Sources and methods — Annual

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Industry output equals market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D
• output for own final use in the form of gross fixed capital formation for cultivated biological resources (including livestock used for breeding, vineyards and fruit orchard growth).

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product. Volume data is also confronted with information sourced from ABS and ABARES agricultural statistics. Other information is sourced through the media and industry associations.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive these industries' output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government units.

The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary production are modelled using weights from the input-output tables.

Estimates for secondary production are derived from EAS data corresponding to the related input-output product.

Product movements are confronted with information sourced from ABARES statistics.  

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market and non-market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, household institutional units and general government.

General government intermediate use is derived residually by deducting compensation of employees and consumption of fixed capital from general government output. These components are derived from Public Sector Employment and Earnings and the ABS capital stock system.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product. Volume data is also confronted with information sourced from ABARES fisheries and aquacultural statistics. Other information is sourced through the media and industry associations.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government units.

The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market and non-market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, household institutional units and general government.

General government intermediate use is derived residually by deducting compensation of employees and consumption of fixed capital from general government output. These components are derived from Public Sector Employment and Earnings and the ABS capital stock system.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product. Volume data is also confronted with information sourced from unpublished ABS mining statistics and the DISR publication, Resources and energy quarterly. Other information is sourced through the media and industry associations.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government units.

The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market and non-market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, household institutional units and general government.

General government intermediate use is derived residually by deducting compensation of employees and consumption of fixed capital from general government output. These components are derived from Public Sector Employment and Earnings and the ABS capital stock system.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product. Volume data is also confronted with information sourced from unpublished ABS mining statistics and the DISR publication, Resources and energy quarterly. Other information is sourced through the media and industry associations.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Industry output equals market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Product-level estimates are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• complementary estimates program
• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year's estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product. Volume data is also confronted with information sourced through the media and industry associations.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government units.

The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market and non-market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, household institutional units and general government.

General government intermediate use is derived residually by deducting compensation of employees and consumption of fixed capital from general government output. These components are derived from Public Sector Employment and Earnings and the ABS capital stock system.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Industry output equals market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product. Volume data is also confronted with information sourced from the Department of Industry, Science and Resources (DISR) and industry associations such as the Australian Institute of Petroleum.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government units. General government activity is concentrated in the production of pharmaceuticals.

The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market and non-market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, household institutional units, general government and NPISH units.

General government intermediate use is derived residually by deducting compensation of employees and consumption of fixed capital from general government output. These components are derived from Public Sector Employment and Earnings and the ABS capital stock system.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product. Volume data is also confronted with information sourced from the Department of Industry, Science and Resources and Australian Institute of Petroleum (AIP). Other information is sourced through the media and industry associations.

The Economic Activity Survey, the ABS Energy Account and the Australian Photovoltaic Institute (APVI) for solar are the main data sources used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Estimates are added for brown coal mined and used by electricity generators on own account. They are imputed from the ABS Energy, Water and Environment Management Survey.

Industry output equals market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Production of solar generated electricity by households is included in output. Data from the Australian Energy Regulator (AER) and Australian Energy Statistics (AES) provides the benchmark estimates for this series.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

The Economic Activity Survey and the Energy Account are the main data sources used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Estimates are added for brown coal mined and used by electricity generators on own account. They are imputed from the ABS Energy, Water and Environment Management Survey.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product. Volume data is also confronted with information sourced from the Energy Supply Association of Australia (ESAA) and the Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics (DISR). Other information is sourced through the media and industry associations.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Industry output equals market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

The following adjustments are also included to derive intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product. Volume data is also confronted with information sourced through the media and industry associations.

The Economic Activity Survey and Water Supply and Sewerage Services (WSSS) Survey are the main data sources used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government units.

General government activity is a significant component of this industry's output. The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

Government Finance Statistics are also used to allocate a share of output to the general government consumption of fixed capital.

The Economic Activity Survey and Water Supply and Sewerage Services Survey are the main data sources used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market and non-market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, household institutional units and general government.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product. Volume data is also confronted with information sourced from the Water Supply and Sewerage Services Survey and the National Water Commission. Other information is sourced through the media and industry associations.

