In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this minor group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

• collecting, analysing and interpreting information on the financial status, cost structures and trading effectiveness of organisations
• devising, re-organising and establishing budgetary cost control and other accounting systems such as computer-based systems
• conducting audits and investigations and preparing financial statements and reports for management, shareholders, and statutory and other bodies
• controlling treasury and treasury systems and establishing and reviewing risk management objectives and treasury policies
• arranging and giving notice of meetings of directors and shareholders
• advising organisations' governing boards on matters concerning compliance with stock exchange listing rules, relevant legislation and corporation practice

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Registration or licensing may be required.

• assisting in formulating budgetary and accounting policies
• preparing financial statements for presentation to boards of directors, management, shareholders, and governing and statutory bodies
• conducting financial investigations, preparing reports, undertaking audits and advising on matters such as the purchase and sale of businesses, mergers, capital financing, suspected fraud, insolvency and taxation
• examining operating costs and organisations' income and expenditure
• providing assurance about the accuracy of information contained in financial reports and their compliance with statutory requirements
• providing financial and taxation advice on business structures, plans and operations
• preparing taxation returns for individuals and organisations
• liaising with financial institutions and brokers to establish funds management arrangements
• introducing and maintaining accounting systems, and advising on the selection and application of computer-based accounting systems
• maintaining internal control systems
• may appraise cash flow and financial risk of capital investment projects

• 221111 Accountant (General)
• 221112 Management Accountant
• 221113 Taxation Accountant

Provides services relating to compliance-based financial reporting, auditing, insolvency and accounting information systems; and advises on associated record-keeping requirements. Registration or licensing may be required for certain services such as auditing.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Financial Analyst
• Insolvency Consultant
• Insolvency Practitioner

Alternative Title:

• Cost Accountant

Provides services relating to performance-based financial reporting, asset valuation, budgetary systems, cost management, pricing, forecasting and the strategic governance of organisations. Provides advice on financial planning, risk management, carbon sequestration projects and carbon pricing and provides management with reports to assist in decision-making. May provide insight into cost performance and support the implementation of benchmarking and quality improvement initiatives. Registration or licensing may be required.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Carbon Accountant
• Commercial Accountant
• Product Accountant

Alternative Titles:

• Taxation Agent
• Taxation Consultant

Analyses, reports and provides advice on taxation issues to organisations or individuals, prepares taxation returns and reports, and handles disputes with taxation authorities. Registration or licensing may be required.

Skill Level: 1

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification. In the case of Corporate Treasurers and Company Secretaries, at least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Registration or licensing may be required.

• arranging, giving notice of and attending meetings of directors and shareholders
• advising organisations' governing boards on matters concerning compliance with stock exchange listing rules, relevant legislation and corporation practice
• supervising organisations' share capital by preparing documents and share issues, and handling share transfers
• controlling treasury and treasury systems and establishing and reviewing risk management objectives and treasury policies
• identifying, managing and reporting on financial risks
• assisting with equity management, debt management, securities and taxation planning issues
• collecting, analysing and interpreting information on the financial standing, cost structures and trading effectiveness of organisations
• devising, re-organising and establishing budgetary cost control and other accounting systems such as computer-based systems
• conducting audits and investigations and preparing financial statements and reports for management, shareholders, and governing and statutory bodies
• evaluating the cost effectiveness and risks of operational processes, activities, policies and systems
• reporting to management on the existence and effectiveness of the system of internal controls
• establishing audit objectives, and designing and implementing audit methodologies, processes and audit report criteria

• 221211 Company Secretary
• 221212 Corporate Treasurer
• 221213 External Auditor
• 221214 Internal Auditor

Plans, administers and reviews corporate compliance activities and effective practice concerning company board meetings and shareholdings, ensuring all business matters and transactions are managed and implemented as directed by the board.

