Appendix 1 Data used in calculating death rates
Data input
The following tables contain data used in calculating the various rates referred to in this publication.
Table A1.1 presents Estimated Resident Population (ERP) as at 30 June 2016. These data have been used to calculate Standardised Death Rates, Age-specific death rates and Years of Potential Life Lost for 2016 data. These data were released in Australian Demographic Statistics, Dec 2016 (cat. no. 3101.0), on 27 June, 2017.
The rates produced for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander persons in this publication are based on estimates and projections. For calculating rates for 2016, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population data is based on 2016-Census-based estimates released in Australian Demographic Statistics, December Quarter, 2016 (cat. no. 3101.0) on 27 September, 2017. For calculating rates for years prior to 2016, including aggregated data for 2012-2016, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population data are based on Series B population projections released in Estimates and Projections, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians, 2001 to 2026 (cat. no. 3238.0), which are based on the 2011 Census. When comparison rates are produced for non-Indigenous persons, the denominator is derived by subtracting the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population estimates/projections from the relevant total persons ERP. Such figures have a degree of uncertainty and should be used with caution, particularly as the time from the base year of the projection series increases. Furthermore, rates calculated from population denominators derived from different Censuses may cause artificially large rate differences. Rate comparisons made between the 2016 reference year and prior reference years should therefore be made with extreme caution. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population projections based on the 2016 Census will be released in Estimates and Projections, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians (cat. no. 3238.0) in 2019.
A1.1 Estimated Resident Population, by age and sex: 30 June 2016 |
|
 | Males | Females | Persons |
|
Under 1 | 163 260 | 154 319 | 317 579 |
1-4 | 644 849 | 611 675 | 1 256 524 |
5-9 | 804 159 | 762 928 | 1 567 087 |
10-14 | 735 400 | 696 325 | 1 431 725 |
15-19 | 755 917 | 720 085 | 1 476 002 |
20-24 | 866 128 | 830 358 | 1 696 486 |
25-29 | 909 656 | 908 879 | 1 818 535 |
30-34 | 892 953 | 903 259 | 1 796 212 |
35-39 | 802 100 | 806 038 | 1 608 138 |
40-44 | 808 149 | 820 061 | 1 628 210 |
45-49 | 786 139 | 820 203 | 1 606 342 |
50-54 | 763 717 | 787 079 | 1 550 796 |
55-59 | 724 403 | 753 160 | 1 477 563 |
60-64 | 638 275 | 667 824 | 1 306 099 |
65-69 | 589 768 | 604 480 | 1 194 248 |
70-74 | 436 952 | 453 269 | 890 221 |
75-79 | 308 234 | 342 900 | 651 134 |
80-84 | 202 548 | 252 629 | 455 177 |
85-89 | 122 459 | 182 989 | 305 448 |
90-94 | 46 819 | 93 291 | 140 110 |
95 and over | 9 961 | 27 212 | 37 173 |
All ages | 12 011 846 | 12 198 963 | 24 210 809 |
|
Table A1.2 presents the number of live births for Australia for 2007 to 2016. These data have been used in calculating infant death rates - the number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1,000 live births in the same period. Data for 2007 to 2015 were released in
Births, Australia, 2015 (cat. no. 3301.0). At the time of this publication's release, a summary of births data for 2016 is presented in Deaths, Australia, 2016 (cat. no. 3302.0)
.
A1.2 Live births registered, Australia: 2007, 2012-2016 |
|
 | Males | Females | Persons |
|
2007 | 150 029 | 142 123 | 292 152 |
2012 | 158 988 | 150 594 | 309 582 |
2013 | 158 706 | 149 359 | 308 065 |
2014 | 153 592 | 146 105 | 299 697 |
2015 | 157 088 | 148 289 | 305 377 |
2016 | 159 537 | 151 567 | 311 104 |
|
Perinatal Death Rate
For comparison and measuring purposes, perinatal deaths in this publication have also been expressed as rates. These rates are defined as follows:
- for fetal deaths and total perinatal deaths, the rates represent the number of deaths per 1,000 all births, which comprises live births and fetal deaths combined (where gestation is at least 20 weeks or birth weight is at least 400 grams).
- for neonatal deaths, the rates represent the number of deaths per 1,000 live births.
20 weeks' gestation or 400 grams birth weight
The following tables contain births data used in calculating perinatal death rates. Tables A1.3 and A1.4 are used to calculate perinatal death rates based on the 20 weeks' gestation or 400 grams birth weight definition for fetal deaths. In this publication, this definition has been applied to all 2007-2016 reference year data, with exception to one table in the Perinatal data cube, which applies the World Health Organisation definition of a perinatal death (see details further below).
