Labour Force, Australia

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Headline estimates of employment, unemployment, underemployment, participation and hours worked from the monthly Labour Force Survey

Reference period

March 2020

Released

16/04/2020

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Release date and time

16/04/2020 11:30am AEST

Key statistics

Trend estimates for March 2020:

Unemployment rate remained at 5.2%.
Participation rate remained at 66.0%.
Employment increased to 13,020,500.
Employment to population ratio remained at 62.6%.
Underemployment rate increased to 8.7%.
Monthly hours worked increased to 1,782 million hours.

		Feb 20	Mar 20	Monthly change	Yearly change
Trend
	Employed people	13,003,700	13,020,500	16,800	1.8%
	Unemployed people	709,800	713,300	3,500	4.0%
	Unemployment rate	5.2%	5.2%	0.0 pts	0.1 pts
	Underemployment rate	8.6%	8.7%	0.1 pts	0.4 pts
	Participation rate	66.0%	66.0%	0.0 pts	0.2 pts
	Monthly hours worked in all jobs	1,781 million	1,782 million	0 million	0.8%
Seasonally adjusted
	Employed people	13,011,700	13,017,600	5,900	1.8%
	Unemployed people	698,400	718,600	20,300	4.8%
	Unemployment rate	5.1%	5.2%	0.1 pts	0.1 pts
	Underemployment rate	8.7%	8.8%	0.1 pts	0.6 pts
	Participation rate	66.0%	66.0%	0.0 pts	0.3 pts
	Monthly hours worked in all jobs	1,776 million	1,785 million	9 million	0.7%

Managing the impact of Coronavirus (COVID-19) on labour force statistics

The ABS is currently monitoring for potential impacts from the coronavirus (COVID-19) on Labour Force statistics and will continue to do so for the duration of the pandemic.

Quality assurance of March data did not identify any major impact to headline statistics, with only some small early impacts evident, particularly in hours worked. It is important to note that the reference period for March was 1-14 March, which was before a global pandemic was declared and before the major actions in Australia to contain the spread of the virus.

As with other major disruption to the economy, early impacts are usually most evident in the monthly hours worked in all jobs series (Data downloads Table 19). Additional information, such as the reason people worked fewer hours than usual, is available within Labour Force, Australia, Detailed, due for release on 23 April. Some of the aggregate information, in original terms, from the detailed release has been published in an article in this release, to assist in analysis of March Labour Force data. This information can be found in Insights into hours worked. Some caution needs to be exercised when using original data at more disaggregated levels, as they are subject to larger sampling variability and seasonal patterns.

Additional supporting information can also be found in Classifying people during the COVID-19 period and People moving into or out of employment or unemployment every month.

The ABS will also be actively managing the potential risks from COVID-19 to data collection operations. Around 90% of responses to the Labour Force Survey are usually provided through telephone interviews or online, leaving around 10% involving face-to-face interviews.

While the ABS suspended face-to-face interviews during the last week of March 2020 enumeration, there was no notable impact on survey collection operations or the quality of March data, with response to the survey at a similar level to previous months. The ABS acknowledges the continued support of Australians in responding to our surveys during such a difficult time, given how critically important this information is.

Additionally, travel restrictions have meant that ABS interviewers have not been able to collect Labour Force data from some remote and very remote Indigenous communities. To ensure that the contribution from these communities remains represented within Labour Force statistics, the ABS has imputed some information. It is expected that the ABS will continue with this approach for the duration of the pandemic.

Shows the reference period for March was 1-14 March, which was before a global pandemic was declared and before the major actions in Australia to contain the spread of the virus.

Impacts of Coronavirus (COVID-19) on trend estimation and seasonal adjustment in the Labour Force Survey

Time series and sudden changes in the labour market

Trend and seasonally adjusted Labour Force Survey estimates are important for understanding the current state of the labour market, and providing medium and long-term signals.

However, unusual, sudden and/or extreme changes in the labour market (e.g. changes to regular and seasonal patterns in employment, working hours, job search or availability as a result of COVID-19) can be difficult to account for in the short-term in both seasonal adjustment and trend estimation processes.

The ABS has been monitoring the impacts from COVID-19 on labour force time series, and considering what changes may be required in future months to ensure they continue to provide a meaningful indicator of current labour market activity.

Trend and seasonally adjusted estimates for March

The trend and seasonally adjusted estimates for March have not been impacted as a result of COVID-19, and they continue to provide a robust measure of the labour market.

This is primarily due to the reference weeks falling in the first half of March, when there was a relatively low number of confirmed COVID-19 cases within Australia, and many of the additional social distancing measures, shutdowns of non-essential services and trading restrictions had either not yet been announced or taken effect.

Changes in trend and seasonal adjustment series from April

The ABS expects that there will be considerable month-to-month changes in Labour Force time series estimates from April onwards, which may necessitate changes to both trend and seasonally adjusted series.

It is likely that the seasonal adjustment process for some series will need to move to a methodology better suited to large movements at the end point (for example, the use of a forward (seasonal) factors method). Any changes made will be done so as to ensure that if there are large changes in the data, these will not have a disproportionate influence on the seasonal factors, as would be the case if the standard method of concurrent seasonal factors continued to be used.

The ABS will also consider whether to temporarily suspend trend estimates from April 2020 data (which will be released in May), until more certainty emerges in the underlying trend in labour market activity over the COVID-19 pandemic period. While trend estimates are generally the best measure of the underlying behaviour of the labour market, any large changes in the labour market as a result of COVID-19 will likely make it difficult to estimate a reliable short-term indicator of the trend.

Once further data are available, trend and/or seasonal breaks may be estimated and applied to improve published labour force time series estimates. The ABS will also provide regular updates on the status of trend and seasonally adjusted estimates.

Any change in approach for labour force statistics will be broadly consistent with the approach being taken across the range of other ABS time series.

For a more detailed discussion on the implications of unusual events on time series, see When it's not "business-as-usual": Implications for ABS Time Series.

Further information

For further information on the impact of COVID-19 on labour force time series, or on labour force statistics more generally, please email labour.statistics@abs.gov.au.

Additional labour market data to be published during COVID-19 pandemic

Managing the impact of the bushfires on labour force statistics

All data are trend unless otherwise stated. The trend series smooths the more volatile seasonally adjusted estimates and provides the best measure of the underlying behaviour of the labour market.

Estimates of changes are calculated using un-rounded level estimates, and may be different from, but are more accurate than, movements obtained from the rounded level estimates.

Articles

This release includes four articles:

Unemployment

In March 2020:

the unemployment rate remained steady at 5.2% (0.1 pts higher than a year ago)
unemployed people decreased by 3,500 to 713,300 (and increased by 27,300 over the year to March 2020)
the youth unemployment rate (i.e. for those aged 15-24) remained steady at 11.8% (and increased 0.1 pts over the year to March 2020)

In seasonally adjusted terms, in March 2020:

the unemployment rate increased by 0.1 pts to 5.2% (0.1 pts higher than a year ago)
unemployed people increased by 20,300 to 718,600 (and increased by 33,200 over the year to March 2020)
the youth unemployment rate decreased by 0.5 pts to 11.6% (and decreased by 0.2 pts over the year to March 2020)