Skill Level: 1

Alternative Title:

• Financial Risk Manager

Manages corporate funding, liquidity and financial risk associated with the profitable development and operation of an organisation. May be involved in acquisitions, disposals and joint ventures. Registration or licensing may be required.

Skill Level: 1

Designs and operates information and reporting systems, procedures and controls to meet external financial reporting requirements. Registration or licensing may be required.

Skill Level: 1

Alternative Title:

• Audit Officer

Examines, verifies, evaluates and reports on financial, operational and managerial processes, systems and outcomes to ensure financial and operational integrity and compliance, and assists in business process reviews, risk assessments, developing deliverables and reporting progress against outcomes. Registration or licensing may be required.

Skill Level: 1

Most occupations in this minor group have a level of skill commensurate with the qualifications and experience outlined below.

In Australia:

• Bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1); or
• AQF Associate Degree, Advanced Diploma or Diploma, or at least three years of relevant experience (ANZSCO Skill Level 2)

In New Zealand:

• Bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1); or
• NZQF Diploma, or at least three years of relevant experience (ANZSCO Skill Level 2).

In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification.

• obtaining information on securities, market conditions, government regulations and financial circumstances of clients
• executing buy and sell orders in the market place on behalf of clients, and offering advice on financial matters such as stocks and bonds, market conditions and the history and prospects of corporations
• recording and transmitting buy and sell orders, and calculating and recording costs of transactions
• arranging insurance, home loan mortgages and other types of finance for clients through banks, lenders, financiers and insurance companies
• developing lists of investments for clients, and reviewing and revising investment plans based on modified needs and changes in markets
• negotiating the purchase and sale of commodities such as grains, wool, minerals and metals
• interviewing prospective clients to determine financial status and objectives, discussing their financial options and developing financial plans and strategies
• managing funds raised from personal superannuation saving policies and unit trusts

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with the qualifications and experience outlined below.

In Australia:

• AQF Associate Degree, Advanced Diploma or Diploma (ANZSCO Skill Level 2)

In New Zealand:

• NZQF Diploma (ANZSCO Skill Level 2)

At least three years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualifications listed above. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification.

Registration or licensing may be required.

• monitoring commodity prices, trends and other factors affecting the supply and demand for commodities
• negotiating the purchase and sale of commodities such as grains, wool, minerals and metals
• determining the specific financial and insurance requirements of clients, and researching and reviewing available finance and insurance products for suitability to meet clients' requirements
• analysing clients' financial status, discussing financial options and developing financial strategies
• recommending loan combinations that meet clients' needs
• interviewing prospective clients to explain insurance policy conditions, risks covered, premium rates and benefits, and to make recommendations on the amount and type of cover
• arranging insurance, home loan mortgages and other types of finance for clients through banks, lenders, financiers and insurance companies
• preparing documents which set out the conditions of finance, repayments and loan periods
• identifying and advising on significant risk changes to clients' insurance
• broking complex and commercial leases, equipment finance, commercial finance, project finance and finance for property developers

• 222111 Commodities Trader
• 222112 Finance Broker
• 222113 Insurance Broker
• 222199 Financial Brokers nec

Alternative Title:

• Commodities Broker

Operates as an independent agent to bring together buyers and sellers of commodities, negotiates private sales and arranges sales through established market places.

Skill Level: 2

Specialisations:

• Energy Trader
• Grain Buyer
• Livestock Trader
• Media Buyer

• Water Broker/Trader

• Wool Broker

Operates as an independent agent in the course of financial negotiations and arranges loans of money on behalf of clients. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level: 2

Specialisations:

• Lease Broker
• Mortgage Broker

Operates as an independent agent to sell life, fire, accident, industrial or other forms of insurance for a range of insurance companies. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level: 2

This occupation group covers Financial Brokers not elsewhere classified. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level: 2

Occupations in this group include:

• Investment Broker

In Australia:

• Bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1)

In New Zealand:

• NZQF Diploma, or at least three years of relevant experience (ANZSCO Skill Level 2)

In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification.