A1.3 All births(a), by sex of child(b) - and state or territory of usual residence of mother |
|
 |  | STATE OR TERRITORY OF USUAL RESIDENCE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 |  | NSW | Vic. | Qld | SA | WA | Tas. | NT | ACT | Aust.(d) |
2016 |
|
Live Births |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 49 220 | 42 438 | 31 495 | 10 240 | 18 396 | 3 052 | 2 033 | 2 647 | 159 537 |
 | Females | 46 863 | 40 454 | 30 346 | 9 532 | 17 033 | 2 916 | 1 894 | 2 505 | 151 567 |
 | Persons | 96 083 | 82 892 | 61 841 | 19 772 | 35 429 | 5 968 | 3 927 | 5 152 | 311 104 |
Stillbirths(c) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 237 | 249 | 212 | 30 | 130 | 29 | 18 | 11 | 916 |
 | Females | 225 | 204 | 190 | 38 | 96 | 20 | 9 | 11 | 793 |
 | Persons(b) | 465 | 460 | 406 | 68 | 226 | 49 | 28 | 22 | 1724 |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 49 457 | 42 687 | 31 707 | 10 270 | 18 526 | 3 081 | 2 051 | 2 658 | 160 453 |
 | Females | 47 088 | 40 658 | 30 536 | 9 570 | 17 129 | 2 936 | 1 903 | 2 516 | 152 360 |
 | Persons(b) | 96 548 | 83 352 | 62 247 | 19 840 | 35 655 | 6 017 | 3 955 | 5 174 | 312 828 |
2015 |
|
Live Births |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 51 342 | 37 832 | 31 850 | 10 018 | 18 076 | 2 932 | 2 109 | 2 910 | 157 088 |
 | Females | 48 737 | 35 736 | 29 895 | 9 569 | 17 059 | 2 748 | 1 895 | 2 632 | 148 289 |
 | Persons | 100 079 | 73 568 | 61 745 | 19 587 | 35 135 | 5 680 | 4 004 | 5 542 | 305 377 |
Stillbirths(c) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 294 | 168 | 205 | 49 | 126 | 20 | 16 | 18 | 896 |
 | Females | 240 | 172 | 192 | 35 | 115 | 17 | 21 | 10 | 802 |
 | Persons(b) | 540 | 348 | 400 | 84 | 242 | 38 | 38 | 28 | 1 718 |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 51 636 | 38 000 | 32 055 | 10 067 | 18 202 | 2 952 | 2 125 | 2 928 | 157 984 |
 | Females | 48 977 | 35 908 | 30 087 | 9 604 | 17 174 | 2 765 | 1 916 | 2 642 | 149 091 |
 | Persons(b) | 100 619 | 73 916 | 62 145 | 19 671 | 35 377 | 5 718 | 4 042 | 5 570 | 307 095 |
2014 |
|
Live Births |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 46 689 | 38 057 | 32 292 | 10 370 | 18 184 | 3 029 | 2 072 | 2 883 | 153 592 |
 | Females | 44 385 | 36 167 | 30 774 | 10 014 | 17 219 | 2 906 | 1 954 | 2 669 | 146 105 |
 | Persons | 91 074 | 74 224 | 63 066 | 20 384 | 35 403 | 5 935 | 4 026 | 5 552 | 299 697 |
Stillbirths(c) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 202 | 197 | 231 | 45 | 125 | 34 | 11 | 23 | 868 |
 | Females | 201 | 194 | 190 | 42 | 113 | 35 | 17 | 20 | 812 |
 | Persons(b) | 405 | 402 | 424 | 88 | 238 | 69 | 29 | 43 | 1 698 |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 46 891 | 38 254 | 32 523 | 10 415 | 18 309 | 3 063 | 2 083 | 2 906 | 154 460 |
 | Females | 44 586 | 36 361 | 30 964 | 10 056 | 17 332 | 2 941 | 1 971 | 2 689 | 146 917 |
 | Persons(b) | 91 479 | 74 626 | 63 490 | 20 472 | 35 641 | 6 004 | 4 055 | 5 595 | 301 395 |
2013 |
|
Live Births |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 51 875 | 38 056 | 32 759 | 10 435 | 17 674 | 3 035 | 2 025 | 2 831 | 158 706 |
 | Females | 48 587 | 35 913 | 30 595 | 9 655 | 16 842 | 3 014 | 2 028 | 2 714 | 149 359 |