Unemployment rate
	Trend (%)	Seasonally adjusted (%)
Mar-10	5.4	5.4
Apr-10	5.3	5.5
May-10	5.3	5.2
Jun-10	5.2	5.1
Jul-10	5.2	5.3
Aug-10	5.2	5.0
Sep-10	5.1	5.1
Oct-10	5.1	5.3
Nov-10	5.1	5.1
Dec-10	5.0	4.9
Jan-11	5.0	5.0
Feb-11	5.0	5.0
Mar-11	5.0	4.9
Apr-11	5.0	5.0
May-11	5.0	5.0
Jun-11	5.0	4.9
Jul-11	5.1	5.1
Aug-11	5.2	5.3
Sep-11	5.2	5.2
Oct-11	5.3	5.2
Nov-11	5.3	5.2
Dec-11	5.2	5.2
Jan-12	5.2	5.0
Feb-12	5.2	5.2
Mar-12	5.1	5.2
Apr-12	5.1	5.0
May-12	5.2	5.2
Jun-12	5.2	5.2
Jul-12	5.2	5.2
Aug-12	5.3	5.1
Sep-12	5.3	5.5
Oct-12	5.3	5.4
Nov-12	5.4	5.3
Dec-12	5.4	5.4
Jan-13	5.4	5.4
Feb-13	5.5	5.4
Mar-13	5.6	5.6
Apr-13	5.6	5.6
May-13	5.6	5.6
Jun-13	5.7	5.7
Jul-13	5.7	5.6
Aug-13	5.7	5.8
Sep-13	5.8	5.7
Oct-13	5.8	5.8
Nov-13	5.8	5.8
Dec-13	5.9	5.9
Jan-14	5.9	5.9
Feb-14	5.8	5.9
Mar-14	5.8	5.9
Apr-14	5.9	5.8
May-14	5.9	5.9
Jun-14	6.0	6.0
Jul-14	6.1	6.2
Aug-14	6.2	6.1
Sep-14	6.2	6.2
Oct-14	6.3	6.4
Nov-14	6.3	6.3
Dec-14	6.3	6.1
Jan-15	6.2	6.3
Feb-15	6.2	6.1
Mar-15	6.1	6.1
Apr-15	6.1	6.1
May-15	6.1	5.9
Jun-15	6.1	6.0
Jul-15	6.1	6.3
Aug-15	6.0	6.1
Sep-15	6.0	6.2
Oct-15	5.9	5.9
Nov-15	5.9	5.9
Dec-15	5.8	5.7
Jan-16	5.8	6.0
Feb-16	5.7	5.7
Mar-16	5.7	5.6
Apr-16	5.7	5.6
May-16	5.7	5.7
Jun-16	5.6	5.7
Jul-16	5.6	5.7
Aug-16	5.6	5.6
Sep-16	5.6	5.6
Oct-16	5.7	5.6
Nov-16	5.7	5.8
Dec-16	5.8	5.8
Jan-17	5.8	5.7
Feb-17	5.8	5.8
Mar-17	5.8	5.8
Apr-17	5.7	5.6
May-17	5.7	5.5
Jun-17	5.6	5.6
Jul-17	5.5	5.6
Aug-17	5.5	5.5
Sep-17	5.5	5.4
Oct-17	5.5	5.4
Nov-17	5.5	5.4
Dec-17	5.5	5.6
Jan-18	5.5	5.5
Feb-18	5.5	5.6
Mar-18	5.5	5.5
Apr-18	5.5	5.5
May-18	5.4	5.4
Jun-18	5.4	5.3
Jul-18	5.3	5.3
Aug-18	5.2	5.3
Sep-18	5.1	5.0
Oct-18	5.1	5.0
Nov-18	5.0	5.1
Dec-18	5.0	5.0
Jan-19	5.0	5.1
Feb-19	5.0	5.0
Mar-19	5.1	5.1
Apr-19	5.1	5.2
May-19	5.2	5.2
Jun-19	5.2	5.3
Jul-19	5.2	5.2
Aug-19	5.3	5.3
Sep-19	5.2	5.2
Oct-19	5.2	5.3
Nov-19	5.2	5.2
Dec-19	5.1	5.1
Jan-20	5.1	5.3
Feb-20	5.1	5.1
Mar-20	5.2	5.2

Unemployment rate

["","Trend","Seasonally adjusted"]

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Employment

In March 2020:

employment increased by 0.13% or 16,800 people to 13,020,500, which was lower than the 20 year average monthly growth rate of 0.16%
over the year to March 2020, employment increased by 1.8% or 224,100 people, which was lower than the 20 year annual average growth rate of 2.0%

In seasonally adjusted terms, in March 2020:

employment increased by 5,900 to 13,017,600 people
over the year to March 2020, employment increased by 1.8% or 227,000 people

Underpinning these net changes in employment is extensive change which occurs in the labour market. In recent months there has generally been considerably more than 300,000 people entering employment, and more than 300,000 leaving employment each month. There are also changes in the hours that people work, which can have an impact on the full-time and part-time composition of employment.

Employed persons
	Trend ('000)	Seasonally adjusted ('000)
Mar-10	10,931.9	10,925.2
Apr-10	10,942.9	10,937.1
May-10	10,957.7	10,938.5
Jun-10	10,979.9	10,992.7
Jul-10	11,010.4	11,019.0
Aug-10	11,046.2	11,060.0
Sep-10	11,082.3	11,088.1
Oct-10	11,114.7	11,104.3
Nov-10	11,140.5	11,162.6
Dec-10	11,159.1	11,168.4
Jan-11	11,171.7	11,199.3
Feb-11	11,179.8	11,174.4
Mar-11	11,185.8	11,214.9
Apr-11	11,191.1	11,182.3
May-11	11,197.8	11,172.2
Jun-11	11,206.4	11,206.0
Jul-11	11,216.0	11,209.8
Aug-11	11,226.6	11,216.8
Sep-11	11,237.2	11,247.3
Oct-11	11,246.9	11,249.2
Nov-11	11,254.8	11,252.2
Dec-11	11,262.5	11,230.8
Jan-12	11,272.0	11,304.6
Feb-12	11,285.1	11,269.4
Mar-12	11,301.7	11,333.1
Apr-12	11,319.3	11,322.1
May-12	11,335.0	11,363.9
Jun-12	11,347.4	11,339.6
Jul-12	11,356.1	11,348.9
Aug-12	11,362.6	11,357.0
Sep-12	11,370.2	11,391.9
Oct-12	11,380.5	11,391.3
Nov-12	11,393.4	11,384.8
Dec-12	11,407.9	11,395.7
Jan-13	11,422.3	11,462.6
Feb-13	11,435.9	11,465.5
Mar-13	11,447.1	11,434.7
Apr-13	11,455.7	11,467.9
May-13	11,462.1	11,458.0
Jun-13	11,466.4	11,471.8
Jul-13	11,468.8	11,457.8
Aug-13	11,468.1	11,454.1
Sep-13	11,463.8	11,476.7
Oct-13	11,458.0	11,471.1
Nov-13	11,454.1	11,448.7
Dec-13	11,455.4	11,418.1
Jan-14	11,464.0	11,454.6
Feb-14	11,479.3	11,477.3
Mar-14	11,498.7	11,531.5
Apr-14	11,517.3	11,538.8
May-14	11,531.1	11,514.3
Jun-14	11,539.1	11,531.0
Jul-14	11,543.7	11,546.1
Aug-14	11,547.4	11,545.9
Sep-14	11,553.6	11,547.5
Oct-14	11,564.3	11,543.0
Nov-14	11,579.6	11,545.1
Dec-14	11,599.4	11,597.4
Jan-15	11,622.9	11,607.0
Feb-15	11,648.3	11,677.5
Mar-15	11,673.6	11,692.8
Apr-15	11,696.7	11,693.6
May-15	11,717.5	11,735.7
Jun-15	11,738.0	11,730.0
Jul-15	11,760.6	11,761.7
Aug-15	11,787.6	11,773.3
Sep-15	11,818.9	11,784.4
Oct-15	11,851.0	11,861.2
Nov-15	11,881.5	11,897.6
Dec-15	11,906.7	11,905.7
Jan-16	11,924.1	11,909.1
Feb-16	11,935.8	11,930.5
Mar-16	11,944.5	11,940.5
Apr-16	11,953.0	11,949.2
May-16	11,961.7	11,945.5
Jun-16	11,969.7	11,966.0
Jul-16	11,977.0	11,997.7
Aug-16	11,984.1	11,973.0
Sep-16	11,990.8	11,954.2
Oct-16	11,998.8	11,986.2
Nov-16	12,009.7	12,014.4
Dec-16	12,025.2	12,036.5
Jan-17	12,047.8	12,053.5
Feb-17	12,077.2	12,061.4
Mar-17	12,112.8	12,116.3
Apr-17	12,153.2	12,170.1
May-17	12,194.7	12,196.5
Jun-17	12,234.3	12,227.8
Jul-17	12,270.9	12,261.7
Aug-17	12,305.0	12,313.0
Sep-17	12,338.6	12,343.7
Oct-17	12,372.4	12,355.8
Nov-17	12,405.6	12,412.1
Dec-17	12,435.8	12,452.2
Jan-18	12,460.1	12,483.3
Feb-18	12,477.7	12,484.1
Mar-18	12,491.7	12,489.0
Apr-18	12,505.4	12,507.4
May-18	12,522.8	12,507.4
Jun-18	12,546.2	12,576.8
Jul-18	12,574.0	12,575.3
Aug-18	12,604.2	12,615.8
Sep-18	12,634.6	12,627.7
Oct-18	12,663.4	12,665.7
Nov-18	12,689.6	12,700.0
Dec-18	12,715.2	12,723.1
Jan-19	12,741.7	12,751.5
Feb-19	12,768.9	12,758.9
Mar-19	12,796.4	12,781.9
Apr-19	12,823.9	12,815.8
May-19	12,850.5	12,854.5
Jun-19	12,874.3	12,856.8
Jul-19	12,894.1	12,886.7
Aug-19	12,910.1	12,923.2
Sep-19	12,923.5	12,934.8
Oct-19	12,936.7	12,910.6
Nov-19	12,951.7	12,946.3
Dec-19	12,969.4	12,975.5
Jan-20	12,989.0	12,988.4
Feb-20	13,010.2	13,015.1
Mar-20	13,020.5	13,017.6

Employed persons

["","Trend","Seasonally adjusted"]