Industry volumes will not always align with physical consumption rates. The reason is that Water supply is treated as a service-producing industry as a consequence of Australia’s water laws (based on the concept of crown water). This treatment is a deviation from the recommendations of 2008 SNA.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government units.

The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market and non-market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, household institutional units and general government.

General government intermediate use is derived residually by deducting compensation of employees and consumption of fixed capital from general government output. These components are derived from Public Sector Employment and Earnings and the ABS capital stock system.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product. Volume data is also confronted with information sourced through the media and industry associations.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's output, which is largely produced by market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Output is derived for activities that are not in scope of the Economic Activity Survey. It relates to owner builders of new houses, alterations and additions and general government construction activity.

The output for owner-builders of new houses is calculated by using the proportion of owner-builder activity to construction activity derived from the ABS publication, Private Sector Construction Industry, Australia. That proportion is applied to the construction of new houses from the ABS publication, Building Activity, Australia.

In order to calculate the output for owner builder alterations and additions, two components of alterations and additions are derived:

• Alterations and additions undertaken by enterprises within the construction industry – the estimate from the publication, Private Sector Construction Industry, Australia is rolled forward using indicators from the ABS publication, Building Activity, Australia.
• Alterations and additions undertaken by owner builders – estimates are derived using a non-ABS estimate for the value of alterations and additions, as well as ratios from the publication, Private Sector Construction Industry, Australia. Those estimates are rolled forward using indicators from the ABS publication, Building Activity, Australia. They are confronted with data from the ABS publication, Household Expenditure Survey, Australia: Summary of Results.

An adjustment to the output of residential construction is made to remove the value of land from sales of house and land packages. This adjustment is the percentage of land value to sales of residential construction derived from the ABS publication, Private Sector Construction Industry, Australia and is applied to residential construction.

The construction output for the general government sector is estimated using the ABS publication, Engineering Construction Activity, Australia. Total engineering construction by the public sector for the public sector (less engineering construction for the telecommunications and electricity industries) is added to total construction output.

General government consumption of fixed capital is added to output sourced from the ABS capital stock system.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production at the subdivisional level are modelled using the following ABS publications:

• Building Activity, Australia
• Engineering Construction Activity, Australia
• Private Sector Construction Industry, Australia.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market and non-market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, household institutional units and general government.

General government intermediate use is derived residually by deducting compensation of employees and consumption of fixed capital from general government output. These components are derived from Public Sector Employment and Earnings and the ABS capital stock system.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Industry output equals market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production at the subdivisional level are modelled using:

• the Economic Activity Survey
• periodic surveys such as the Retail and Wholesale Industries Surveys.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for NPISH units.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production at the subdivisional level are modelled using:

• the Economic Activity Survey
• periodic surveys such as the Retail and Wholesale Industries Surveys.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government and NPISH units.

The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production at the subdivisional level are modelled using product level data from the Economic Activity Survey and periodic surveys. The results from the latter surveys are published in:

• Clubs, Pubs, Taverns and Bars, Australia
• Cafes, Restaurants and Catering Services, Australia
• Accommodation Services, Australia.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive intermediate use. General government intermediate use is derived residually with the components coming from various sources; namely, Public Sector Employment and Earnings, Government Finance Statistics and the ABS capital stock system.

Intermediate use consists of the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, households and NPISH units.

General government intermediate use is included and is derived as the general government estimates for gross output less compensation of employees less consumption of fixed capital.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government units.

The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive intermediate use. General government intermediate use is derived residually with the components coming from various sources; namely, Public Sector Employment and Earnings, Government Finance Statistics and the ABS capital stock system.

Intermediate use consists of the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, households and NPISH units.

General government intermediate use is included and is derived as the general government estimates for gross output less compensation of employees less consumption of fixed capital.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Industry output equals market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive these industries' output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government units.

The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive intermediate use. General government intermediate use is derived residually with the components coming from various sources; namely, Public Sector Employment and Earnings, Government Finance Statistics and the ABS capital stock system.

Intermediate use consists of the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, households and NPISH units.

General government intermediate use is included and is derived as the general government estimates for gross output less compensation of employees less consumption of fixed capital.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive these industries' output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government units.

