel
The monthly CPI indicator rose 2.5% in the 12 months to January, following a 2.5% rise in the 12 months to December.
The annual movement for the monthly CPI indicator excluding volatile items and holiday travel was 2.9% in January following a 2.7% rise in December. This series excludes Automotive fuel, Fruit and vegetables, and Holiday travel and accommodation.
The annual trimmed mean is an alternative measure of underlying inflation that reduces the impact of irregular or temporary price changes. Annual trimmed mean inflation, which excluded the annual fall in Electricity, alongside other large price rises and falls, was 2.8% in January, up from 2.7% in December.
*Volatile items are Fruit and vegetables and Automotive fuel
Food and non-alcoholic beverage prices rose 3.3% in the 12 months to January, following a 2.7% rise in the 12 months to December.
Fruit and vegetable prices rose 7.0% in the 12 months to January, up from the 4.5% rise in the 12 months to December. The monthly rise in January (+3.3%) follows four consecutive monthly falls. Price rises for avocados, mangos, cucumbers, asparagus and tomatoes drove the January month rise.
Dairy and related products remains the only food category to record an annual fall, following cuts to farmgate milk prices.
Rental prices increased 5.8% in the 12 months to January, following a 6.2% rise to December. In monthly terms, Rental prices rose 0.3%, as easing rental price growth reflected increased vacancy rates across most capital cities.
New dwelling prices, which capture new builds and major renovations, rose 2.0% in the 12 months to January. Price growth has eased in recent months resulting in the weakest annual rise since June 2021. This is due to project home builders offering incentives and promotional offers to entice business. In monthly terms, new dwelling prices fell 0.1% in January.
Electricity prices fell 11.5% in the 12 months to January, following a 17.9% annual fall to December. Electricity rebates remain in place lowering electricity prices for households in annual terms. The annual fall in electricity prices continued to soften as prices rose in January 2025 (+8.9%) as some households in Queensland experienced increases in their electricity bills having used up the $1,000 State government rebate.
Commonwealth $300 rebate | WA $400 State rebate | QLD $1,000 State rebate | TAS $250 State rebate (Renewable Energy Dividend) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rebate method | Applied directly to electricity bills as four equal $75 quarterly instalments in the 2024-25 FY (a) | Applied directly to electricity bills as two equal $200 instalments from July and December 2024 | Applied directly to electricity bills as a one-off $1,000 rebate | Applied directly to electricity bills as a one-off $250 rebate |
| Timing | From July 2024 for WA (b) and QLD. For all remaining States and Territories, from August 2024. (c) and (d) | From July 2024 (b) | From July 2024 | From July 2024 |
Households in all States and Territories except Western Australia received their third instalment of the Commonwealth Energy Bill Relief Fund (EBRF) rebate in January 2025.
The following graph shows the Electricity series including and excluding government electricity rebates. The EBRF rebates were first introduced in July 2023 and were expanded to all households in July 2024. These rebates have had the effect of reducing electricity prices for households. Including government electricity rebates, electricity prices for households have fallen by 8.3% since June 2023. Excluding these rebates, electricity prices for households would have increased 17.0% since June 2023.
June 2023, index = 100
a) Introduction of the 2023-24 Energy Bill Relief Fund (EBRF) rebates
b) Introduction of the first instalment of 2024-25 Commonwealth rebates for all households in QLD and WA, and State rebates in QLD, WA and TAS
c) Introduction of the first instalment of 2024-25 Commonwealth rebates for all households in NSW, VIC, SA, TAS, NT and ACT
d) Introduction of the second instalment of 2024-25 Commonwealth rebates for all households in NSW, VIC, QLD, SA, TAS, NT and ACT
e) Introduction of the second instalment of 2024-25 Commonwealth rebates and State rebate for all households in WA
f) Introduction of the third instalment of 2024-25 Commonwealth rebates for all households in NSW, VIC, QLD, SA, TAS, NT and ACT
Automotive fuel prices fell 1.9% in the twelve months to January, following an annual fall of 1.4% to December. The annual fall reflects lower global oil prices over the year. In monthly terms fuel prices fell 1.4%, the first monthly fall since October 2024.
Holiday travel and accommodation prices fell 0.8% in the 12 months to January, which followed a 0.1% fall in the 12 months to December.
In monthly terms, Holiday travel and accommodation prices fell 5.9%, following a rise of 11.5% in December. International travel drove the fall as airfare and holiday accommodation prices eased following a reduction in demand in January after the peak holiday season in December.
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Data explorer for the monthly CPI indicator.
For information on Data Explorer and how it works, see the Data Explorer user guide.
Price indexes published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) provide summary measures of the movements in various categories of prices over time. They are published primarily for use in Government economic analysis.
Consistent with existing policy, the ABS does not comment on the use (or otherwise) of the price indexes we publish. However, it should be noted that the monthly CPI indicator may be routinely subject to revision, in contrast to the quarterly CPI which is only revised in exceptional circumstances.
Use of Price Indexes in Contracts sets out a range of issues that should be taken into account by parties considering including an Indexation Clause in a contract using an ABS published price index.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) specific to the monthly CPI indicator can be found in the Information paper: Introducing a monthly CPI indicator for Australia FAQs
In addition, the Frequently Asked Questions page has answers to a number of common questions to do with price indexes and the quarterly Consumer Price Index in particular.
The monthly CPI indicator is a general measure of price change for goods and services purchased by Australian households.
Monthly data is published at the national level, derived as a weighted average of the eight capital cities.
Prices are collected for a range of goods and services (the CPI basket) from a variety of retailers across the eight capital cities.
Prices are collected in a range of frequencies including monthly, quarterly, and annually using:
Information about the data sources and methods used to compile the CPI is contained in the Consumer Price Index: Concepts, Sources and Methods.