Population

• The Census net undercount was 0.7% (190,044 persons).
• The Northern Territory recorded the highest net undercount (6.0%) while the Australian Capital Territory recorded a net overcount (-0.6%).
• Males were more likely to be missed in the Census (1.3% net undercount) compared with females (0.2%).
• The net undercount for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people was 17.4%.

• The Administrative data snapshot identified 25,744,797 residents of Australia on 30 June 2021.
• People aged 25 to 34 were least likely to have lived at the same address five years ago (27.6%).
• Three-quarters (76%) of people who earned $250 to $499 per week had their main source of income as Government benefits and allowances.

• At 30 June 2025, Australia’s population included 8.8 million people who were born overseas.
• The proportion of Australia's population born outside Australia was 32.0%.
• India, England, China, and New Zealand were the countries of birth with the largest populations.
• Those born in India recorded the largest increase since 2015.

• There were 292,318 registered births in 2024, an increase of 1.9% (or 5,320 births) from 2023.
• The total fertility rate was 1.481 births per woman.
• Median age was 32.1 years for mothers and 33.9 years for fathers.

This product contains the digital boundaries for the Destination Zones (DZNs) used in the 2016 Census of Population and Housing

• There were 187,268 registered deaths in 2024, an increase of 4,137 since 2023.
• The standardised death rate decreased to 5.078 deaths, from 5.130 in 2023.
• Infant deaths increased by 46 deaths to 957.

• Australia's population has increased from 3.8 million in 1901 to 25.7 million in 2021.
• The urban population has increased from 58% of the total population in 1911 to 90% in 2021.
• Fertility has decreased from 3.1 births per woman in 1921 to 1.7 in 2021.
• Life expectancy at birth has increased by 26 years since the early 1900s.

• The number of households is projected to increase from 10.0 million in 2021 to between 13.3 and 13.9 million in 2046.
• The number of families is projected to increase from 7.2 million to between 9.5 and 9.7 million. 
• Living with a partner is projected to remain the most common living arrangement. 

• Life expectancy at birth was 81.1 years for males and 85.1 years for females in 2022–2024, reflecting no change for either males or females from the previous year (2021–2023).
• Life expectancy was highest in the Australian Capital Territory for both males (82.0 years) and females (85.8 years).
• Life expectancy was lowest in the Northern Territory for both males (77.0 years) and females (80.7 years).

For the year ending 30 June 2020:

• There were over 7.6 million migrants living in Australia
• 29.8% of Australia's population were born overseas
• Australia's population increased by 194,400 people due to net overseas migration
• 368,700 people moved interstate, a decrease of 8.7% from the previous year.

• Australia’s population was 27,801,023 people at 31 December 2025.
• The quarterly growth was 78,638 people (0.3%).
• The annual growth was 412,500 people (1.5%).
• Annual natural increase was 111,500 and net overseas migration was 301,000.

• Net overseas migration was 306,000 in 2024-25, down from 429,000 a year earlier.
• Migrant arrivals decreased 14% to 568,000 from 661,000 arrivals a year earlier.
• The largest group of migrant arrivals was temporary students with 157,000 people.
• Migrant departures increased 13% to 263,000 from 232,000 departures a year earlier.

• Australia's population in 2022 (26 million) is projected to reach between 34.3 and 45.9 million people by 2071.
• The current ten year average annual growth rate (1.4%) is projected to decline to between 0.2% and 0.9%.
• The median age (38.5 years) is projected to increase to between 43.8 and 47.6 years.

• The 2021 Census counted 25,422,788 people in Australia (excludes overseas visitors), an increase of 8.6 per cent since the 2016 Census.
• 49.3 per cent of the population were male with a median age of 37 years old.
• 50.7 per cent of the population were female with the median age of 39 years old.

• 104,100 people moved interstate in the three months to the end of March 2021.
• 16,400 more people moved interstate compared with the March 2020 quarter.
• Capital cities had a net loss of 11,800 people from internal migration, the largest quarterly net loss on record.

• The median age for capital cities (36.9 years) was younger than the rest of Australia (42.0).
• The youngest capital was Darwin with a median age of 34.8 years, while Hobart was the oldest (39.3).
• Darwin was the only capital with more males than females.

• The capitals grew by 324,700 people (1.8%) in 2024–25.
• Capital city growth comprised overseas migration (258,100), natural increase (96,300) and internal migration (-29,800).
• Melbourne had the largest increase (105,000), Perth had the highest growth rate (2.4%).
• Regional Australia grew by 94,700 (1.1%).