[["Mar-10","Apr-10","May-10","Jun-10","Jul-10","Aug-10","Sep-10","Oct-10","Nov-10","Dec-10","Jan-11","Feb-11","Mar-11","Apr-11","May-11","Jun-11","Jul-11","Aug-11","Sep-11","Oct-11","Nov-11","Dec-11","Jan-12","Feb-12","Mar-12","Apr-12","May-12","Jun-12","Jul-12","Aug-12","Sep-12","Oct-12","Nov-12","Dec-12","Jan-13","Feb-13","Mar-13","Apr-13","May-13","Jun-13","Jul-13","Aug-13","Sep-13","Oct-13","Nov-13","Dec-13","Jan-14","Feb-14","Mar-14","Apr-14","May-14","Jun-14","Jul-14","Aug-14","Sep-14","Oct-14","Nov-14","Dec-14","Jan-15","Feb-15","Mar-15","Apr-15","May-15","Jun-15","Jul-15","Aug-15","Sep-15","Oct-15","Nov-15","Dec-15","Jan-16","Feb-16","Mar-16","Apr-16","May-16","Jun-16","Jul-16","Aug-16","Sep-16","Oct-16","Nov-16","Dec-16","Jan-17","Feb-17","Mar-17","Apr-17","May-17","Jun-17","Jul-17","Aug-17","Sep-17","Oct-17","Nov-17","Dec-17","Jan-18","Feb-18","Mar-18","Apr-18","May-18","Jun-18","Jul-18","Aug-18","Sep-18","Oct-18","Nov-18","Dec-18","Jan-19","Feb-19","Mar-19","Apr-19","May-19","Jun-19","Jul-19","Aug-19","Sep-19","Oct-19","Nov-19","Dec-19","Jan-20","Feb-20","Mar-20"],[[10931.898],[10942.89382],[10957.65678],[10979.89718],[11010.41794],[11046.21208],[11082.2512],[11114.66136],[11140.53753],[11159.14696],[11171.66872],[11179.80292],[11185.83783],[11191.08755],[11197.84648],[11206.44691],[11215.95865],[11226.62849],[11237.22972],[11246.9407],[11254.76519],[11262.45242],[11271.96564],[11285.06051],[11301.70325],[11319.29141],[11335.04279],[11347.42882],[11356.06312],[11362.56499],[11370.15255],[11380.4754],[11393.39743],[11407.93295],[11422.28787],[11435.87992],[11447.12206],[11455.71641],[11462.08638],[11466.39684],[11468.77723],[11468.05146],[11463.82284],[11457.97041],[11454.14332],[11455.43234],[11464.00536],[11479.27054],[11498.67064],[11517.33415],[11531.08679],[11539.07678],[11543.69127],[11547.3896],[11553.58453],[11564.29336],[11579.57977],[11599.3842],[11622.8749],[11648.34991],[11673.63234],[11696.68825],[11717.46247],[11737.97131],[11760.61548],[11787.64284],[11818.85644],[11850.97384],[11881.51239],[11906.67076],[11924.06217],[11935.84562],[11944.46744],[11952.95155],[11961.72189],[11969.72875],[11977.02236],[11984.10654],[11990.81134],[11998.76636],[12009.68348],[12025.18399],[12047.78788],[12077.2353],[12112.76931],[12153.17587],[12194.67798],[12234.3124],[12270.8542],[12304.967],[12338.59737],[12372.41844],[12405.59752],[12435.75724],[12460.09212],[12477.71335],[12491.65759],[12505.4038],[12522.80501],[12546.19815],[12573.9746],[12604.21112],[12634.62025],[12663.36414],[12689.62502],[12715.20565],[12741.65177],[12768.85253],[12796.35949],[12823.87115],[12850.48133],[12874.26478],[12894.08163],[12910.1404],[12923.4743],[12936.69242],[12951.74452],[12969.39951],[12989.04074],[13010.163],[13020.45785]],[[10925.22629],[10937.06014],[10938.52575],[10992.70011],[11018.9903],[11060.04809],[11088.09487],[11104.31286],[11162.57572],[11168.35184],[11199.25345],[11174.37988],[11214.88859],[11182.34796],[11172.20032],[11206.02456],[11209.7549],[11216.82503],[11247.33883],[11249.23408],[11252.1758],[11230.77376],[11304.60125],[11269.41628],[11333.12112],[11322.11912],[11363.86982],[11339.57432],[11348.88649],[11357.03353],[11391.87071],[11391.2845],[11384.79583],[11395.69919],[11462.61062],[11465.53894],[11434.72755],[11467.92613],[11458.00762],[11471.79261],[11457.80092],[11454.12085],[11476.74675],[11471.05521],[11448.73146],[11418.0597],[11454.60955],[11477.30416],[11531.48806],[11538.81633],[11514.32025],[11531.03727],[11546.12896],[11545.90789],[11547.48481],[11542.97682],[11545.13374],[11597.4406],[11606.99317],[11677.50133],[11692.77961],[11693.6184],[11735.71361],[11729.99874],[11761.65733],[11773.30381],[11784.36673],[11861.19317],[11897.6305],[11905.72667],[11909.05912],[11930.52869],[11940.49432],[11949.1837],[11945.5437],[11965.97544],[11997.74491],[11973.00073],[11954.21878],[11986.24611],[12014.43273],[12036.45064],[12053.49098],[12061.3864],[12116.34531],[12170.08429],[12196.47215],[12227.84075],[12261.67963],[12313.04566],[12343.68025],[12355.78529],[12412.1161],[12452.20282],[12483.32506],[12484.06911],[12489.02861],[12507.38722],[12507.36017],[12576.77756],[12575.3174],[12615.7744],[12627.69327],[12665.69367],[12699.99009],[12723.08062],[12751.47258],[12758.86547],[12781.90645],[12815.8221],[12854.53817],[12856.75792],[12886.74781],[12923.17335],[12934.77978],[12910.6284],[12946.29869],[12975.527],[12988.40772],[13015.12099],[13017.60904]]]

[]

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Full-time and part-time employment

In March 2020:

full-time employment increased by 8,800 to 8,888,900 people, and part-time employment increased 8,000 to 4,131,550 people
over the year to March 2020, full-time employment increased by 116,000 people and part-time employment increased by 108,100 people

This has led to an increase in the part-time share of employment from 31.4% to 31.7% over the year to March 2020.

In seasonally adjusted terms, in March 2020:

full-time employment decreased by 400 to 8,877,440, and part-time employment increased 6,400 to 4,135,560
over the year to March 2020, full-time employment increased by 91,700 people and part-time employment increased by 136,000 people

Employment to population ratio

In March 2020:

the employment to population ratio remained steady at 62.6%, and increased 0.1 pts from the same time last year

In seasonally adjusted terms, in March 2020:

the employment to population ratio decreased by 0.1 pts to 62.5%, and increased by 0.1 pts from the same time last year

The employment to population ratio provides a measure of the change in employment relative to changes in the size of the population.

Employment to population ratio
	Trend (%)	Seasonally adjusted (%)
Mar-10	61.7	61.7
Apr-10	61.7	61.7
May-10	61.7	61.6
Jun-10	61.8	61.9
Jul-10	61.9	61.9
Aug-10	62.0	62.1
Sep-10	62.1	62.2
Oct-10	62.2	62.2
Nov-10	62.3	62.4
Dec-10	62.3	62.4
Jan-11	62.3	62.5
Feb-11	62.3	62.2
Mar-11	62.2	62.4
Apr-11	62.2	62.1
May-11	62.1	62.0
Jun-11	62.1	62.1
Jul-11	62.1	62.0
Aug-11	62.1	62.0
Sep-11	62.0	62.1
Oct-11	62.0	62.0
Nov-11	61.9	61.9
Dec-11	61.9	61.7
Jan-12	61.8	62.0
Feb-12	61.8	61.7
Mar-12	61.8	62.0
Apr-12	61.8	61.8
May-12	61.8	61.9
Jun-12	61.8	61.7
Jul-12	61.7	61.7
Aug-12	61.7	61.6
Sep-12	61.6	61.7
Oct-12	61.6	61.7
Nov-12	61.6	61.5
Dec-12	61.6	61.5
Jan-13	61.5	61.8
Feb-13	61.5	61.7
Mar-13	61.5	61.4
Apr-13	61.4	61.5
May-13	61.4	61.4
Jun-13	61.3	61.4
Jul-13	61.3	61.2
Aug-13	61.2	61.1
Sep-13	61.1	61.2
Oct-13	61.0	61.1
Nov-13	60.9	60.9
Dec-13	60.8	60.7
Jan-14	60.8	60.7
Feb-14	60.8	60.8
Mar-14	60.8	60.9
Apr-14	60.8	60.9
May-14	60.8	60.7
Jun-14	60.8	60.8
Jul-14	60.8	60.8
Aug-14	60.7	60.7
Sep-14	60.7	60.6
Oct-14	60.7	60.5
Nov-14	60.7	60.5
Dec-14	60.7	60.7
Jan-15	60.7	60.6
Feb-15	60.8	60.9
Mar-15	60.8	60.9
Apr-15	60.9	60.8
May-15	60.9	61.0
Jun-15	60.9	60.9
Jul-15	61.0	61.0
Aug-15	61.1	61.0
Sep-15	61.2	61.0
Oct-15	61.3	61.3
Nov-15	61.3	61.4
Dec-15	61.4	61.4
Jan-16	61.4	61.3
Feb-16	61.4	61.3
Mar-16	61.3	61.3
Apr-16	61.3	61.2
May-16	61.2	61.2
Jun-16	61.2	61.2
Jul-16	61.1	61.3
Aug-16	61.1	61.0
Sep-16	61.1	60.9
Oct-16	61.0	60.9
Nov-16	61.0	61.0
Dec-16	61.0	61.0
Jan-17	61.0	61.0
Feb-17	61.0	60.9
Mar-17	61.1	61.1
Apr-17	61.2	61.3
May-17	61.3	61.4
Jun-17	61.5	61.4
Jul-17	61.6	61.5
Aug-17	61.7	61.7
Sep-17	61.8	61.8
Oct-17	61.9	61.8
Nov-17	61.9	62.0
Dec-17	62.0	62.1
Jan-18	62.0	62.2
Feb-18	62.0	62.0
Mar-18	62.0	62.0
Apr-18	62.0	62.0
May-18	62.0	61.9
Jun-18	62.0	62.2
Jul-18	62.1	62.1
Aug-18	62.1	62.2
Sep-18	62.2	62.1
Oct-18	62.2	62.2
Nov-18	62.3	62.3
Dec-18	62.3	62.4
Jan-19	62.4	62.4
Feb-19	62.4	62.3
Mar-19	62.4	62.3
Apr-19	62.5	62.4
May-19	62.5	62.6
Jun-19	62.6	62.5
Jul-19	62.6	62.6
Aug-19	62.6	62.7
Sep-19	62.6	62.6
Oct-19	62.6	62.5
Nov-19	62.6	62.6
Dec-19	62.6	62.7
Jan-20	62.6	62.6
Feb-20	62.6	62.6
Mar-20	62.6	62.5