Registration or licensing is required.

• obtaining information on securities, market conditions, government regulations and financial circumstances of clients
• interpreting data from securities reports, financial periodicals and stock-quotation viewer screens
• analysing financial markets and financial market products
• providing information and offering advice on financial market matters, market conditions and the history and prospects of corporations
• executing buy and sell orders in the market place on behalf of clients
• relaying trade information to clients such as the number of contracts bought and sold and the price
• monitoring futures prices and market changes, and bidding for commodity futures contracts
• recording and transmitting buy and sell orders
• calculating and recording costs of transactions

• 222211 Financial Market Dealer
• 222212 Futures Trader
• 222213 Stockbroking Dealer
• 222299 Financial Dealers nec

Alternative Title:

• Money Market Dealer

Buys and sells securities within financial markets, and trades and distributes financial securities on behalf of financial institutions. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:

• 1 Australia
• 2 New Zealand

Specialisations:

• Derivatives Trader
• Fixed Interest Dealer
• Foreign Exchange Dealer
• Securities Dealer

Buys and sells commodity futures on behalf of clients. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:

• 1 Australia
• 2 New Zealand

Alternative Titles:

• Sharebroker
• Stockbroker

Buys and sells stocks and bonds on behalf of clients. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:

• 1 Australia
• 2 New Zealand

Specialisation:

• Trading Floor Operator (Stock Exchange)

This occupation group covers Financial Dealers not elsewhere classified. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:

• 1 Australia
• 2 New Zealand

Occupations in this group include:

• Equities Analyst

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with the qualifications and experience outlined below.

In Australia:

• Bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1)

In New Zealand:

• NZQF Diploma, or at least three years of relevant experience (ANZSCO Skill Level 2)

In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification.

Registration or licensing is required.

• interviewing prospective clients to determine financial status and objectives, discussing financial options and developing financial plans and investment strategies
• monitoring investment performance, and reviewing and revising investment plans based on modified needs and changes in markets
• recommending and arranging insurance cover for clients
• arranging to buy and sell stocks and bonds for clients
• advising on investment strategies, sources of funds and the distribution of earnings
• setting financial objectives, and developing and implementing strategies for achieving the financial objectives
• managing funds raised from personal superannuation savings policies and unit trusts
• assisting in meeting superannuation compliance requirements
• directing the collection of financial, accounting and investment information and the preparation of budgets, reports, forecasts and statutory returns
• may refer clients to other organisations to obtain services outlined in financial plans

• 222311 Financial Investment Adviser
• 222312 Financial Investment Manager

Alternative Title:

• Financial Planning Adviser

Develops and implements financial plans for individuals or organisations, and advises on investment strategies and their taxation implications, securities, insurance, pension plans and real estate. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:

• 1 Australia
• 2 New Zealand

Alternative Title:

• Portfolio Manager

Invests and manages sums of money and assets on behalf of others over an agreed period of time, in order to generate income and profit. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:

• 1 Australia
• 2 New Zealand

Specialisations:

• Superannuation Funds Manager
• Unit Trust Manager

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this minor group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

• arranging for advertising of job vacancies, interviewing and testing of applicants, and selection of staff
• providing advice and information to management on human resource policies and procedures, staff performance and misconduct matters
• undertaking negotiations on terms and conditions of employment, and examining and resolving disputes and grievances
• studying and interpreting legislation, awards and agreements, wage payment systems, and dispute settlement procedures
• developing, planning and formulating workplace relations policies and programs, and procedures for their implementation
• identifying and determining the need for training, through identifying competencies and defining training requirements in the work environment
• designing, developing and assessing staff training and development