 | Persons | 100 462 | 73 969 | 63 354 | 20 090 | 34 516 | 6 049 | 4 053 | 5 545 | 308 065 |
Stillbirths(c) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 281 | 243 | 205 | 39 | 115 | 24 | 22 | 12 | 941 |
 | Females | 278 | 204 | 168 | 36 | 90 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 826 |
 | Persons(b) | 561 | 450 | 376 | 77 | 205 | 44 | 39 | 29 | 1 781 |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 52 156 | 38 299 | 32 964 | 10 474 | 17 789 | 3 059 | 2 047 | 2 843 | 159 647 |
 | Females | 48 865 | 36 117 | 30 763 | 9 691 | 16 932 | 3 032 | 2 045 | 2 729 | 150 185 |
 | Persons(b) | 101 023 | 74 419 | 63 730 | 20 167 | 34 721 | 6 093 | 4 092 | 5 574 | 309 846 |
2012 |
|
Live Births |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 50 641 | 39 656 | 32 876 | 10 517 | 17 254 | 3 144 | 2 078 | 2 803 | 158 988 |
 | Females | 47 867 | 37 749 | 30 961 | 9 916 | 16 373 | 3 024 | 2 026 | 2 658 | 150 594 |
 | Persons | 98 508 | 77 405 | 63 837 | 20 433 | 33 627 | 6 168 | 4 104 | 5 461 | 309 582 |
Stillbirths(c) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 283 | 219 | 216 | 37 | 118 | 27 | 15 | 21 | 943 |
 | Females | 230 | 211 | 233 | 34 | 121 | 18 | 8 | 18 | 875 |
 | Persons(b) | 517 | 435 | 452 | 71 | 239 | 45 | 23 | 41 | 1 832 |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 50 924 | 39 875 | 33 092 | 10 554 | 17 372 | 3 171 | 2 093 | 2 824 | 159 931 |
 | Females | 48 097 | 37 960 | 31 194 | 9 950 | 16 494 | 3 042 | 2 034 | 2 676 | 151 469 |
 | Persons(b) | 99 025 | 77 840 | 64 289 | 20 504 | 33 866 | 6 213 | 4 127 | 5 502 | 311 414 |
2011 |
|
Live Births |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 50 986 | 36 900 | 32 237 | 10 146 | 16 557 | 3 405 | 2 039 | 2 708 | 154 996 |
 | Females | 48 068 | 34 544 | 31 016 | 9 746 | 15 702 | 3 203 | 1 915 | 2 413 | 146 621 |
 | Persons | 99 054 | 71 444 | 63 253 | 19 892 | 32 259 | 6 608 | 3 954 | 5 121 | 301 617 |
Stillbirths(c) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 281 | 227 | 181 | 42 | 128 | 26 | 21 | 15 | 923 |
 | Females | 231 | 170 | 194 | 46 | 126 | 23 | 13 | 13 | 818 |
 | Persons(b) | 513 | 400 | 377 | 89 | 254 | 49 | 34 | 28 | 1 748 |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 51 267 | 37 127 | 32 418 | 10 188 | 16 685 | 3 431 | 2 060 | 2 723 | 155 919 |
 | Females | 48 299 | 34 714 | 31 210 | 9 792 | 15 828 | 3 226 | 1 928 | 2 426 | 147 439 |
 | Persons(b) | 99 567 | 71 844 | 63 630 | 19 981 | 32 513 | 6 657 | 3 988 | 5 149 | 303 365 |
2010 |
|
Live Births |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 51 943 | 36 141 | 33 031 | 10 397 | 16 063 | 3 317 | 2 026 | 2 662 | 155 591 |
 | Females | 49 323 | 34 431 | 31 492 | 9 681 | 15 361 | 3 068 | 1 873 | 2 490 | 147 727 |
 | Persons | 101 266 | 70 572 | 64 523 | 20 078 | 31 424 | 6 385 | 3 899 | 5 152 | 303 318 |
Stillbirths(c) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 270 | 209 | 229 | 39 | 92 | 33 | 18 | 44 | 934 |
 | Females | 228 | 194 | 204 | 39 | 93 | 21 | 13 | 27 | 819 |
 | Persons(b) | 499 | 407 | 441 | 78 | 185 | 54 | 31 | 72 | 1 767 |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 52 213 | 36 350 | 33 260 | 10 436 | 16 155 | 3 350 | 2 044 | 2 706 | 156 525 |
 | Females | 49 551 | 34 625 | 31 696 | 9 720 | 15 454 | 3 089 | 1 886 | 2 517 | 148 546 |