Employment to population ratio

["","Trend","Seasonally adjusted"]

[["Mar-10","Apr-10","May-10","Jun-10","Jul-10","Aug-10","Sep-10","Oct-10","Nov-10","Dec-10","Jan-11","Feb-11","Mar-11","Apr-11","May-11","Jun-11","Jul-11","Aug-11","Sep-11","Oct-11","Nov-11","Dec-11","Jan-12","Feb-12","Mar-12","Apr-12","May-12","Jun-12","Jul-12","Aug-12","Sep-12","Oct-12","Nov-12","Dec-12","Jan-13","Feb-13","Mar-13","Apr-13","May-13","Jun-13","Jul-13","Aug-13","Sep-13","Oct-13","Nov-13","Dec-13","Jan-14","Feb-14","Mar-14","Apr-14","May-14","Jun-14","Jul-14","Aug-14","Sep-14","Oct-14","Nov-14","Dec-14","Jan-15","Feb-15","Mar-15","Apr-15","May-15","Jun-15","Jul-15","Aug-15","Sep-15","Oct-15","Nov-15","Dec-15","Jan-16","Feb-16","Mar-16","Apr-16","May-16","Jun-16","Jul-16","Aug-16","Sep-16","Oct-16","Nov-16","Dec-16","Jan-17","Feb-17","Mar-17","Apr-17","May-17","Jun-17","Jul-17","Aug-17","Sep-17","Oct-17","Nov-17","Dec-17","Jan-18","Feb-18","Mar-18","Apr-18","May-18","Jun-18","Jul-18","Aug-18","Sep-18","Oct-18","Nov-18","Dec-18","Jan-19","Feb-19","Mar-19","Apr-19","May-19","Jun-19","Jul-19","Aug-19","Sep-19","Oct-19","Nov-19","Dec-19","Jan-20","Feb-20","Mar-20"],[[61.7315205],[61.7116412],[61.7191802],[61.7732297],[61.8755416],[62.0067795],[62.1376572],[62.2450566],[62.3115487],[62.3322406],[62.3149679],[62.271958],[62.2193312],[62.1665399],[62.1265541],[62.0992289],[62.0765969],[62.0573353],[62.0332983],[61.9986444],[61.9474301],[61.8895635],[61.8380132],[61.8055468],[61.7952122],[61.7945756],[61.7885678],[61.7673148],[61.727117],[61.6755404],[61.6298733],[61.5980047],[61.5780313],[61.5635402],[61.545571],[61.5231188],[61.490178],[61.4469445],[61.3960754],[61.3378581],[61.2723917],[61.1931003],[61.0974626],[60.9935207],[60.8978903],[60.824437],[60.7851881],[60.7800756],[60.7996263],[60.8208959],[60.8220867],[60.7964927],[60.7539672],[60.7056006],[60.6687382],[60.6532401],[60.6583872],[60.6829372],[60.7234057],[60.7735035],[60.8252389],[60.8701459],[60.9079155],[60.946911],[60.9974214],[61.0695243],[61.1615218],[61.2549519],[61.3351905],[61.3812556],[61.3821596],[61.3523796],[61.3083119],[61.2673709],[61.2311312],[61.1917666],[61.1476428],[61.1006864],[61.0506918],[61.0053225],[60.9716803],[60.9563256],[60.9726691],[61.0223354],[61.105627],[61.2191685],[61.3441406],[61.4636453],[61.5696324],[61.6644553],[61.7578331],[61.8514599],[61.9382441],[62.0032344],[62.0324142],[62.0243754],[61.9986567],[61.9755668],[61.9745121],[62.0050702],[62.0574817],[62.1217765],[62.1873446],[62.2445938],[62.2876671],[62.3232843],[62.3595476],[62.3990874],[62.4440796],[62.4956447],[62.5488885],[62.5915499],[62.6154511],[62.6203338],[62.6101807],[62.5979777],[62.5935789],[62.5997119],[62.6132106],[62.6324624],[62.5680662]],[[61.6757881],[61.674342],[61.6144899],[61.8513469],[61.9258739],[62.0831297],[62.1670554],[62.184754],[62.4375913],[62.3965931],[62.4739193],[62.2403473],[62.3711054],[62.1152832],[61.9843074],[62.0973197],[62.0433468],[62.0049807],[62.0961352],[62.012697],[61.935264],[61.7242781],[62.0197619],[61.7171999],[61.9563122],[61.8089171],[61.9495087],[61.7301774],[61.690043],[61.6437057],[61.7421573],[61.6542648],[61.534707],[61.509355],[61.7678991],[61.6813693],[61.4139221],[61.5120516],[61.378947],[61.3730062],[61.2151876],[61.1128191],[61.1508851],[61.0586316],[60.8781174],[60.6536295],[60.7449819],[60.7626839],[60.9467485],[60.926018],[60.7374593],[60.7664498],[60.7709517],[60.6949554],[60.6285766],[60.5379281],[60.4823863],[60.6894112],[60.6456425],[60.9200189],[60.9058543],[60.8489692],[61.0066679],[60.9157647],[61.0057694],[60.9919008],[60.9750306],[61.3038174],[61.4233536],[61.3964706],[61.3104384],[61.3179312],[61.2663535],[61.2414438],[61.1534719],[61.1887915],[61.2580151],[61.0389194],[60.8508373],[60.9363513],[61.0021537],[61.0365017],[61.0088034],[60.9350105],[61.098815],[61.2981215],[61.3593557],[61.4454818],[61.5271796],[61.6978509],[61.7643045],[61.7615467],[61.9796413],[62.1162522],[62.1580045],[62.0486092],[61.9605342],[61.9778064],[61.9040425],[62.1737516],[62.0690378],[62.1712158],[62.1326628],[62.2488676],[62.3466313],[62.3892179],[62.4163263],[62.3407438],[62.3417434],[62.4469228],[62.5752648],[62.5258716],[62.5855836],[62.6763441],[62.6466502],[62.4677015],[62.578266],[62.6575042],[62.6073208],[62.623877],[62.5240196]]]

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Hours worked

In March 2020, monthly hours worked in all jobs:

increased by less than 1 million hours (0.0%) to 1,782 million hours
increased by 0.8% over the year, which is below the 1.8% increase in employed people

In seasonally adjusted terms, in March 2020, monthly hours worked in all jobs:

increased by 9 million hours (0.5%) to 1,785 million hours
increased by 0.7% over the year, which is below the 1.8% increase in employed people

