GROSS EXPENDITURE ON R&D (GERD)
Gross expenditure of R&D (GERD) represents the total expenditure devoted to R&D by the business, government, private non-profit and higher education sectors. Data for the government, private non-profit and higher education sectors have been carefully modelled (using linear interpolation methodology) to provide an estimate of their 2013-14 R&D expenditure on R&D as they were not collected during the reference year.
GERD 2013-14
The 2013-14 GERD for Australia was $33,472 million, an increase of $1,807 million (6%) from 2011-12.
GERD, by sector |
|
 | 2004-05 | 2006-07 | 2008-09 | 2010-11 | 2011-12 | 2013-14 |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m |
|
| Business | 8 676 | 12 639 | 17 291 | 18 007 | 18 321 | 18 849 |
| Government | 2 486 | 3 095 | 3 420 | (a)3 833 | 3 533 | (a)3 752 |
| Higher education | 4 327 | 5 434 | 6 844 | 8 161 | (a)8 885 | (a)9 919 |
| Private non-profit | 479 | 609 | 744 | (a)914 | 925 | (a)952 |
| Total(b) | 15 969 | 21 777 | 28 299 | (a)30 915 | (a)31 665 | (a)33 472 |
|
| (a) These estimates have been carefully modelled. |
| (b) Where figures have been rounded, discrepancies may occur between the sum of the component items and totals. |
GERD and Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
GERD as a proportion of GDP fell slightly, down from 2.13% in 2011-12 to 2.12% in 2013-14.
GERD, as a proportion of GDP(a) |
|
| 2004-05 | 2006-07 | 2008-09 | 2010-11 | 2011-12 | 2013-14 |
| % | % | % | % | % | % |
|
| GERD/GDP | 1.73 | 2.00 | 2.25 | 2.20 | 2.13 | 2.12 |
|
| (a) Refer to the Explanatory Notes for details. |
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