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

• arranging for advertising of job vacancies, interviewing and testing of applicants, and selection of staff
• maintaining personnel records and associated human resource information systems
• providing advice and information to management on workplace relations policies and procedures, staff performance and disciplinary matters
• arranging the induction of staff and providing information on conditions of service, salaries and promotional opportunities
• receiving and recording job vacancy information from employers such as details about job description, wages and conditions of employment
• providing information on current job vacancies in the organisation to employers and job seekers
• undertaking negotiations on terms and conditions of employment, and examining and resolving disputes and grievances
• studying and interpreting legislation, awards, collective agreements and employment contracts, wage payment systems and dispute settlement procedures
• developing, planning and formulating enterprise agreements or collective contracts such as productivity-based wage adjustment procedures, workplace relations policies and programs, and procedures for their implementation
• overseeing the formation and conduct of workplace consultative committees and employee participation initiatives

• 223111 Human Resource Adviser
• 223112 Recruitment Consultant
• 223113 Workplace Relations Adviser

Alternative Title:

• Human Resource Consultant

Provides staffing and personnel administration services in support of an organisation's human resource policies and programs.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Personnel Officer
• Workforce Planning Analyst

Alternative Title:

• Employment Consultant

Interviews applicants to determine their job requirements and suitability for particular jobs, and assists employers to find suitable staff.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Casting Agent
• Literary Agent

Assists in resolving disputes by advising on workplace relations policies and problems, and representing industrial, commercial, union, employer or other parties in negotiations on rates of pay and conditions of employment.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Industrial Relations Officer
• Trade Union Official
• Union Organiser

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

• identifying training needs and requirements of individuals and organisations
• setting human resource development objectives and evaluating learning outcomes
• preparing and developing instructional training material and aids such as handbooks, visual aids, online tutorials, demonstration models, and supporting training reference documentation
• designing, coordinating, scheduling and conducting training and development programs that can be delivered in the form of individual and group instruction, and facilitating workshops, meetings, demonstrations and conferences
• liaising with external training providers to arrange delivery of specific training and development programs
• promoting internal and external training and development, and evaluating these promotional activities
• monitoring and performing ongoing evaluation and assessment of training quality and effectiveness, and reviewing and modifying training objectives, methods and course deliverables
• gathering, investigating and researching background materials to gain an understanding of various subject matters and systems
• advising management on the development and placement of staff, and providing career counselling for employees
• keeping up-to-date with new product version releases, advances in programming languages, application development software, and general information technology trends
• writing end user products and materials such as user training, tutorial and instruction manuals, online help, and operating and maintenance instructions

• 223311 Training and Development Professional

Alternative Title:

• Training Officer

Plans, develops, implements and evaluates training and development programs to ensure management and staff acquire the skills and develop the competencies required by an organisation to meet organisational objectives.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Education Officer (Air Force and Army)
• Training Systems Officer (Navy)
• ICT Trainer

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this minor group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

• applying mathematical, statistical and actuarial principles and techniques to a range of tasks
• developing, organising and maintaining libraries and other information keeping services
• reviewing and analysing economic data and preparing reports
• managing the collection and processing of information and data to produce intelligence, and analysing and advising on policy options
• assessing the value of land, property and other items, and providing advice on the administration, and commercial and operational use of land and property
• studying organisational structures and methods to solve organisational problems and achieve greater efficiency

Econometricians are included in Unit Group 2243 Economists.

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Registration or licensing may be required.

• defining, analysing and solving complex financial and business problems relating to areas such as insurance premiums, annuities, superannuation funds, pensions and dividends
• examining financial projections for general insurance companies, finance companies, government and other organisations
• designing new types of policies, assessing risks and analysing investments in life insurance, superannuation funds, health insurance, friendly societies, financial markets and other areas
• formulating mathematical models to simulate processes
• applying models to experimental observations, and adjusting and recasting the models
• using numerical analysis methods to develop algorithms and perform computations
• liaising with management and clients to determine the subject or area to be surveyed or examined
• specifying the data to be collected, and the methodology to be used in collection and analysis
• evaluating and describing the reliability and utility of source information
• analysing and interpreting data, and producing relevant statistics to describe and infer particular trends and patterns