Monthly hours worked in all jobs
	Trend (m)	Seasonally adjusted (m)
Mar-10	1,537.6	1,525.4
Apr-10	1,541.0	1,537.7
May-10	1,545.3	1,554.2
Jun-10	1,550.4	1,554.0
Jul-10	1,555.6	1,548.4
Aug-10	1,560.5	1,562.9
Sep-10	1,565.1	1,562.1
Oct-10	1,569.6	1,566.8
Nov-10	1,573.8	1,571.4
Dec-10	1,577.0	1,569.4
Jan-11	1,578.6	1,582.0
Feb-11	1,578.7	1,579.9
Mar-11	1,578.1	1,579.1
Apr-11	1,577.3	1,554.9
May-11	1,577.4	1,573.5
Jun-11	1,578.7	1,582.0
Jul-11	1,580.6	1,582.9
Aug-11	1,582.5	1,584.1
Sep-11	1,583.8	1,581.3
Oct-11	1,584.5	1,590.7
Nov-11	1,585.1	1,585.9
Dec-11	1,586.7	1,587.1
Jan-12	1,589.4	1,589.5
Feb-12	1,592.2	1,586.3
Mar-12	1,594.2	1,595.4
Apr-12	1,594.9	1,599.6
May-12	1,594.1	1,604.5
Jun-12	1,592.1	1,578.3
Jul-12	1,590.4	1,588.9
Aug-12	1,589.8	1,587.8
Sep-12	1,590.9	1,598.6
Oct-12	1,593.5	1,583.4
Nov-12	1,596.3	1,600.4
Dec-12	1,598.7	1,602.9
Jan-13	1,600.2	1,601.4
Feb-13	1,601.3	1,603.3
Mar-13	1,602.5	1,596.9
Apr-13	1,604.2	1,613.1
May-13	1,606.4	1,604.8
Jun-13	1,608.9	1,604.9
Jul-13	1,610.4	1,615.2
Aug-13	1,610.3	1,619.2
Sep-13	1,609.1	1,607.4
Oct-13	1,607.5	1,606.7
Nov-13	1,606.3	1,603.4
Dec-13	1,605.6	1,604.3
Jan-14	1,605.5	1,597.9
Feb-14	1,606.3	1,606.0
Mar-14	1,607.8	1,613.4
Apr-14	1,609.7	1,602.5
May-14	1,611.8	1,610.1
Jun-14	1,613.5	1,617.0
Jul-14	1,614.3	1,615.2
Aug-14	1,614.3	1,615.3
Sep-14	1,613.8	1,611.0
Oct-14	1,614.0	1,611.6
Nov-14	1,615.7	1,612.5
Dec-14	1,619.3	1,600.0
Jan-15	1,623.8	1,629.4
Feb-15	1,628.1	1,627.3
Mar-15	1,631.2	1,635.9
Apr-15	1,633.0	1,638.7
May-15	1,634.3	1,635.2
Jun-15	1,636.0	1,632.9
Jul-15	1,638.6	1,639.4
Aug-15	1,642.0	1,637.1
Sep-15	1,646.0	1,648.6
Oct-15	1,650.3	1,653.0
Nov-15	1,653.9	1,654.1
Dec-15	1,656.2	1,650.9
Jan-16	1,657.0	1,661.3
Feb-16	1,656.7	1,663.5
Mar-16	1,656.1	1,653.9
Apr-16	1,655.7	1,633.8
May-16	1,655.7	1,662.9
Jun-16	1,656.4	1,655.8
Jul-16	1,657.9	1,660.8
Aug-16	1,660.3	1,663.1
Sep-16	1,662.7	1,659.2
Oct-16	1,665.1	1,665.0
Nov-16	1,667.4	1,666.9
Dec-16	1,669.5	1,673.5
Jan-17	1,671.5	1,694.4
Feb-17	1,674.2	1,662.7
Mar-17	1,677.8	1,676.7
Apr-17	1,682.6	1,665.8
May-17	1,688.3	1,710.6
Jun-17	1,694.3	1,705.2
Jul-17	1,700.6	1,697.8
Aug-17	1,706.4	1,703.2
Sep-17	1,711.6	1,711.1
Oct-17	1,715.9	1,714.9
Nov-17	1,719.3	1,727.8
Dec-17	1,721.4	1,720.8
Jan-18	1,722.4	1,700.4
Feb-18	1,723.0	1,723.7
Mar-18	1,724.4	1,723.9
Apr-18	1,727.0	1,745.8
May-18	1,730.7	1,729.3
Jun-18	1,735.1	1,738.7
Jul-18	1,739.4	1,740.6
Aug-18	1,743.4	1,741.6
Sep-18	1,746.8	1,746.8
Oct-18	1,750.1	1,753.3
Nov-18	1,753.8	1,751.4
Dec-18	1,758.1	1,749.7
Jan-19	1,762.3	1,763.2
Feb-19	1,765.6	1,765.8
Mar-19	1,767.7	1,774.2
Apr-19	1,769.0	1,772.2
May-19	1,769.9	1,766.3
Jun-19	1,770.9	1,765.8
Jul-19	1,772.7	1,773.6
Aug-19	1,775.3	1,777.3
Sep-19	1,778.0	1,781.0
Oct-19	1,779.8	1,777.1
Nov-19	1,780.5	1,779.6
Dec-19	1,780.5	1,787.3
Jan-20	1,780.0	1,778.4
Feb-20	1,779.3	1,775.4
Mar-20	1,781.7	1,784.9

Monthly hours worked in all jobs

["","Trend","Seasonally adjusted"]

[["Mar-10","Apr-10","May-10","Jun-10","Jul-10","Aug-10","Sep-10","Oct-10","Nov-10","Dec-10","Jan-11","Feb-11","Mar-11","Apr-11","May-11","Jun-11","Jul-11","Aug-11","Sep-11","Oct-11","Nov-11","Dec-11","Jan-12","Feb-12","Mar-12","Apr-12","May-12","Jun-12","Jul-12","Aug-12","Sep-12","Oct-12","Nov-12","Dec-12","Jan-13","Feb-13","Mar-13","Apr-13","May-13","Jun-13","Jul-13","Aug-13","Sep-13","Oct-13","Nov-13","Dec-13","Jan-14","Feb-14","Mar-14","Apr-14","May-14","Jun-14","Jul-14","Aug-14","Sep-14","Oct-14","Nov-14","Dec-14","Jan-15","Feb-15","Mar-15","Apr-15","May-15","Jun-15","Jul-15","Aug-15","Sep-15","Oct-15","Nov-15","Dec-15","Jan-16","Feb-16","Mar-16","Apr-16","May-16","Jun-16","Jul-16","Aug-16","Sep-16","Oct-16","Nov-16","Dec-16","Jan-17","Feb-17","Mar-17","Apr-17","May-17","Jun-17","Jul-17","Aug-17","Sep-17","Oct-17","Nov-17","Dec-17","Jan-18","Feb-18","Mar-18","Apr-18","May-18","Jun-18","Jul-18","Aug-18","Sep-18","Oct-18","Nov-18","Dec-18","Jan-19","Feb-19","Mar-19","Apr-19","May-19","Jun-19","Jul-19","Aug-19","Sep-19","Oct-19","Nov-19","Dec-19","Jan-20","Feb-20","Mar-20"],[[1537.603328],[1540.996718],[1545.262988],[1550.418606],[1555.584023],[1560.492211],[1565.103678],[1569.581518],[1573.821138],[1577.01505],[1578.596254],[1578.697712],[1578.119099],[1577.318392],[1577.448799],[1578.733757],[1580.622858],[1582.523811],[1583.813768],[1584.503881],[1585.095809],[1586.74052],[1589.402277],[1592.238441],[1594.179967],[1594.879661],[1594.082485],[1592.149527],[1590.394629],[1589.77811],[1590.934014],[1593.473071],[1596.349655],[1598.731044],[1600.202126],[1601.27202],[1602.450245],[1604.175912],[1606.437009],[1608.894798],[1610.35828],[1610.32638],[1609.074724],[1607.545437],[1606.341969],[1605.555559],[1605.497749],[1606.295053],[1607.763391],[1609.701018],[1611.792909],[1613.516724],[1614.330047],[1614.281426],[1613.808552],[1613.990578],[1615.71004],[1619.287036],[1623.773392],[1628.050735],[1631.150578],[1632.992501],[1634.263985],[1635.967976],[1638.557841],[1641.9663],[1645.955535],[1650.282014],[1653.875865],[1656.170651],[1657.003679],[1656.711003],[1656.085223],[1655.658246],[1655.678822],[1656.355039],[1657.946539],[1660.281526],[1662.734702],[1665.142097],[1667.449897],[1669.513167],[1671.528619],[1674.164701],[1677.834987],[1682.629656],[1688.280011],[1694.337663],[1700.563362],[1706.407998],[1711.605317],[1715.936001],[1719.253874],[1721.387706],[1722.373295],[1723.014889],[1724.404751],[1726.956022],[1730.679767],[1735.118478],[1739.426738],[1743.377904],[1746.822753],[1750.099265],[1753.817775],[1758.127732],[1762.33184],[1765.622283],[1767.73419],[1769.02004],[1769.939407],[1770.917577],[1772.676455],[1775.31081],[1777.999623],[1779.846616],[1780.497669],[1780.475248],[1780.044998],[1779.311104],[1781.676065]],[[1525.402778],[1537.683411],[1554.223049],[1554.047905],[1548.39448],[1562.927178],[1562.079511],[1566.802669],[1571.411122],[1569.439223],[1581.986523],[1579.882804],[1579.089835],[1554.949275],[1573.48656],[1581.990136],[1582.896584],[1584.135334],[1581.343634],[1590.710749],[1585.941216],[1587.08627],[1589.480156],[1586.28329],[1595.416502],[1599.563701],[1604.528431],[1578.260589],[1588.854046],[1587.848772],[1598.553033],[1583.412937],[1600.36504],[1602.930327],[1601.434291],[1603.251698],[1596.920563],[1613.122732],[1604.78634],[1604.883304],[1615.214875],[1619.219619],[1607.35303],[1606.657688],[1603.44841],[1604.33554],[1597.919505],[1605.992975],[1613.350963],[1602.476911],[1610.094448],[1617.007964],[1615.247821],[1615.262141],[1611.017867],[1611.568724],[1612.535673],[1599.984102],[1629.368737],[1627.335024],[1635.92942],[1638.739727],[1635.182502],[1632.902037],[1639.43998],[1637.073676],[1648.591996],[1652.977786],[1654.105405],[1650.928074],[1661.252603],[1663.53967],[1653.880354],[1633.762767],[1662.860828],[1655.831262],[1660.794588],[1663.085075],[1659.224396],[1664.999665],[1666.888249],[1673.532608],[1694.417619],[1662.654293],[1676.665893],[1665.778165],[1710.617915],[1705.194335],[1697.75398],[1703.16837],[1711.117898],[1714.864828],[1727.763271],[1720.839531],[1700.381152],[1723.687754],[1723.875055],[1745.758082],[1729.335551],[1738.685724],[1740.553531],[1741.565497],[1746.776841],[1753.332795],[1751.427459],[1749.741407],[1763.210351],[1765.843063],[1774.220535],[1772.248727],[1766.320411],[1765.826586],[1773.584826],[1777.286441],[1780.97495],[1777.052027],[1779.614045],[1787.292738],[1778.401732],[1775.363271],[1784.906287]]]

