Australian National Accounts: National Income, Expenditure and Product

• 2.0% rise in recreation and culture
• 1.9% rise in health
• 0.9% rise in food
• 1.7% rise in furnishings and household equipment
• 0.4% rise in rent and other dwelling services
• 2.4% rise in purchase of vehicles
• 0.8% rise in insurance and other financial services
• 2.9% rise in electricity, gas and other fuel
• 1.7% rise in transport services
• 0.7% rise in hotels, cafes and restaurants

The increase was partly offset by a:

• 8.2% fall in cigarettes and tobacco
• 0.9% fall in clothing and footwear

• 2.3% rise in national-non-defence
• 3.2% rise in national-defence

The increase was partly offset by a:

• 0.3% fall in state and local

• 1.6% rise in intellectual property products
• 0.3% rise in dwellings
• 1.1% rise in ownership transfer costs
• 0.1% rise in machinery and equipment
• 0.6% rise in cultivated biological resources

The increase was partly offset by a:

• 1.2% fall in non-dwelling construction

• 4.2% fall in state and local general government
• 21.8% fall in national defence
• 4.4% fall in national non-defence

The decrease was partly offset by a:

• 2.5% rise in state and local public corporations
• 2.9% rise in commonwealth public corporations

Total inventories rose $1,199m following a rise of $2,108m in the March quarter. The largest contributors to the increase were a:

• $1,620m rise in Mining
• $1,060m rise in Public Authorities
• $229m rise in Other Non-Farm
• $108m rise in Manufacturing

The increase was partly offset by a:

• $1,379m fall in Wholesale Trade
• $252m fall in Retail Trade
• $186m fall in Farm

• 3.0% rise in mineral ores
• 26.5% rise in cereals
• 3.7% rise in other mineral fuels
• 4.8% rise in travel services
• 11.8% rise in metals & metal manufacturing
• 6.8% rise in other manufactures nes
• 12.0% rise in other non-rural & sugar
• 4.0% rise in meat
• 1.1% rise in other services

The rise was partly offset by a:

• 11.3% fall in other rural
• 11.9% fall in non-monetary gold
• 2.3% fall in coal
• 15.2% fall in transport equipment

• 27.9% rise in ADP equipment
• 37.7% rise in non-monetary gold
• 17.9% rise in industrial transport equipment
• 3.5% rise in travel services
• 6.3% rise in non-industrial transport equipment
• 4.8% rise in transportation services
• 7.1% rise in textile clothing & footwear
• 106.6% rise in maintenance and repair services nes
• 1.6% rise in consumption goods nes
• 4.0% rise in parts for transport equipment
• 12.7% rise in iron & steel
• 7.8% rise in toys, books & leisure goods
• 32.5% rise in civil aircraft & confid.
• 10.5% rise in plastics
• 6.5% rise in organic & inorganic chemicals
• 37.0% rise in parts for ADP equipment
• 1.3% rise in parts for other capital goods

The rise was partly offset by a:

• 30.1% fall in capital goods nes
• 10.0% fall in processed industrial supplies nes
• 2.8% fall in food, beverages & tobacco
• 0.6% fall in fuels & lubricants

Compensation of employees rose 1.1%.

Private sector COE rose 0.8% and public sector COE rose 2.1%. Strength in private sector COE was driven by Health Care and Social Assistance, Accommodation and Food Services and Transport, Postal and Warehousing. The rise in Health was due to wage reforms related to aged care and childcare services, while a rise in Accommodation and Food services was due to headcount and bonus payments in line with increased sales partly due to extended holidays and favourable conditions following extreme weather events in the March quarter.

Public sector COE increased due to a rise in employee expenses by both commonwealth and state and local governments. For commonwealth the rise was driven by the wage increase paid across all Commonwealth agencies, the increased activity from the federal election and defence due to a higher number of military exercises conducted during the quarter. State and local employee expenses rose driven by a number of enterprise agreements across Victoria, Western Australia and South Australia. These pay increases were seen across Healthcare and Social Assistance, police and education.