• 224111 Actuary
• 224112 Mathematician
• 224113 Statistician

Analyses mathematical, statistical, demographic, financial or economic data to predict and assess the long-term risk involved in financial decisions and planning. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level: 1

Develops and applies mathematical principles and techniques to solve problems in all areas of the sciences, engineering, technology, social sciences, business, industry and commerce.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisation:

• Operations Research Analyst

Designs and applies statistical principles and techniques for collecting, organising and interpreting quantifiable data, and uses statistical methodologies to produce statistical reports and analyses for government, commercial and other purposes. Registration or licensing may be required

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Biometrician
• Biostatistician
• Demographer
• Epidemiologist

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

• evaluating and preserving records for administrative, historical, technical change management, legal, evidential and other purposes
• maintaining record-keeping systems, indexes, guides and procedures for archival research and for the retention and destruction of records
• identifying and classifying specimens and objects, and arranging restoration work
• examining items and arranging examinations to determine condition and authenticity
• designing and revising data collection forms
• analysing the record-keeping, policy and procedural, needs of organisations, and translating these into record management systems
• maintaining record management systems and record forms, and advising on their usage
• controlling access to confidential information, and recommending codes of practice and procedures for accessing records

• 224211 Archivist
• 224212 Gallery or Museum Curator
• 224213 Health Information Manager
• 224214 Records Manager

Analyses and documents records, and plans and organises systems and procedures for the safekeeping of records and historically valuable documents.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Film Archivist
• Legal Archivist
• Manuscripts Archivist
• Parliamentary Archivist

Plans and organises a gallery or museum collection by drafting collection policies and arranging acquisitions of pieces.

Skill Level: 1

Plans, develops, implements and manages health information services, such as patient information systems, and clinical and administrative data, to meet the medical, legal, ethical and administrative requirements of health care delivery.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Clinical Trial Data Manager
• Health Data Administrator

Designs, implements and administers record systems and related information services, to support efficient access, movement, updating, storage, retention and disposal of files and other organisational records.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Configuration Management Technician

• Freedom of Information Officer

Statisticians are included in Unit Group 2241 Actuaries, Mathematicians and Statisticians.

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

• analysing interrelationships between economic variables and studying the effects of government fiscal and monetary policies, expenditure, taxation and other budgetary policies on the economy and the community
• researching, analysing and assessing the effects of labour market programs and industry policies and programs on economic growth, welfare, education and training
• investigating international and national economic situations, and particular features such as industries, regions and socioeconomic groups
• studying workplace issues such as enterprise bargaining and wage fixation, and the effect of workplace policies on productivity and economic growth
• analysing trends and advising on economic issues such as taxation levels, prices, employment and unemployment, imports and exports, and interest and exchange rates
• forecasting changes in the economic environment for short-term budgeting, long-term planning and investment evaluation
• formulating recommendations, policies and plans for the economy, corporate strategies and investment, and undertaking feasibility studies for projects
• preparing reports on research findings

• 224311 Economist

Alternative Title:

• Economic Analyst

Performs economic research and analysis, develops and applies theories about production and distribution of goods and services and people's spending and financial behaviour, and provides advice to governments and organisations on economic policy issues.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Agricultural Economist
• Econometrician
• Economic Forecaster
• Environmental Economist
• Health Economist
• Labour Market Economist
• Mineral Economist
• Taxation Economist

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

• determining organisational and client intelligence requirements
• organising, collecting, collating and analysing data, and developing intelligence information such as electronic surveillance
• compiling and disseminating intelligence information using briefings, maps, charts, reports and other methods
• ascertaining the accuracy of data collected and reliability of sources
• conducting threat and risk assessments and developing responses
• liaising and consulting with program administrators and other interested parties to identify policy needs
• reviewing existing policies and legislation to identify anomalies and out-of-date provisions
• researching social, economic and industrial trends, and client expectations of programs and services provided
• formulating and analysing policy options, preparing briefing papers and recommendations for policy changes, and advising on preferred options
• assessing impacts, financial implications, interactions with other programs and political and administrative feasibility of policies