[]

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Participation

In March 2020, the participation rate:

remained steady at 66.0%, and increased 0.2 pts over the year to March 2020
decreased by less than 0.1 pts to 70.8% for men and remained steady for women (61.3%)
increased by less than 0.1 pts to 78.8% for 15 to 64 year olds (the working age population). For 15 to 64 year old men, it was 83.1% and for 15 to 64 year old it was women 74.5%
remained steady at 68.5% for 15 to 24 year olds

In seasonally adjusted terms, in March 2020, the participation rate:

remained steady at 66.0%, and increased 0.3 pts over the year to March 2020
remained steady for both men (70.8%) and women (61.3%)

remained steady at 78.7% for 15 to 64 year olds (the working age population). For 15 to 64 year old men, it was 83.1% and for 15 to 64 year old women it was 74.4%
remained steady at 68.5% for 15 to 24 year olds

Participation rate
	Trend (%)	Seasonally adjusted (%)
Feb-10	65.3	65.2
Mar-10	65.2	65.2
Apr-10	65.2	65.3
May-10	65.2	65.0
Jun-10	65.2	65.2
Jul-10	65.3	65.4
Aug-10	65.4	65.4
Sep-10	65.5	65.5
Oct-10	65.6	65.7
Nov-10	65.6	65.8
Dec-10	65.6	65.6
Jan-11	65.6	65.8
Feb-11	65.5	65.5
Mar-11	65.5	65.6
Apr-11	65.4	65.4
May-11	65.4	65.3
Jun-11	65.4	65.3
Jul-11	65.4	65.4
Aug-11	65.4	65.4
Sep-11	65.5	65.5
Oct-11	65.4	65.4
Nov-11	65.4	65.4
Dec-11	65.3	65.1
Jan-12	65.2	65.3
Feb-12	65.2	65.1
Mar-12	65.1	65.3
Apr-12	65.1	65.1
May-12	65.2	65.3
Jun-12	65.2	65.1
Jul-12	65.1	65.1
Aug-12	65.1	65.0
Sep-12	65.1	65.3
Oct-12	65.1	65.2
Nov-12	65.1	64.9
Dec-12	65.1	65.0
Jan-13	65.1	65.3
Feb-13	65.1	65.2
Mar-13	65.1	65.1
Apr-13	65.1	65.2
May-13	65.1	65.0
Jun-13	65.0	65.1
Jul-13	65.0	64.9
Aug-13	64.9	64.9
Sep-13	64.8	64.8
Oct-13	64.8	64.8
Nov-13	64.7	64.6
Dec-13	64.6	64.5
Jan-14	64.6	64.6
Feb-14	64.6	64.6
Mar-14	64.6	64.7
Apr-14	64.6	64.7
May-14	64.6	64.6
Jun-14	64.7	64.7
Jul-14	64.7	64.8
Aug-14	64.7	64.6
Sep-14	64.7	64.7
Oct-14	64.7	64.7
Nov-14	64.7	64.5
Dec-14	64.7	64.6
Jan-15	64.8	64.7
Feb-15	64.8	64.9
Mar-15	64.8	64.9
Apr-15	64.8	64.8
May-15	64.9	64.9
Jun-15	64.9	64.8
Jul-15	64.9	65.1
Aug-15	65.0	64.9
Sep-15	65.1	65.0
Oct-15	65.1	65.2
Nov-15	65.2	65.2
Dec-15	65.2	65.1
Jan-16	65.1	65.2
Feb-16	65.1	65.0
Mar-16	65.0	64.9
Apr-16	65.0	64.9
May-16	64.9	64.9
Jun-16	64.9	64.9
Jul-16	64.8	64.9
Aug-16	64.7	64.7
Sep-16	64.7	64.5
Oct-16	64.7	64.5
Nov-16	64.7	64.7
Dec-16	64.7	64.8
Jan-17	64.7	64.7
Feb-17	64.8	64.7
Mar-17	64.8	64.9
Apr-17	64.9	64.9
May-17	65.0	65.0
Jun-17	65.1	65.1
Jul-17	65.2	65.2
Aug-17	65.3	65.3
Sep-17	65.3	65.3
Oct-17	65.4	65.3
Nov-17	65.5	65.5
Dec-17	65.6	65.8
Jan-18	65.6	65.8
Feb-18	65.6	65.7
Mar-18	65.6	65.6
Apr-18	65.6	65.6
May-18	65.5	65.4
Jun-18	65.5	65.7
Jul-18	65.5	65.5
Aug-18	65.5	65.6
Sep-18	65.6	65.4
Oct-18	65.6	65.5
Nov-18	65.6	65.7
Dec-18	65.6	65.7
Jan-19	65.7	65.7
Feb-19	65.7	65.6
Mar-19	65.8	65.7
Apr-19	65.9	65.9
May-19	66.0	66.0
Jun-19	66.0	66.0
Jul-19	66.1	66.1
Aug-19	66.1	66.2
Sep-19	66.1	66.1
Oct-19	66.0	66.0
Nov-19	66.0	66.0
Dec-19	66.0	66.0
Jan-20	66.0	66.1
Feb-20	66.0	66.0
Mar-20	66.0	66.0

Participation rate

["","Trend","Seasonally adjusted"]