All of the eight states and territories recorded a quarterly rise in COE. The largest increases were a:

• 2.6% rise in Australian Capital Territory
• 2.2% rise in South Australia
• 1.8% rise in Tasmania

Private non-financial corporations GOS fell 0.1%, driven by:

• Fall in Mining. Despite the rebound in mining production after the weather disruption in March quarter, GOS fell driven by lower commodity prices in coal, oil and gas and metal ores driven by decreased global demand.
• Fall in Manufacturing due to metal products, with weakness in alumina due to lower prices and sales volumes. Basic chemicals also fell due to stronger than normal falls from pharmaceuticals. These were offset by rises from meat manufacturing due to favourable conditions and prices as global demand for meat remained strong.
• Fall in Retail Trade due to a rise in expenses and labour costs. Sales were affected by increased discounting by major retailers.   
• Partly offset by a fall in Wholesale Trade with a rise due to increased sales for motor vehicles and computer equipment. Professional, Scientific and Technical Services saw rises driven by businesses related to computer design, and Transport, Postal and Warehousing also saw rises due to increased demand for air transport.

Other sectors GOS rose 0.8%, driven by a:

• 1.1% rise in dwellings owned by persons
• 1.1% rise in financial corporations, and
• Partly offset by a 9.5% fall in public non-financial corporations

Taxes on production and imports rose 0.3% driven by taxes on international trade, GST, gambling taxes and partly offset by excise taxes. The increase in taxes on international trade was driven by alcohol and tobacco. The decline in excise taxes was driven by weak crude oil prices and sales volumes. Subsidies on production fell 3.7% driven by state and local general government and partially offset by a rise in national general government subsidy payments. The fall in state and local general government was driven by NSW and Victoria due to a fall in subsidy payments related to transport services and jobs. National general government subsides rose driven by the Australia Screen and Digital Game Production Incentive program. There was also a rise in subsidy support for the Child Care System program due to the recent increase in childcare workers salary policy. These rises were offset by the Research and Development Tax Incentive Program and the Renewable Energy Certificates program which fell due to weak claims submitted this quarter.

The increase was driven by a:

• 0.2% rise in Agriculture due to elevated livestock production. 
• 0.7% rise in Forestry and Fishing.

The increase was driven by a:

• 6.1% rise in Iron Ore Mining, with a rebound in production following recent weather and maintenance disruptions and increased mining capacity.
• 1.2% rise in Oil and Gas Extraction, following a recovery from severe weather and outages.
• 0.8% rise in Coal Mining, following weather interruptions in the previous quarter.
• 2.3% rise in Exploration and Mining Support Services.

This was partly offset by a:

• 0.7% fall in Other Mining.

The decrease was driven by a: 

• 2.6% fall in Machinery and Equipment, driven by Transport Equipment Manufacturing.
• 2.5% fall in Other Manufacturing.
• 2.5% fall in Petroleum, Coal, Chemical and Rubber Products due to a fall in pharmaceutical manufacturing.

This was partly offset by a:

• 4.5% rise in Metal Products, driven by gold and copper refining.
• 0.6% rise in Food, Beverage and Tobacco Products, driven by meat production. 

The decrease was driven by a:

• 2.3% fall in Water Supply and Waste Services.
• 1.7% fall in Electricity Supply, driven by warmer than average temperatures.
• 1.5% fall in Gas Supply.

The decrease was driven by a:

• 3.8% fall in Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction due to decreased infrastructure project activity.
• 0.2% fall in Construction Services, driven by lower demand for trade services.

This was partly offset by a:

• 0.3% rise in Building Construction, driven by residential construction. 

The increase was driven by:

• Machinery and Equipment Wholesaling due to computer product wholesaling.
• Basic Material Wholesaling due to cereal grains and fertiliser wholesaling.
• Motor Vehicle and Motor Vehicle Parts Wholesaling due to increased retail demand for passenger vehicles.

The increase was driven by:

• Other Store-Based Retailing, driven by purchases of household and electronic goods.
• Motor Vehicle and Motor Vehicle Parts Retailing, from increased demand for passenger vehicles.

The increase was driven by: 

• Accommodation, in line with increased domestic and international travel.
• Food and Beverage Services due to increased demand for cafés, restaurants and takeaway services. 

The increase was driven by a:

• 2.8% rise in Transport, Postal and Storage Services due to increased airport activity.
• 4.6% rise in Air and Space Transport, from increased domestic and international travel.
• 0.9% rise in Rail, Pipeline and Other Transport.