The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive intermediate use. General government intermediate use is derived residually with the components coming from various sources; namely, Public Sector Employment and Earnings, Government Finance Statistics and the ABS capital stock system.

Intermediate use consists of the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, households and NPISH units.

General government intermediate use is included and is derived as the general government estimates for gross output less compensation of employees less consumption of fixed capital.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government and NPISH units.

The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive intermediate use. General government intermediate use is derived residually with the components coming from various sources; namely, Public Sector Employment and Earnings, Government Finance Statistics and the ABS capital stock system.

Intermediate use consists of the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, households and NPISH units.

General government intermediate use is included and is derived as the general government estimates for gross output less compensation of employees less consumption of fixed capital.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

Balance sheet, income and expenditure and interest rate information are used to compile the output for the following financial intermediaries – the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA); banks; other depository corporations (credit unions, building societies, cash management trusts, registered financial corporations); central borrowing authorities; securitisers and financial intermediaries not elsewhere classified (e.g. public unit trusts excluding property trusts; public development authorities; investment companies; common funds; co-operative housing societies; public housing schemes; and other financial corporations).

The following outlines the data sources used to estimate the various components of output:

Balance sheets:

• ABS publications: Australian National Accounts:  Finance and Wealth; Assets and Liabilities of Australian Securitisers; Managed Funds, Australia; and the ABS capital stock system;
• RBA: Statistical Bulletin; and
• Australian Prudential Regulatory Authority (APRA) Monthly Bank Statement of Financial Position for detailed breakdown for bank loans and deposits;

Income and expenditure:

• ABS publications: Balance of Payments and International Investment Position; Annual Statistics on Financial Institutions has ceased but the data in this publication still underpins estimates);
• ABS collections: Economic Activity Survey; Quarterly Survey of Financial Information; and Government Finance Statistics;
• RBA: Annual Report; Financial Stability Report (6 monthly); and Statement of Monetary Policy (quarterly);
• Suite of Australian Prudential Regulatory Authority (APRA) forms - Quarterly Bank Statement of Financial Performance and Quarterly Registered Financial Corporations Statement of Financial Performance;
• APRA publications: Quarterly Bank Performance Statistics; Quarterly Credit Unions; and Building Societies Performance Statistics; and
• ad hoc reports: annual reports for small subsectors such as listed investment companies, bank annual reports and private consultant banking reports.

Interest rates:

• RBA Statistical Bulletin.

Output is calculated as:

• FISIM imputation
• plus imputed output of financial intermediaries not elsewhere classified
• plus imputed output of RBA
• plus explicit charges
• plus gross non-land rent and other service income (excludes property income).

The following adjustment is added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

To compile the FISIM imputed estimate for all financial intermediaries (except the RBA and financial intermediaries n.e.c.), total interest receivable and payable estimates by financial instruments (i.e. deposits, bills of exchange, one-name paper, bonds and loans) and counterparty sector and subsector flows for the following six sectors and subsectors are compiled:

• Rest of the world
• Reserve Bank Of Australia
• Banks
• Other depository corporations
• Central borrowing authorities
• Securitisers.

Three datasets are required to compile the interest flows:

1. total interest payable and receivable
2. interest rates for relevant financial instruments of various sectors and subsectors
3. balance sheets for the six sectors and subsectors.

The next step is to calculate FISIM for loans and deposits (banks and other depository corporations) and for loans (securitisers and central borrowing authorities); that is:

• for banks and other depository corporations, FISIM is derived as follows:

[(counterparty loan rate – reference rate) * counterparty stock of loans] + [(reference rate – counterparty deposit rate) * counterparty stock of deposits]

where the reference rate is mid-point between the average interest rate on loans and the average interest rate on deposits.

• for securitisers and central borrowing authorities, FISIM is derived as follows:

[(counterparty loan rate – reference rate) * counterparty stock of loans]

where the reference rate is weighted average bond yield.

The above calculations are undertaken in separate loan and deposit FISIM tables for each of the four groups of FISIM generating institutions (banks, other depository corporations, central borrowing authorities and securitisers). Each table captures the counterparty sector and subsector loan and deposit balances, their respective interest flows and interest margins (i.e. reference rate – deposit rate, or loan rate – reference rate) and the subsequent FISIM estimates.