 | Persons(b) | 101 765 | 70 979 | 64 964 | 20 156 | 31 609 | 6 439 | 3 930 | 5 224 | 305 085 |
2009 |
|
Live Births |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 50 411 | 36 284 | 34 086 | 10 233 | 15 896 | 3 392 | 1 991 | 2 574 | 154 875 |
 | Females | 47 820 | 34 644 | 32 063 | 9 502 | 14 983 | 3 235 | 1 829 | 2 286 | 146 378 |
 | Persons | 98 231 | 70 928 | 66 149 | 19 735 | 30 879 | 6 627 | 3 820 | 4 860 | 301 253 |
Stillbirths(c) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 250 | 236 | 238 | 35 | 121 | 31 | 18 | 18 | 947 |
 | Females | 240 | 194 | 199 | 40 | 94 | 25 | 20 | 7 | 820 |
 | Persons(b) | 495 | 432 | 441 | 75 | 215 | 57 | 39 | 25 | 1 780 |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 50 661 | 36 520 | 34 324 | 10 268 | 16 017 | 3 423 | 2 009 | 2 592 | 155 822 |
 | Females | 48 060 | 34 838 | 32 262 | 9 542 | 15 077 | 3 260 | 1 849 | 2 293 | 147 198 |
 | Persons(b) | 98 726 | 71 360 | 66 590 | 19 810 | 31 094 | 6 684 | 3 859 | 4 885 | 303 033 |
2008 |
|
Live Births |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 51 205 | 36 786 | 32 609 | 10 333 | 16 318 | 3 453 | 2 008 | 2 471 | 155 204 |
 | Females | 49 071 | 34 398 | 30 559 | 9 896 | 15 533 | 3 322 | 1 936 | 2 337 | 147 068 |
 | Persons | 100 276 | 71 184 | 63 168 | 20 229 | 31 851 | 6 775 | 3 944 | 4 808 | 302 272 |
Stillbirths(c) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 251 | 189 | 207 | 45 | 105 | 31 | 10 | 5 | 843 |
 | Females | 214 | 190 | 186 | 49 | 96 | 16 | 11 | 9 | 771 |
 | Persons(b) | 468 | 380 | 422 | 95 | 201 | 47 | 21 | 14 | 1 648 |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 51 456 | 36 975 | 32 816 | 10 378 | 16 423 | 3 484 | 2 018 | 2 476 | 156 047 |
 | Females | 49 285 | 34 588 | 30 745 | 9 945 | 15 629 | 3 338 | 1 947 | 2 346 | 147 839 |
 | Persons(b) | 100 744 | 71 564 | 63 590 | 20 324 | 32 052 | 6 822 | 3 965 | 4 822 | 303 920 |
2007 |
|
Live Births |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 49 442 | 36 121 | 31 692 | 9 899 | 15 022 | 3 393 | 2 020 | 2 429 | 150 029 |
 | Females | 46 909 | 34 204 | 29 614 | 9 767 | 14 143 | 3 270 | 1 876 | 2 328 | 142 123 |
 | Persons | 96 351 | 70 325 | 61 306 | 19 666 | 29 165 | 6 663 | 3 896 | 4 757 | 292 152 |
Stillbirths(c) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 252 | 208 | 234 | 33 | 92 | 23 | 10 | 17 | 869 |
 | Females | 243 | 195 | 200 | 45 | 69 | 18 | 19 | 13 | 802 |
 | Persons(b) | 496 | 407 | 434 | 78 | 161 | 41 | 29 | 30 | 1 676 |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Males | 49 694 | 36 329 | 31 926 | 9 932 | 15 114 | 3 416 | 2 030 | 2 446 | 150 898 |
 | Females | 47 152 | 34 399 | 29 814 | 9 812 | 14 212 | 3 288 | 1 895 | 2 341 | 142 925 |
 | Persons(b) | 96 847 | 70 732 | 61 740 | 19 744 | 29 326 | 6 704 | 3 925 | 4 787 | 293 828 |
|
(a) All births consists of all live births, plus all fetal deaths that conform to the 20 weeks' gestation or 400 grams birth weight definition. |
(b) The stillbirths count for 'Persons' includes those stillbirth deaths for which the sex could not be determined. The sum of male and female stillbirths may therefore not sum to the Persons total. |
(c) Includes those where it is unknown if heartbeat ceased before or after the delivery.