[["Feb-10","Mar-10","Apr-10","May-10","Jun-10","Jul-10","Aug-10","Sep-10","Oct-10","Nov-10","Dec-10","Jan-11","Feb-11","Mar-11","Apr-11","May-11","Jun-11","Jul-11","Aug-11","Sep-11","Oct-11","Nov-11","Dec-11","Jan-12","Feb-12","Mar-12","Apr-12","May-12","Jun-12","Jul-12","Aug-12","Sep-12","Oct-12","Nov-12","Dec-12","Jan-13","Feb-13","Mar-13","Apr-13","May-13","Jun-13","Jul-13","Aug-13","Sep-13","Oct-13","Nov-13","Dec-13","Jan-14","Feb-14","Mar-14","Apr-14","May-14","Jun-14","Jul-14","Aug-14","Sep-14","Oct-14","Nov-14","Dec-14","Jan-15","Feb-15","Mar-15","Apr-15","May-15","Jun-15","Jul-15","Aug-15","Sep-15","Oct-15","Nov-15","Dec-15","Jan-16","Feb-16","Mar-16","Apr-16","May-16","Jun-16","Jul-16","Aug-16","Sep-16","Oct-16","Nov-16","Dec-16","Jan-17","Feb-17","Mar-17","Apr-17","May-17","Jun-17","Jul-17","Aug-17","Sep-17","Oct-17","Nov-17","Dec-17","Jan-18","Feb-18","Mar-18","Apr-18","May-18","Jun-18","Jul-18","Aug-18","Sep-18","Oct-18","Nov-18","Dec-18","Jan-19","Feb-19","Mar-19","Apr-19","May-19","Jun-19","Jul-19","Aug-19","Sep-19","Oct-19","Nov-19","Dec-19","Jan-20","Feb-20","Mar-20"],[[65.2867149],[65.2365975],[65.1867157],[65.160912],[65.1846184],[65.262977],[65.3754304],[65.4928975],[65.5887833],[65.6402702],[65.6412559],[65.6039179],[65.5427364],[65.4778485],[65.4261744],[65.4009403],[65.4000251],[65.4175517],[65.4442649],[65.4568994],[65.4410253],[65.3859957],[65.3039524],[65.2214952],[65.1644343],[65.1425045],[65.1455666],[65.1579792],[65.1616],[65.1456894],[65.1147478],[65.0853325],[65.065997],[65.0624043],[65.0737847],[65.0890604],[65.103602],[65.1091451],[65.0977549],[65.0693523],[65.0255128],[64.9734086],[64.9095235],[64.8345763],[64.7532759],[64.6744191],[64.606871],[64.5637271],[64.5529202],[64.5744219],[64.611527],[64.6489721],[64.6767196],[64.694353],[64.7011391],[64.7073753],[64.7161036],[64.7269093],[64.7401837],[64.7563376],[64.7761307],[64.8003381],[64.8281694],[64.8578166],[64.8932093],[64.9379234],[64.9973133],[65.0660966],[65.1271166],[65.1676198],[65.1718461],[65.1353778],[65.0753688],[65.0082854],[64.9519132],[64.9026008],[64.8507708],[64.7979574],[64.748731],[64.7032476],[64.6761382],[64.672692],[64.6881828],[64.7221288],[64.7720226],[64.8385945],[64.9249312],[65.0183396],[65.10562],[65.1805166],[65.2515787],[65.3331159],[65.423497],[65.5150828],[65.5941068],[65.6384018],[65.6366974],[65.6034481],[65.5591955],[65.5252976],[65.5167534],[65.5247526],[65.5413306],[65.5612033],[65.5791951],[65.5945257],[65.6165534],[65.6568476],[65.7166123],[65.7925649],[65.8793154],[65.9680657],[66.0415679],[66.0847487],[66.0947022],[66.0753755],[66.0432673],[66.0130877],[65.9934687],[65.9884205],[65.9971339],[65.9958845]],[[65.2051175],[65.2123947],[65.2641906],[65.0149176],[65.2065829],[65.3819441],[65.3647736],[65.4756732],[65.6551523],[65.798936],[65.5958008],[65.7640349],[65.5072005],[65.6025027],[65.3573553],[65.256355],[65.3088397],[65.3697843],[65.4440194],[65.5167218],[65.4068234],[65.3529494],[65.1078769],[65.3153664],[65.1131901],[65.3415078],[65.058339],[65.3486858],[65.091406],[65.0571743],[64.9851859],[65.3269875],[65.1828752],[64.9476565],[65.0432267],[65.2839452],[65.2223364],[65.0814756],[65.1525483],[65.02784],[65.0805431],[64.8636183],[64.8892732],[64.8495597],[64.8364347],[64.6236662],[64.4575909],[64.577106],[64.5740111],[64.7465607],[64.6802793],[64.5665296],[64.6790564],[64.765417],[64.6263121],[64.6511371],[64.6529741],[64.5483891],[64.6366348],[64.7497124],[64.8907103],[64.858097],[64.8102864],[64.8531801],[64.8099117],[65.0832021],[64.9417026],[64.9746113],[65.1604807],[65.2447559],[65.139392],[65.2408176],[65.0049781],[64.9322458],[64.9050263],[64.8633314],[64.8829721],[64.9484198],[64.6623449],[64.4851474],[64.5396227],[64.7350701],[64.8181167],[64.6867363],[64.7124569],[64.8927538],[64.9458267],[64.958554],[65.0884228],[65.1613124],[65.2950148],[65.3145204],[65.262691],[65.5346053],[65.8090268],[65.7812525],[65.6998235],[65.5735051],[65.6121341],[65.4318786],[65.6657612],[65.5224651],[65.6248694],[65.4038416],[65.5247648],[65.7046475],[65.6798782],[65.7368193],[65.5927236],[65.681868],[65.8876425],[66.0133275],[65.9923006],[66.0518638],[66.1540282],[66.0739176],[65.9652225],[65.9908786],[65.9987774],[66.1042609],[65.9874637],[65.9755292]]]

[]

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Underemployment and underutilisation

In March 2020:

the underemployment rate increased by 0.1 pts to 8.7% (0.4 pts higher than a year ago)
the underutilisation rate increased by 0.1 pts to 13.9%

In seasonally adjusted terms, in March 2020:

the underemployment rate increased by 0.1 pts to 8.8% (0.6 pts higher than a year ago)
the underutilisation rate increased 0.2 pts to 14.0%

Underemployment rate and underutilisation rate
	Underemployment rate - Trend (%)	Underemployment rate - Seasonally adjusted (%)	Underutilisation rate - Trend (%)	Underutilisation rate - Seasonally adjusted (%)
Mar-10	7.3	7.3	12.7	12.7
Apr-10	7.2	7.1	12.5	12.6
May-10	7.1	7.0	12.4	12.2
Jun-10	7.1	7.0	12.3	12.2
Jul-10	7.1	7.1	12.3	12.4
Aug-10	7.1	7.2	12.3	12.2
Sep-10	7.1	7.1	12.2	12.2
Oct-10	7.1	7.0	12.2	12.3
Nov-10	7.0	6.9	12.1	12.0
Dec-10	7.0	7.0	12.0	11.8
Jan-11	6.9	6.8	12.0	11.8
Feb-11	6.9	6.9	11.9	11.9
Mar-11	7.0	6.9	11.9	11.9
Apr-11	7.0	7.0	11.9	12.0
May-11	6.9	7.1	11.9	12.1
Jun-11	6.9	7.0	11.9	11.9
Jul-11	6.9	6.8	12.0	11.9
Aug-11	6.8	6.7	12.0	12.0
Sep-11	6.9	6.8	12.1	12.1
Oct-11	6.9	6.9	12.2	12.1
Nov-11	7.0	7.1	12.3	12.3
Dec-11	7.1	7.1	12.3	12.3
Jan-12	7.2	7.2	12.4	12.2
Feb-12	7.2	7.3	12.4	12.5
Mar-12	7.3	7.2	12.4	12.4
Apr-12	7.3	7.3	12.4	12.3
May-12	7.2	7.4	12.4	12.6
Jun-12	7.1	7.2	12.3	12.3
Jul-12	7.0	7.1	12.3	12.2
Aug-12	7.0	6.9	12.3	12.0
Sep-12	6.9	6.8	12.3	12.3
Oct-12	6.9	7.0	12.3	12.4
Nov-12	7.0	7.0	12.3	12.3
Dec-12	7.0	7.0	12.4	12.5
Jan-13	7.1	7.0	12.5	12.4
Feb-13	7.1	7.1	12.6	12.5
Mar-13	7.2	7.2	12.8	12.9
Apr-13	7.3	7.2	12.9	12.8
May-13	7.4	7.5	13.0	13.1
Jun-13	7.4	7.5	13.1	13.2
Jul-13	7.5	7.4	13.2	13.0
Aug-13	7.5	7.6	13.2	13.4
Sep-13	7.5	7.4	13.3	13.1
Oct-13	7.5	7.5	13.3	13.3
Nov-13	7.5	7.5	13.3	13.3
Dec-13	7.5	7.5	13.3	13.4
Jan-14	7.5	7.3	13.3	13.3
Feb-14	7.5	7.5	13.3	13.4
Mar-14	7.6	7.5	13.4	13.4
Apr-14	7.7	7.7	13.5	13.5
May-14	7.8	7.8	13.7	13.7
Jun-14	8.0	7.9	14.0	14.0
Jul-14	8.2	8.3	14.3	14.5
Aug-14	8.3	8.4	14.5	14.4
Sep-14	8.4	8.8	14.7	15.1
Oct-14	8.5	8.2	14.8	14.6
Nov-14	8.5	8.6	14.8	14.9
Dec-14	8.5	8.5	14.8	14.6
Jan-15	8.5	8.5	14.7	14.8
Feb-15	8.5	8.5	14.6	14.6
Mar-15	8.4	8.2	14.5	14.2
Apr-15	8.4	8.3	14.5	14.5
May-15	8.4	8.4	14.5	14.3
Jun-15	8.4	8.4	14.5	14.4
Jul-15	8.5	8.6	14.6	14.9
Aug-15	8.6	8.4	14.6	14.5
Sep-15	8.6	8.8	14.6	15.0
Oct-15	8.6	8.7	14.6	14.6
Nov-15	8.6	8.6	14.5	14.4
Dec-15	8.5	8.5	14.4	14.2
Jan-16	8.5	8.5	14.2	14.5
Feb-16	8.4	8.3	14.1	14.0
Mar-16	8.4	8.4	14.1	14.0
Apr-16	8.5	8.6	14.2	14.3
May-16	8.6	8.3	14.2	14.0
Jun-16	8.6	8.8	14.3	14.5
Jul-16	8.7	9.0	14.3	14.7
Aug-16	8.7	8.8	14.3	14.4
Sep-16	8.7	8.7	14.3	14.4
Oct-16	8.6	8.5	14.3	14.1
Nov-16	8.6	8.5	14.3	14.3
Dec-16	8.7	8.6	14.4	14.5
Jan-17	8.7	8.8	14.5	14.5
Feb-17	8.7	9.0	14.5	14.9
Mar-17	8.7	8.6	14.5	14.5
Apr-17	8.7	8.8	14.4	14.4
May-17	8.6	8.7	14.3	14.2
Jun-17	8.6	8.4	14.2	14.0
Jul-17	8.5	8.5	14.1	14.1
Aug-17	8.5	8.6	14.0	14.1
Sep-17	8.5	8.6	14.0	14.0
Oct-17	8.5	8.5	14.0	13.9
Nov-17	8.5	8.5	14.0	13.9
Dec-17	8.5	8.5	14.0	14.1
Jan-18	8.5	8.7	14.0	14.2
Feb-18	8.5	8.5	14.0	14.1
Mar-18	8.5	8.6	14.0	14.1
Apr-18	8.5	8.5	14.0	14.0
May-18	8.5	8.4	13.9	13.8
Jun-18	8.4	8.6	13.8	13.9
Jul-18	8.4	8.4	13.7	13.7
Aug-18	8.4	8.2	13.6	13.4
Sep-18	8.3	8.3	13.5	13.3
Oct-18	8.3	8.3	13.4	13.3
Nov-18	8.3	8.5	13.3	13.6
Dec-18	8.3	8.3	13.3	13.3
Jan-19	8.3	8.1	13.3	13.2
Feb-19	8.3	8.0	13.3	13.0
Mar-19	8.3	8.2	13.4	13.3
Apr-19	8.3	8.5	13.5	13.7
May-19	8.4	8.5	13.5	13.8
Jun-19	8.4	8.2	13.6	13.4
Jul-19	8.4	8.4	13.7	13.7
Aug-19	8.4	8.5	13.7	13.8
Sep-19	8.4	8.4	13.7	13.6
Oct-19	8.4	8.5	13.7	13.8
Nov-19	8.5	8.3	13.7	13.5
Dec-19	8.5	8.3	13.7	13.4
Jan-20	8.6	8.6	13.7	13.9
Feb-20	8.6	8.6	13.7	13.7
Mar-20	8.7	8.8	13.9	14.0