The detailed information from the current price FISIM loan and deposit tables for the four groups of financial intermediaries (i.e. banks, other depository corporations, central borrowing authorities and securitisers) are used to construct chain volume measures.

Chain volume FISIM measures are produced for the total, household final consumption expenditure, intermediate use (e.g. ownership of dwellings; general government, etc.), as follows:

• Constant price estimates of balances (loans and deposits) by counterparty sectors and subsectors are calculated by deflating the current price estimates using the CPI Trimmed mean.
• The deflated loans and deposits are multiplied by the associated interest margin (i.e. reference rate – deposit rate, or loan rate – reference rate) for the previous year to produce estimates of FISIM in prices of the previous year. The estimates in the previous step are summed across the four financial intermediaries to produce Laspeyres chain volume estimates

Volume estimates for exports are derived using the total HFCE implicit price deflator.

Volume estimates for the rest of the Finance and insurance services industry are derived using the double deflation method. The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

Balance sheet, income and expenditure and interest rate information are used to compile the output for pension funds (superannuation), life insurance corporations (including friendly societies) and non-life (general) insurance corporations.

The following outlines the data sources used to estimate the various components of output:

Balance sheets:

• ABS publications:  Australian National Accounts:  Finance and Wealth; Managed Funds; and the ABS capital stock system.

Income and expenditure:

• ABS collections:  Quarterly Survey of Financial Information;
• ABS publications: Balance of Payments and International Investment Position;
• Australian Prudential Regulatory Authority (APRA) form - Quarterly Superannuation Statement of Financial Performance;
• APRA publications: Quarterly Superannuation Performance Statistics; Quarterly Life Insurance Performance Statistics; Quarterly General Insurance Performance Statistics; Annual Superannuation Bulletin; Annual Friendly Society Bulletin; Half-Yearly General Insurance Bulletin; and Selected Statistics on General Insurance; General Insurance Supplementary Statistical Tables;
• Australian Taxation Office (ATO): Self-managed superannuation funds taxation data and website releases; and
• ad hoc private consultant reports: superannuation actuarial reports and real estate statistics.

Output is calculated as the sum of:

• insurance service charge
• explicit charges
• gross non-land rent
• non-life insurance business income
• subsidies.

The following adjustment is added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Non-life insurance corporations – estimated as premiums earned plus investment income on the technical reserves less expected claims:

• premiums earned include direct premiums earned plus inward reinsurance premiums less outward insurance premiums and statutory charges paid;
• premium supplements represent income earned on the technical reserves of non-life insurance corporations, which consist of unearned premiums (most premiums are paid for a full year in advance) and claims incurred but not yet paid (which arise because of delays in claims being lodged and assessed, and in finalising the payment of claims);
• premium supplements do not include any income from the investment of insurance corporations' own funds. The proportion of policyholder funds to total assets of non-life insurance corporations is applied to total investment income to derive premium supplements. The interest share of investment income is net of FISIM.

Life insurance corporations – the sum of administrative costs incurred (including investment and labour costs) plus a profit margin; the profit margins is calculated by estimating a proxy return on equity.

Pension funds ­– the sum of administrative costs incurred (including investment and labour costs).

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Industry output equals market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government units.

The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

Product movements are confronted with information about vacancy rates.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive intermediate use. General government intermediate use is derived residually with the components coming from various sources; namely, Public Sector Employment and Earnings, Government Finance Statistics and the ABS capital stock system.

Intermediate use consists of the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, households and NPISH units.

General government intermediate use is included and is derived as the general government estimates for gross output less compensation of employees less consumption of fixed capital.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government and NPISH units.

The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

Product movements are confronted with information sourced from the ABS publication, Tourism Satellite Account.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive intermediate use. General government intermediate use is derived residually with the components coming from various sources; namely, Public Sector Employment and Earnings, Government Finance Statistics and the ABS capital stock system.

Intermediate use consists of the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, households and NPISH units.

General government intermediate use is included and is derived as the general government estimates for gross output less compensation of employees less consumption of fixed capital.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government and NPISH units.

The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

The Economic Activity Survey is the main data source used to derive intermediate use. General government intermediate use is derived residually with the components coming from various sources; namely, Public Sector Employment and Earnings, Government Finance Statistics and the ABS capital stock system.

