8163.0 - Patterns of Innovation in Australian Businesses, 2005  
ARCHIVED ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 01/11/2007   
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APPENDIX 2 RESULTS OF THE CHI-SQUARE TESTS

A chi-square test was used to test the hypothesis of independence of chosen pairs of attributes. The statistical test was done using SAS program using a 5% significant level. A test statistic that was greater than the critical value at the 5% significance level for an appropriate number of degrees of freedom led to the rejection of the null hypothesis that attributes in question were independent. Under the hypothesis of independence this test statistic has a Chi-square asymptotic distribution.

Table A1, Chi-square test results
Reference
Degrees
of freedom
Null hypothesis
Estimated value of Chi-square
Critical
value of
Chi-square
Decision
taken 		Inference
Figure 4
11
Being a goods or services innovator is independent of being in a particular industry
115
20
Reject
the null hypothesis 		Being in a particular industry may have an influence on being a goods or services innovator
Figure 6
11
Being an organisational process innovator is independent of being in a particular industry
43
20
Reject
the null hypothesis 		Being in a particular industry may have an influence on being a organisational process innovator
Table 4
33
Degree of novelty in goods or services innovation is independent of being a particular industry
127
47
Reject
the null hypothesis 		Being in a particular industry may have an influence on the degree of novelty in goods or services innovation
Figure 9
5
Being an innovator is independent of being in a particular firm size
488
11
Reject
the null hypothesis 		Being in a particular firm size may have an influence on being an innovator
Table 11
15
Degree of novelty in goods or service innovation is independent of being in a particular firm size
61
25
Reject
the null hypothesis 		Being in a particular firm size may have an influence on the degree of novelty in goods or services innovation
Table 12
15
Degree of novelty in operational process innovation is independent of being in a particular firm size
75
25
Reject
the null hypothesis 		Being in a particular firm size may have an influence on the degree of novelty in operational process innovation
Table 18
9
Degree of novelty in goods or service innovation is independent of degree of foreign ownership type
63
17
Reject
the null hypothesis 		Degree of foreign ownership may have an influence on degree of novelty in goods or services innovation