• 224411 Intelligence Officer
• 224412 Policy Analyst

Collects and analyses information and data to produce intelligence for an organisation to support planning, operations and human resource functions.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Criminal Intelligence Analyst
• Defence Intelligence Analyst

Alternative Title:

• Policy Adviser

Develops and analyses policies guiding the design, implementation and modification of government or commercial operations and programs.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Research and Evaluation Analyst (NZ)
• Foreign Policy Officer

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Registration or licensing may be required.

• providing advice on land and property financing and valuation matters
• researching and advising on the administration and use of land and property
• developing and implementing sales and leasing proposals for commercial land and property
• providing asset management services for the administration and use of land and property
• analysing land and property investments
• managing land and property portfolios and commercial property developments
• calculating values by considering market demand, condition of items, future trends and other factors
• examining property, selecting methods of valuation, and submitting written assessments
• giving evidence in legal proceedings, mediating on valuation matters and providing rental determinations for arbitration purposes

• 224511 Land Economist
• 224512 Valuer

Alternative Title:

• Property Economist

Provides advice on the administration and use of land and property.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisation:

• Asset Manager (Land and Property)

Assesses the value of land, property, commercial equipment, merchandise, personal effects, household goods and objects of art. Registration or licensing may be required.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Plant and Machinery Valuer
• Property Valuer
• Real Estate Valuer

Teacher-Librarians are included in Minor Group 241 School Teachers.

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Registration or licensing may be required.

• developing and implementing library and information policies and services
• examining publications and materials, interviewing publishers' representatives, and consulting with others to select library materials
• reviewing, evaluating and modifying services in response to user needs
• providing assistance to clients in accessing library resources
• managing library systems for recording and organising library holdings, acquisitions and purchases, reader registrations and loan transactions, and supervising indexing, filing and retrieval activities
• managing inter-library loan systems and information networks
• undertaking information research activities on behalf of clients
• selecting, ordering, classifying and cataloguing library and information resources
• monitoring collection development and culling programs
• supervising and training other library staff
• may plan and direct library promotion and outreach activities

• 224611 Librarian

Develops, organises and manages library services such as collections of information, recreational resources and reader information services. Registration or licensing may be required.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Acquisitions Librarian
• Audiovisual Librarian
• Bibliographer
• Cataloguer
• Children's Librarian
• Corporate Librarian
• Legal Librarian
• Multicultural Services Librarian
• Parliamentary Librarian
• Reference Librarian
• Special Librarian
• Special Needs Librarian

ICT Business Analysts are included in Unit Group 2611 ICT Business and Systems Analysts.

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

• assisting and encouraging the development of objectives, strategies and plans aimed at achieving optimal customer experience and satisfaction and the effective use of organisations' resources and capabilities
• identifying business and organisational gaps and opportunities through application of continuous improvement and change methodologies
• analysing and evaluating current systems, capabilities and structures
• advising clients on recommendations based on analysis of current-state gaps to provide solutions to organisational problems
• preparing and recommending proposals to revise methods and procedures, alter work flows, redefine job functions and support organisational innovation and improvements
• assisting in implementing approved recommendations
• providing coaching and mentoring to individuals and teams to build specific capabilities

• 224711 Management Consultant
• 224712 Organisation and Methods Analyst

Alternative Title:

• Business Consultant

Assists organisations to achieve greater efficiency and solve organisational problems which exclude the deployment of quality systems and certification processes.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Business Analyst
• Business Improvement Manager

Alternative Title:

• Procedures Analyst

Studies organisational structures, methods, systems and procedures.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Change Management Facilitator
• Delivery Coach
• Industry Analyst
• Quality Auditor

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Registration or licensing may be required.