Intermediate use consists of the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, households and NPISH units.

General government intermediate use is included and is derived as the general government estimates for gross output less compensation of employees less consumption of fixed capital.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government and NPISH units.

General government activity is the most significant component of this industry's output. The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

Several sources are used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units. They include the Economic Activity Survey, Government Finance Statistics and the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA).

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government and NPISH units.

General government activity is the most significant component of this industry's output.

ACARA data relates to income from recurrent government funding and sales of goods and services. It is used to derive output for primary, secondary and special schools in the non-government sector.

EAS data relates to sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is used to derive market output for units other than non-government schools.

GFS and EAS data are used to derive output for preschools. The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

ACARA data has been used to derive the output of primary, secondary and special schools in the non-government sector from 2009-10 onwards.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market and non-market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, household institutional units, general government and NPISH units.

General government intermediate use is derived residually by deducting compensation of employees and consumption of fixed capital from general government output. These components are derived from Public Sector Employment and Earnings and the ABS capital stock system.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using individual volume indexes for primary and secondary schools, higher education and vocational education and training (VET). Three of the four indexes are cost-weighted, requiring a quantity indicator and a corresponding indicator to capture the cost of production.

Schools:  The quantity indicator for the schools indexes is the total number of students at primary and secondary schools measured on a full-time equivalent basis. Production costs represent the expenses incurred by both private and government schools. Net recurrent income is used to create state and territory weights that are applied to national totals from the Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics. The final outputs are separate Laspeyres indexes for primary and secondary education, with data for combined schools incorporated into both indexes using weights derived from ACARA data.

Student numbers are sourced from the ABS publication, Schools, Australia; enrolments and net recurrent income from the Australian Curriculum and Reporting Authority. Data from the Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are used for expenses.

Higher education:  The cost-weighted volume index for higher education integrates three streams of output:  teaching, research degree completions and research funded by government and industry. The quantity indicator is the total number of students at universities measured on a full-time equivalent basis, sourced from the Commonwealth Department of Education.  Production costs or expenses incurred by universities are sourced from the financial reports of higher education providers available on the department’s website. Data for research income is also available from the same website.

Vocational education and training:  The volume index for vocational education and training is not cost-weighted. It is based on the change in hours of delivery from the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) for vocational students for government and non-government VET.

Adult, community and other education:  Volume estimates are derived for adult, community and other education by deflating the current price estimates using the CPI for Total Education.

Several sources are used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units. They include the Economic Activity Survey, Government Finance Statistics, Household Expenditure Survey and Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) data from the Commonwealth Department of Health, Disability and Ageing.

This industry's output includes significant amounts of non-market activity. It is therefore measured by the demand-side approach, which sums the intermediate consumption of health care and social assistance products and final demand (i.e. final consumption expenditure and net exports).

General government activity has been the most significant component of this industry's output historically. The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

Derived using the direct volume index approach for public and private hospitals, and the output volume method for non-market producers providing non-hospital services.

Hospital services are provided to both admitted and non-admitted patients, as well as through different settings such as emergency departments. The number of hospital separations, emergency presentations and non-admitted events are used as quantity indicators; volume indexes are constructed for admitted patient care, emergency departments and non-admitted patient care services using average costs for weights.

Weights for aggregation are sourced from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW), Government Finance Statistics and Economic Activity Survey. They are used to construct volume indexes for private, public and total hospitals. Other data are sourced from AIHW and the Independent Health and Aged Care Pricing Authority (IHACPA).

The output volume method for non-hospital services is based on the number of non-hospital services provided, stratified at various levels of procedure type, and weighted together by their respective current price value of expenditures. Data are sourced from Medicare, the Private Health Insurance Administration Council and the Productivity Commission (PC) Report on Government Services.

Several sources are used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units. They include the Economic Activity Survey, Government Finance Statistics and components of total use.

Market output is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Non-market output is measured as the sum of production costs including employee and non-employee expenses. It is derived for general government and NPISH units.

The following adjustments are added to GFS data to derive total general government output:

• FISIM
• artistic originals
• consumption of fixed capital
• consolidation adjustment for payroll tax.

