Estimates of both overseas migration and internal migration have been revised from September 2021 in this release.
National, state and territory population
Statistics about the population and components of change (births, deaths, migration) for Australia and its states and territories
Key statistics
Statistics in this release are commonly known as Estimated Resident Population (ERP).
- Australia’s population was 27,400,013 people at 31 December 2024.
- The quarterly growth was 91,133 people (0.3%).
- The annual growth was 445,900 people (1.7%).
- Annual natural increase was 105,200 and net overseas migration was 340,800.
National
Annual population change
In the year ending 31 December 2024, Australia's population grew by 445,900 people (1.7%).
- Annual growth calculated at the end of each quarter.
- All data after 30 June 2021 are subject to revision.
Australia's population growth is comprised of natural increase (births minus deaths) and net overseas migration (migration arrivals minus migration departures).
Components of quarterly population change
In the December 2024 quarter, natural increase:
- was 23,100 people
- decreased by 2,100 (8.4%) people since the previous quarter
In the December 2024 quarter, net overseas migration:
- was 68,000 people
- decreased by 18,800 people since the previous quarter
Components of annual population change
In the year ending 31 December 2024, natural increase:
- was 105,200 people
- increased by 2,000 (1.9%) people since the previous year
In the year ending 31 December 2024, net overseas migration:
- was 340,800 people
- decreased by 189,900 (35.8%) people since the previous year
- Annual components calculated at the end of each quarter.
Births and deaths
Overseas migration arrivals and departures
A summary of Net Overseas Migration (NOM), the key data sources, concepts and revision process of preliminary and final estimates as well as an explanation of why NOM may take some time to fully reflect changes in migration patterns can be found in this article: Measuring Net Overseas Migration in Australia.
States and territories
Annual population change
- All states and territories had positive population growth over the year ending 31 December 2024.
- Western Australia had the fastest growth rate (2.4%).
- Tasmania had the slowest rate (0.3%).
Population at 31 December 2024 ('000) | Change over previous year ('000) | Change over previous year (%) | |
---|---|---|---|
New South Wales | 8545.1 | 108.1 | 1.3 |
Victoria | 7011.1 | 132.6 | 1.9 |
Queensland | 5618.8 | 102.8 | 1.9 |
South Australia | 1891.7 | 20.7 | 1.1 |
Western Australia | 3008.7 | 70.3 | 2.4 |
Tasmania | 575.8 | 1.6 | 0.3 |
Northern Territory | 262.2 | 3.1 | 1.2 |
Australian Capital Territory | 481.7 | 6.8 | 1.4 |
Australia (a) | 27400.0 | 445.9 | 1.7 |
a. Includes Other Territories comprising Jervis Bay Territory, Christmas Island, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island.
State and territory population change is comprised of natural increase, net overseas migration, and net interstate migration (interstate arrivals minus interstate departures).
Components of annual population change
For the year ending 31 December 2024:
- net overseas migration was the major contributor to change in all states and territories.
NSW | Vic | Qld | SA | WA | Tas | NT | ACT | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Births | 89,082 | 81,215 | 58,842 | 18,448 | 30,545 | 5,536 | 3,522 | 5,221 |
Deaths | 59,638 | 45,943 | 38,903 | 15,739 | 17,969 | 5,365 | 1,239 | 2,420 |
Natural increase | 29,444 | 35,272 | 19,939 | 2,709 | 12,576 | 171 | 2,283 | 2,801 |
NSW | Vic | Qld | SA | WA | Tas | NT | ACT | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overseas arrivals | 194,796 | 169,041 | 106,058 | 29,836 | 72,997 | 6,200 | 5,097 | 10,827 |
Overseas departures | 88,066 | 68,538 | 49,181 | 10,290 | 27,873 | 2,344 | 2,016 | 5,822 |
Net overseas migration | 106,730 | 100,503 | 56,877 | 19,546 | 45,124 | 3,856 | 3,081 | 5,005 |
NSW | Vic | Qld | SA | WA | Tas | NT | ACT | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Interstate arrivals | 84,645 | 74,189 | 106,428 | 24,276 | 39,712 | 12,985 | 14,576 | 20,948 |
Interstate departures | 112,763 | 77,392 | 80,488 | 25,858 | 27,100 | 15,432 | 16,810 | 21,916 |
Net interstate migration | -28,118 | -3,203 | 25,940 | -1,582 | 12,612 | -2,447 | -2,234 | -968 |
Quarterly internal migration, capital city - rest of state
Data downloads
Time series spreadsheets
Population and components of change - national
Quarterly population and components of change, national, from June 1981 onwards
Components of population change - states and territories
Quarterly components of change, by state and territory, from June 1981 onwards
Population - states and territories
Quarterly population by sex, by state and territory, from June 1981 onwards
Interstate migration arrivals
Quarterly interstate migration arrivals, from June 1981 onwards
Interstate migration departures
Quarterly interstate migration departures, from June 1981 onwards
Population - New South Wales
Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, NSW, from 1971 onwards
Population - Victoria
Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, Vic., from 1971 onwards
Population - Queensland
Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, Qld, from 1971 onwards
Population - South Australia
Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, SA, from 1971 onwards
Population - Western Australia
Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, WA, from 1971 onwards
Population - Tasmania
Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, Tas., from 1971 onwards
Population - Northern Territory
Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, NT, from 1971 onwards
Population - Australian Capital Territory
Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, ACT, from 1971 onwards
Population - Australia
Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, Aust., from 1971 onwards
All time series spreadsheets
Data cubes
National, state and territory population tables
Various tables of population, components of change and rates, by state and territory.
Population by age and sex - national
Summary statistics of Australia's population by age and sex
Standard population
Standard population used in age-standardised rates
Regional internal migration estimates, provisional
All data cubes
Data Explorer datasets
Quarterly Population Estimates (ERP), by State/Territory, Sex and Age
Population and components of change - national, states and territories
Interstate Migration by States and Territories of Arrival and Departure by Sex
Interstate migration: Arrivals, departures and net, State/territory, Age and sex - Financial years, 1996-97 onwards
Interstate migration: Arrivals, departures and net, State/territory, Age and sex - Calendar years, 1997 onwards
Population Clock Component Data
For information on Data Explorer and how it works, see the Data Explorer user guide
Caution: Data in Data Explorer is currently released after the 11:30am release on the ABS website. Please check the reference period when using Data Explorer.
Notes
COVID-19
Statistics in this release are impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. With border restrictions in place NOM fell to low levels including negative net migration. The removal of most border restrictions from February 2022 enabled overseas travel again and saw a recovery in NOM levels from 2022 onwards.
To ensure the ongoing production of fit-for-purpose official population estimates through the COVID-19 pandemic, the ABS has been assessing the likely impact of changed traveller behaviour on preliminary overseas migration estimates, a component of ERP. The ABS has introduced more frequent revisions to overseas migration to ensure the suite of demographic statistics continue to be of high quality and reflect the most timely data available. Preliminary overseas migration estimates will be revised every quarter over four quarters, instead of once after four quarters, until it becomes final. These more frequent revisions will ensure the most timely and accurate data flows through to ERP.
For further information see the Improvements to estimation of net overseas migration.
Rebasing of Australia's population estimates using the 2021 Census
Net interstate migration review
Previous catalogue number
This release previously used catalogue number 3101.0