| ABS | Australian Bureau of Statistics |
| ACAP | Aged Care Assessment Program |
| ACAT | Aged Care Assessment Team |
| ACIR | Australian Childhood Immunisation Register |
| ACT | Australian Capital Territory |
| AHMAC | Australian Health Ministers' Advisory Council |
| AIDS | Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome |
| AIGC | Australian Indigenous Geographical Classification |
| AIHW | Australian Institute of Health and Welfare |
| AJJA | Australasian Juvenile Justice Administrators |
| AMA | Australian Medical Association |
| AMI | acute myocardial infarction |
| ANZDATA | Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry |
| AODTS-NMDS | Alcohol and Other Drug Treatment Services National Minimum Data Set |
| ARIA | Accessibility/Remoteness Index of Australia |
| ASCED | Australian Standard Classification of Education |
| ASCO | Australian Standard Classification of Occupations |
| ASGC | Australian Standard Geographical Classification |
| ATSIC | Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission |
| BEACH | Bettering the Evaluation and Care of Health |
| BMI | body mass index |
| cat. no. | Catalogue number |
| CABG | coronary artery bypass graft |
| CACP | Community Aged Care Package |
| CAP | Crisis Accommodation Program |
| CD | collection district |
| CDEP | Community Development Employment Projects |
| CHD | coronary heart disease |
| CHINS | Community Housing and Infrastructure Needs Survey |
| COAG | Council of Australian Governments |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| CRA | Commonwealth Rent Assistance |
| CS NMDS | Children's Services National Minimum Data Set |
| CSHA | Commonwealth–State Housing Agreement |
| CSTDA | Commonwealth State/Territory Disability Agreement |
| dmft | decayed, missing and filled (deciduous) teeth |
| DALY | disability-adjusted life-years |
| DASR | Drug and Alcohol Service Report |
| DEEWR | Australian Government Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations |
| DEST | Australian Government Department of Education, Science and Training |
| DHAC | Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care |
| DMFT | decayed, missing and filled (permanent) teeth |
| DoHA | Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing |
| DTP | diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccine |
| EACH | extended aged care at home |
| ERP | estimated resident population |
| ESRD | end-stage renal disease |
| FaCS | Australian Government Department of Family and Community Services |
| FaHCSIA | Australian Government Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs |
| FTE | full-time equivalent |
| GP | General Medical Practitioner |
| GSS | General Social Survey |
| HACC | Home and Community Care, Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing |
| Hib | Haemophilus influenzae (type B) |
| HIV | Human Immunodeficiency Virus |
| HPA | home purchase assistance |
| HREOC | Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission |
| ICD-10 | International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision |
| ICD-10-AM | International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, Australian Modification |
| ICH | Indigenous community housing |
| IESIP | Indigenous Education Strategic Initiatives Programme |
| IHD | ischaemic heart disease |
| IHF | interviewer household form |
| IHO | Indigenous housing organisation |
| IREG | Indigenous Region |
| km | kilometre |
| K5 | Kessler Psychological Distress Scale - modified five-item version |
| LFS | Labour Force Survey |
| LORI | Level of Relative Isolation |
| mL | millilitre |
| MACS | Multifunctional Aboriginal Children's Services |
| MCEETYA | Ministerial Council on Education, Employment, Training and Youth Affairs |
| MDS | minimum data set |
| MIP | Major Infrastructure Program |
| MMR | measles, mumps and rubella |
| n.e.c. | not elsewhere classified |
| NATSIHS | National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey |
| NATSIS | National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Survey |
| NATSISS | National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Survey |
| NCHECR | National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research |
| NCIRS | National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance |
| NCMHCD | National Community Mental Health Care Database |
| NDR | National Data Repository |
| NHMD | National Hospital Morbidity Database |
| NHMRC | National Health and Medical Research Council |
| NHPAC | National Health Priority Action Council |
| NHS | National Health Survey |
| NHS(I) | National Health Survey (Indigenous) |
| NMDS | National Minimum Data Set |
| NNDSS | National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System |
| NOCS | Notifiable Conditions System |
| NPDC | National Perinatal Data Collection |
| NPHP | National Public Health Partnership |
| NPSU | National Perinatal Statistics Unit |
| NRF | National Reporting Framework |
| NSW | New South Wales |
| NT | Northern Territory |
| OATSIH | Office for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health (Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing) |
| OECD | Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |
| OID | Overcoming Indigenous Disadvantage |
| OPV | oral polio vaccine |
| PBS | Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme |
| PCI | percutaneous coronary intervention |
| PRA | private rental assistance |
| Qld | Queensland |
| RCS | Resident Classification Scale |
| RHD | rheumatic heart disease |
| SA | South Australia |
| SAAP | Supported Accommodation Assistance Program |
| SAND | Supplementary Analysis of Nominated Data |
| SAR | Service Activity Reporting |
| SCATSIH | Standing Committee on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health |
| SCRCSSP | Steering Committee for the Review of Commonwealth/State Service Provision |
| SCRGSP | Steering Committee for the Review of Government Service Provision |
| SDAC | Survey of Disability, Ageing and Carers |
| SF-36 | Medical Outcome Short Form Health Survey |
| SIDS | Sudden Infant Death Syndrome |
| SMR | standardised mortality ratio |
| SOMIH | State owned and managed Indigenous housing |
| SRA | Supplementary Recurrent Assistance |
| STI | sexually transmissible infection |
| Tas. | Tasmania |
| TFR | total fertility rate |
| TSRA | Torres Strait Regional Authority |
| VET | vocational education and training |
| Vic. | Victoria |
| WA | Western Australia |
| WAACHS | Western Australian Aboriginal Child Health Survey |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| YLL | years of life lost |