The output from gambling activity is derived using a demand-side approach, which sums final consumption expenditure, net exports and taxes on products.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market and non-market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, household institutional units, general government and NPISH units.

General government intermediate use is derived residually by deducting compensation of employees and consumption of fixed capital from general government output. These components are derived from Public Sector Employment and Earnings and the ABS capital stock system.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

Several sources are used to derive this industry's output, which is produced by both market and non-market units. They include the Economic Activity Survey, Government Finance Statistics and components of total use.

A demand-side approach is used to derive non-market output for personal and other services. This approach subtracts taxes on products primary to the industry from intermediate and final consumption. It is a proxy for general government and NPISH activity.

Market output for repairs and maintenance services is measured as sales of goods and services plus changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress. It is derived for non-financial corporations and household institutional units.

Industry output equals the sum of market and non-market output. The following adjustments are added to industry output to derive total industry output:

• understatement of income
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• output for own final use in the form of own-account computer software and R&D.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• extrapolated estimates based on the previous year’s estimates
• case study information
• the distribution from the latest input-output tables.

Product movements are confronted with information from a variety of sources.

The Economic Activity Survey and Government Finance Statistics are the main data sources used to derive this industry's intermediate use by market and non-market units.

Intermediate use is measured as the value of goods and services consumed as inputs in the production of output. It is derived for non-financial corporations, household institutional units, general government and NPISH units.

General government intermediate use is derived residually by deducting compensation of employees and consumption of fixed capital from general government output. These components are derived from Public Sector Employment and Earnings and the ABS capital stock system.

The following adjustments are also included to derive total intermediate use:

• overstatement of expenses
• off-June year reporting
• output of electricity produced for own intermediate use
• FISIM
• insurance service charge.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.

Estimates for primary and secondary production are modelled using a variety of sources including:

• the distribution from the latest input-output tables
• the ABS publication, Tourist Accommodation, Australia (for long-term caravan parks).

Output is disaggregated by actual rent for housing and imputed rent for owner-occupiers. These components are benchmarked using data from the latest Census of Population and Housing and is moved forward using quarterly indicators, such as dwelling information from the Building Activity Survey and rental growth from the Consumer Price Index (CPI). 

Intermediate use for the ownership of dwellings industry includes the following components:

• repairs and maintenance
• real estate agent commissions charged for the management of rental properties
• miscellaneous expenses
• FISIM
• building insurance service charge
• loan application fees.

Repairs and maintenance are benchmarked using data from the ABS Household Expenditure Survey. They cover the actual repairs to the dwelling and preventative maintenance such as painting internal and external surfaces. Purchases of goods and services associated with cleaning a dwelling are recorded as part of household final consumption expenditure.

The R&M benchmarks are extrapolated using a combined indicator based on:

• the estimated number of dwellings (the same estimate as used to estimate total dwelling rent)
• movements in appropriate component price indexes from the Consumer Price Index (CPI).

Estimates for building insurance service charges (premiums plus premium supplements less expected claims) are derived from annual data published by the Australian Prudential Regulatory Authority (APRA).

FISIM is the imputed financial service charge component of interest payable on loans used to finance the purchase of dwellings owned by persons. The derivation of FISIM estimates is described in Table 9.21 of this chapter.

Estimates for real estate agents' management fees are derived using data from the most recent Census of Population and Housing. They represent the proportion of actual rent controlled by real estate agents, extrapolated by number of dwellings for non-census years. This proportion is applied to actual rent and multiplied by the average commission rate for each state and territory.

Estimates of application fees for loans from financial corporations to purchase dwellings are derived from the sum of direct charges associated with dwellings. They are sourced from APRA.

Intermediate use is disaggregated by actual and imputed rent using a variety of data sources.

• FISIM - allocated based on outstanding owner and investor loans using data from the National Accounts Finance and Wealth statistics.
• Building insurance service charge -allocated based on the proportion of actual and imputed rent for output.
• Repairs and maintenance - allocated based on the proportion of actual and imputed rent for output.
• Miscellaneous TIU - allocated based on the proportion of actual and imputed rent for output.

Derived using the double deflation method for value added.

The first preliminary estimate is confronted with the sum of the four quarters volume estimate published in Australian National Accounts:  National Income, Expenditure and Product.