• 224911 Electorate Officer
• 224912 Liaison Officer
• 224913 Migration Agent / Immigration Consultant
• 224914 Patents Examiner
• 224999 Information and Organisation Professionals nec

Manages the electorate office of a politician, and liaises with constituents and the media on their behalf.

Skill Level: 1

Establishes and facilitates communication between different community groups, organisations and governments.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Aboriginal Liaison Officer
• Business Liaison Officer
• Community Liaison Officer
• Disability Liaison Officer
• Māori Liaison Adviser
• Police Liaison Officer

Alternative Title:

• Migration Consultant

Provides information and advice to potential migrants, prepares and lodges visa applications, and acts as an intermediary to legally represent clients during visa processing and before review bodies. Liaises with Legal Professionals in relation to judicial review matters. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level: 1

Investigates and reports on patent applications to assess their compliance with the requirements of the Patents Act. Registration or licensing may be required.

Skill Level: 1

This occupation group includes Information and Organisation Professionals not elsewhere classified.

Skill Level: 1

Occupations in this group include:

• Electoral Officer
• Information Management Co-ordinator
• Knowledge Manager
• Lobbyist
• Museum Registrar
• Procurement Specialist
• Sales Analyst

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this minor group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

• commissioning and undertaking market research, analysing the findings, and planning advertising, marketing and public relations activities
• supporting business growth and development through the preparation and execution of marketing objectives, policies and programs
• planning and organising publicity campaigns
• appraising and selecting material submitted by writers, Photographers, Illustrators and others to create favourable publicity
• acquiring and updating knowledge of employers' and competitors' goods and services, and market conditions
• assessing customers' needs and explaining and demonstrating goods and services to them
• visiting regular and prospective client businesses to establish and act on marketing opportunities
• quoting and negotiating prices and credit terms, and completing contracts

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

• planning, developing and organising advertising policies and campaigns to support sales objectives
• advising executives and clients on advertising strategies and campaigns to reach target markets, creating consumer awareness and effectively promoting the attributes of goods and services
• coordinating production of advertising campaigns involving specialised activities, such as artwork, copywriting, media scripting, television and film production and media placement, within time and budget constraints
• researching potential demand and market characteristics for new goods and services and collecting and analysing data and other statistical information
• supporting business growth and development through the preparation and execution of marketing objectives, policies and programs
• commissioning and undertaking market research to identify market opportunities for new and existing goods and services
• advising on all elements of marketing such as product mix, pricing, advertising and sales promotion, selling, and distribution channels
• creating, scheduling and publishing marketing content to social media platforms and websites
• applying statistical modelling methods to determine the potential impact of pricing strategies on profitability
• monitoring performance of initiatives, providing regular reporting and insights as required
• analysing data from digital marketing campaigns and platforms
• recommending updates to digital content to improve search engine metrics

• 225111 Advertising Specialist
• 225112 Market Research Analyst
• 225113 Marketing Specialist
• 225114 Content Creator (Marketing)
• 225115 Digital Marketing Analyst 

Alternative Titles:

• Advertising Account Executive
• Advertising Account Manager
• Creative Director (Advertising)

Devises and coordinates advertising campaigns which encourage consumers to purchase particular goods or services.

Skill Level: 1

Assist organisations to understand current and predict future consumer behaviours through the collection and analysis of data. This data is likely to be obtained through consumer surveys and interviews conducted online or in store. 

Skill Level: 1

Alternative Titles:

• Marketing Consultant
• Marketing Coordinator
• Marketing Officer

Identifies market opportunities and advises on the development, coordination and implementation of plans for pricing and promoting an organisation's goods and services.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Brand Manager
• Category Manager
• Pricing Analyst
• Product Manager
• Sales Promotion Officer

Alternative Title:

• Social Media Specialist (Marketing)

Creates and publishes text, photos and videos designed to promote businesses, products or services, to social media and digital platforms, to grow an audience, build brand awareness and increase sales. Schedules the release of, and updates to, marketing content on these platforms.