(d) Includes Other Territories. |
A1.4 All births(a), by sex(b) |
|
 | Live Births | Stillbirths(c) | Total |
 | Males | Females | Persons | Males | Females | Persons(b) | Males | Females | Persons(b) |
|
2016 | 159 537 | 151 567 | 311 104 | 916 | 793 | 1 724 | 160 453 | 152 360 | 312 828 |
2015 | 157 088 | 148 289 | 305 377 | 896 | 802 | 1 718 | 157 984 | 149 091 | 307 095 |
2014 | 153 592 | 146 105 | 299 697 | 868 | 812 | 1 698 | 154 460 | 146 917 | 301 395 |
2013 | 158 706 | 149 359 | 308 065 | 941 | 826 | 1 781 | 159 647 | 150 185 | 309 846 |
2012 | 158 988 | 150 594 | 309 582 | 943 | 875 | 1 832 | 159 931 | 151 469 | 311 414 |
2011 | 154 996 | 146 621 | 301 617 | 923 | 818 | 1 748 | 155 919 | 147 439 | 303 365 |
2010 | 155 591 | 147 727 | 303 318 | 934 | 819 | 1 767 | 156 525 | 148 546 | 305 085 |
2009 | 154 875 | 146 378 | 301 253 | 947 | 820 | 1 780 | 155 822 | 147 198 | 303 033 |
2008 | 155 204 | 147 068 | 302 272 | 843 | 771 | 1 648 | 156 047 | 147 839 | 303 920 |
2007 | 150 029 | 142 123 | 292 152 | 869 | 802 | 1 676 | 150 898 | 142 925 | 293 828 |
|
(a) All births consists of all live births, plus all fetal deaths that conform to the 20 weeks' gestation or 400 grams birth weight definition. |
(b) The stillbirths count for 'Persons' includes those stillbirth deaths for which the sex could not be determined. The sum of male and female stillbirths may therefore not sum to the Persons total. |
(c) Includes those where it is unknown if heartbeat ceased before or after the delivery. |
22 weeks' gestation or 500 grams birth weight
Table A1.5 contains births data used in the calculation of perinatal death rates based on the WHO definition of all neonatal deaths and those fetal deaths of 22 weeks' gestation or 500 grams birth weight. A time series of perinatal death counts based on the WHO definition is presented in the Perinatal datacube.
A1.5 All births(a), by sex(b) |
|
 | Live Births | Stillbirths(c) | Total |
 | Males | Females | Persons | Males | Females | Persons(b) | Males | Females | Persons(b) |
|
2016 | 159 537 | 151 567 | 311 104 | 767 | 675 | 1 451 | 160 453 | 152 360 | 312 828 |
2015 | 157 088 | 148 289 | 305 377 | 775 | 715 | 1 505 | 157 984 | 149 091 | 307 095 |
2014 | 153 592 | 146 105 | 299 697 | 759 | 738 | 1 513 | 154 460 | 146 917 | 301 395 |
2013 | 158 706 | 149 359 | 308 065 | 830 | 760 | 1 603 | 159 647 | 150 185 | 309 846 |
2012 | 158 988 | 150 594 | 309 582 | 784 | 718 | 1 514 | 159 931 | 151 469 | 311 414 |
2011 | 154 996 | 146 621 | 301 617 | 741 | 672 | 1 416 | 155 919 | 147 439 | 303 365 |
2010 | 155 591 | 147 727 | 303 318 | 797 | 721 | 1 524 | 156 525 | 148 546 | 305 085 |
2009 | 154 875 | 146 378 | 301 253 | 896 | 771 | 1 679 | 155 822 | 147 198 | 303 033 |
2008 | 155 204 | 147 068 | 302 272 | 771 | 711 | 1 513 | 156 047 | 147 839 | 303 920 |
2007 | 150 029 | 142 123 | 292 152 | 763 | 713 | 1 481 | 150 898 | 142 925 | 293 828 |
|
(a) All births consists of all live births, plus all fetal deaths that conform to the 22 weeks' gestation or 500 grams birth weight definition. |
(b) The stillbirths count for 'Persons' includes those stillbirth deaths for which the sex could not be determined. The sum of male and female stillbirths may therefore not sum to the Persons total. |
(c) Includes those where it is unknown if heartbeat ceased before or after the delivery.
(d) The count of fetal deaths in scope for the World Health Organisation (WHO) definition of perinatal deaths differs to those previously published for 2012 and 2015. This is due to an enhancement to birth weight and gestation information, which resulted in some deaths no longer meeting the World Health Organisation definition of a fetal death (that is, a gestational age of at least 22 weeks or weighing at least 500 grams). For 2012, there are two fewer fetal deaths than previously published (1 male and 1 female). For 2015, there are 38 fewer fetal deaths than previously published (18 males, 19 females, 1 death of undetermined sex). Some corresponding death rates have also been affected. No other tables in this data cube are affected by these changes. |