Underemployment rate and underutilisation rate

["","Underemployment rate - Trend","Underemployment rate - Seasonally adjusted","Underutilisation rate - Trend","Underutilisation rate - Seasonally adjusted"]

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States and territories

March 2020, Trend estimates
	New South Wales	Victoria	Queensland	South Australia	Western Australia	Tasmania	Northern Territory	Australian Capital Territory	Australia
Employed persons	4,138,100	3,454,400	2,567,100	852,000	1,368,900	258,200	134,300	238,700	13,020,500
Employed persons - monthly change	0.1%	0.1%	0.2%	0.1%	0.1%	0.2%	0.5%	0.5%	0.1%
Employment to population ratio	62.3%	63.1%	62.0%	58.8%	64.4%	58.1%	71.8%	69.5%	62.6%
Employment to population ratio - monthly change	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	0.4 pts	0.2 pts	0.0 pts
Unemployment rate	4.7%	5.2%	5.7%	6.0%	5.4%	5.3%	5.5%	3.0%	5.2%
Unemployment rate - monthly change	0.0 pts	0.1 pts	-0.1 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	-0.1 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts
Underemployment rate	8.4%	8.4%	8.8%	9.9%	9.2%	11.3%	5.7%	5.4%	8.7%
Underemployment rate - monthly change	0.0 pts	0.1 pts	0.0 pts	0.1 pts	0.1 pts	0.1 pts	0.1 pts	-0.1 pts	0.1 pts
Participation rate	65.4%	66.5%	65.7%	62.6%	68.1%	61.4%	76.0%	71.7%	66.0%
Participation rate - monthly change	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	0.1 pts	0.0 pts	0.0 pts	0.4 pts	0.3 pts	0.0 pts

Data downloads

Labour force status

Table 1. Labour force status by Sex, Australia - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Data files

Download xls [1.12 MB]

Table 4. Labour force status by Sex, New South Wales - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Data files

Download xls [869.5 KB]

Table 5. Labour force status by Sex, Victoria - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Data files

Download xls [883 KB]

Table 6. Labour force status by Sex, Queensland - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Data files

Download xls [901.5 KB]

Table 7. Labour force status by Sex, South Australia - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Data files

Download xls [914.5 KB]

Table 8. Labour force status by Sex, Western Australia - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Data files

Download xls [911.5 KB]

Table 9. Labour force status by Sex, Tasmania - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Data files

Download xls [1.09 MB]

Table 10. Labour force status by Sex, Northern Territory - Trend and Original

Data files

Download xls [1.73 MB]

Table 11. Labour force status by Sex, Australian Capital Territory - Trend and Original

Data files

Download xls [1.04 MB]

Table 12. Labour force status by Sex, State and Territory - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Data files

Download xls [9 MB]

Table 13. Labour force status for 15-24 year olds by Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Data files

Download xls [1.12 MB]

Table 15. Labour force status for 15-24 year olds by Educational attendance (full-time) and Sex

Data files

Download xls [1.55 MB]

Table 16. Labour force status for 15-24 year olds by State, Territory and Educational attendance (full-time)

Data files

Download xls [8.33 MB]

Table 17. Labour force status for 15-19 year olds by Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Data files

Download xls [973.5 KB]

Table 18. Labour force status for 15-64 year olds by Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Data files

Download xls [1.11 MB]

Hours worked

Table 19. Monthly hours worked in all jobs by Employed full-time, part-time and Sex and by State and Territory - Trend and Seasonally adjusted

Data files

Download xls [366.5 KB]

Table 21. Quarterly hours worked in all jobs by Market and Non-market sector - Seasonally adjusted

Data files

Download xls [62.5 KB]

Underemployment and underutilisation

Table 22. Underutilised persons by Age and Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Data files

Download xls [8.21 MB]

Table 23. Underutilised persons by State and Territory and Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Data files

Download xls [11.85 MB]

Table 24. Underutilised persons by Age and Sex (expanded analytical series)

Data files

Download xls [720.5 KB]

Table 25. Underutilised persons by State, Territory and Sex (expanded analytical series)

Data files

Download xls [597.5 KB]

Flows into and out of employment

GM1 - Labour force status and Gross changes (flows) by Age, Sex, State and Territory, February 1991 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [97.04 MB]

All time series spreadsheets

All Time Series Spreadsheets

Data files

Download zip [23.13 MB]

Article archive

LFS content and output

Understanding the labour force

Employment and jobs

Unemployment and underemployment

Hours worked

Regional estimates

Methodology

Labour Force, Australia methodology, March 2020

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APA

Labour Force, Australia

APA

Key statistics

Managing the impact of Coronavirus (COVID-19) on labour force statistics

Impacts of Coronavirus (COVID-19) on trend estimation and seasonal adjustment in the Labour Force Survey

Time series and sudden changes in the labour market

Trend and seasonally adjusted estimates for March

Changes in trend and seasonal adjustment series from April

Further information

Additional labour market data to be published during COVID-19 pandemic

Managing the impact of the bushfires on labour force statistics

Articles

Unemployment

Employment

Full-time and part-time employment

Employment to population ratio

Hours worked

Participation

Underemployment and underutilisation

States and territories

Data downloads

Labour force status

Table 1. Labour force status by Sex, Australia - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 4. Labour force status by Sex, New South Wales - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 5. Labour force status by Sex, Victoria - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 6. Labour force status by Sex, Queensland - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 7. Labour force status by Sex, South Australia - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 8. Labour force status by Sex, Western Australia - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 9. Labour force status by Sex, Tasmania - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 10. Labour force status by Sex, Northern Territory - Trend and Original

Table 11. Labour force status by Sex, Australian Capital Territory - Trend and Original

Table 12. Labour force status by Sex, State and Territory - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 13. Labour force status for 15-24 year olds by Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 15. Labour force status for 15-24 year olds by Educational attendance (full-time) and Sex

Table 16. Labour force status for 15-24 year olds by State, Territory and Educational attendance (full-time)

Table 17. Labour force status for 15-19 year olds by Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 18. Labour force status for 15-64 year olds by Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Hours worked

Table 19. Monthly hours worked in all jobs by Employed full-time, part-time and Sex and by State and Territory - Trend and Seasonally adjusted

Table 21. Quarterly hours worked in all jobs by Market and Non-market sector - Seasonally adjusted

Underemployment and underutilisation

Table 22. Underutilised persons by Age and Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 23. Underutilised persons by State and Territory and Sex - Trend, Seasonally adjusted and Original

Table 24. Underutilised persons by Age and Sex (expanded analytical series)

Table 25. Underutilised persons by State, Territory and Sex (expanded analytical series)

Flows into and out of employment

GM1 - Labour force status and Gross changes (flows) by Age, Sex, State and Territory, February 1991 onwards

All time series spreadsheets

All Time Series Spreadsheets

Article archive

LFS content and output

Understanding the labour force

Employment and jobs

Unemployment and underemployment

Hours worked

Regional estimates

Methodology

Methodology

Articles

Hours worked steady before major COVID-19 restrictions

Labour force survey rotation group analysis, March 2020

People moving into or out of employment or unemployment every month

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