This occupation excludes Social Media Influencers. Social Media Influencers are included in Occupation 639111 Model.

Skill Level: 1

Uses tools and techniques such as Pay per click, Search Engine Optimisation (SEO) and tracking customer behaviour on websites to better understand online consumer behaviour; with the aim of improving digital marketing campaigns and ultimately increasing sales.

Skill Level: 1

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience and/or relevant vendor certification may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

• compiling lists of prospective client businesses using trade directories and other sources
• acquiring and updating knowledge of employer's and competitors' goods and services, and market conditions
• visiting regular and prospective client businesses to establish and act on selling opportunities
• assessing customers' needs and explaining the goods and services which meet their needs
• promoting employers' ICT goods and services to existing and prospective clients
• quoting and negotiating prices and credit terms, and completing contracts and recording orders
• arranging delivery of goods, installation of equipment and the provision of services
• reporting to sales management on sales made and the marketability of ICT goods and services
• following up with clients to ensure satisfaction with ICT goods and services purchased, arranging modifications and resolving any problems arising
• preparing sales reports, and maintaining and submitting records of business expenses incurred

• 225211 ICT Account Manager
• 225212 ICT Business Development Manager
• 225213 ICT Sales Representative

Manages sale of computer hardware, software and services to existing account clients and identifies further sales opportunities within these accounts, builds new account clients, manages customer satisfaction and retention, and coordinates the preparation and presentation of ICT sales proposals and tenders.

Skill Level: 1

Identifies and generates new ICT business opportunities to further improve market share and awareness by gaining an understanding of customers' ICT needs and promoting goods and services to these customers. May manage some key customer accounts.

Skill Level: 1

Develops and converts sales opportunities into sales of computer hardware, software and ICT services.

Skill Level: 1

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

• planning and organising publicity campaigns and communication strategies
• advising executives on the public relations implications of their policies, programs and practices
• preparing and controlling the issue of news and press releases
• undertaking and commissioning public opinion research, analysing the findings, and planning public relations and promotional campaigns
• organising special events, seminars, entertainment, competitions and social functions to promote goodwill and favourable publicity
• representing organisations and arranging executive interviews with publicity media
• attending business, social and other functions to promote the organisation
• commissioning and obtaining photographs and other illustrative material
• selecting, appraising and revising material submitted by publicity writers, Photographers, Illustrators, and others to create favourable publicity

• 225311 Public Relations Professional

Plans, develops, implements and evaluates information and communication strategies that create an understanding and a favourable view of an organisation, its goods and services, and its role in the community.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Media Liaison Officer
• Press Officer
• Promotions Officer
• Public Affairs Officer
• Public Relations Consultant
• Public Relations Officer

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

• compiling lists of prospective client businesses using directories and other sources
• acquiring and updating knowledge of employers' and competitors' goods and services, and market conditions
• visiting regular and prospective client businesses to establish and act on selling opportunities
• assessing customers' needs and recommending and explaining goods and services to them
• monitoring customers' changing needs and competitor activity, and reporting these developments to sales management
• quoting and negotiating prices and credit terms, and completing contracts and recording orders
• arranging delivery of goods, installation of equipment and the provision of services
• reporting to sales management on sales made and the marketability of goods and services
• following up with clients to ensure satisfaction with goods and services purchased, and resolving any problems arising
• preparing sales reports and maintaining and submitting records of business expenses incurred

• 225411 Sales Representative (Industrial Products)
• 225412 Sales Representative (Medical and Pharmaceutical Products)
• 225499 Technical Sales Representatives nec

Represents companies in selling a range of specialised chemicals, machines, manufacturing materials and other industrial supplies.

Skill Level: 1

Represents companies in selling medical, dental and veterinary equipment and supplies, and pharmaceutical products.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisation:

• Medical Representative

This occupation group covers Technical Sales Representatives not elsewhere classified.

Skill Level: 1

Occupations in this group include:

• Sales Representative (Educational Products and Services)