This was partly offset by a:

• 0.9% fall in Road Transport.

The increase was driven by a: 

• 2.8% rise in Other Information and Media Services, driven by data centre activity.
• 0.7% rise in Telecommunication Services.

The increase was driven by a:

• 1.1% rise in Finance, driven by strength in deposit and loan balances.
• 1.3% rise in Other Financial and Insurance Services, driven by superannuation, mortgage brokering and stock brokering.

The decrease was driven by a:

• 0.9% fall in Property Operators and Real Estate Services.

This was partly offset by a:

• 2.8% rise in Rental and Hiring Services, driven by increased demand for mining machinery hire.

The decrease was driven by a:

• 0.3% fall in Other Professional, Scientific and Technical Services due to accounting services.

Computer System Design and Related Services was flat (0.0%).

Administrative Services fell, driven by decreased labour hire recruitment activity.

Public Administration and Safety rose, from the 2025 Federal Election and increased defence exercise activity.

Health Care and Social Assistance rose due to increases in public and private health services. 

Arts and Recreation Services rose, driven by Gambling Activities.

Other Services rose due to Repair and Maintenance and Personal and Other Services.

Total final consumption expenditure increased 0.8%, driven by a:

• 0.7% rise in household consumption driven by recreation and culture (2.2%), health (2.1%) and food (0.8%). The increase was slightly offset by falls in cigarettes and tobacco (-9.3%) and clothing and footwear (-1.6%).
• 1.2% rise in government consumption driven by increased national spending (3.0%).

Private gross fixed capital formation increased 1.3%, driven by a:

• 2.1% rise in total non-dwelling construction.
• 2.2% rise in total machinery and equipment. 

Public gross fixed capital formation decreased 7.2%, driven by a:

• 7.6% fall in general government driven by decreased national (-19.6%) and state and local (-4.5%).
• 6.1% fall in public corporations driven by decreased state and local (-6.9%) and national (-5.2%).

Total final consumption expenditure increased 0.6%, driven by a:

• 0.5% rise in household consumption driven by health (1.9%), food (1.0%), rent and other dwelling services (0.4%) and furnishings and household equipment (1.8%). These were partly offset by falls in electricity, gas and other fuels (-6.0%), cigarettes and tobacco (-7.7%) and clothing and footwear (-0.9%).
• 0.8% rise in government consumption driven by increased national spending (1.5%). 

Private gross fixed capital formation increased 1.2%, driven by a:

• 8.8% rise in total machinery and equipment.
• 3.8% rise in ownership transfer costs.

Partly offset by a:

• 5.6% fall in total non-dwelling construction, led by new buildings (-7.3%).

Public gross fixed capital formation decreased 4.2%, driven by a:

• 6.3% fall in general government led by decreased state and local (-5.1%).

Partly offset by a:

• 1.2% rise in public corporations driven by increased national (14.0%). 

Total final consumption expenditure increased 1.3%, driven by a: 

• 1.7% rise in household consumption driven by recreation and culture (3.6%), electricity, gas and other fuel (15.9%) and hotels, cafes and restaurants (2.4%). Slightly offset by falls in cigarettes and tobacco (-8.3%).
• 0.5% rise in government consumption driven by increased national (2.8%) spending.

Private gross fixed capital formation decreased 0.9%, driven by a: 

• 6.2% fall in total machinery and equipment.
• 0.8% fall in ownership transfer costs.

Partly offset by a: 

• 1.3% rise in total dwellings led by alterations and additions (2.2%).
• 0.5% rise in total non-dwelling construction.

Public gross fixed capital formation decreased 3.2%, driven by a: 

• 5.8% fall in general government driven by decreased state and local (-3.6%) and national (-15.9%).

Partly offset by a:

• 3.6% rise in public corporations driven by increased state and local (2.1%) and commonwealth (13.5%).
   

Total final consumption expenditure increased 1.0%, driven by a:

• 2.3% rise in government consumption led by increased state and local (2.3%) and national (2.3%).
• 0.5% rise in household consumption driven by recreation and culture (1.9%), food (1.2%) and health (1.5%). These were partly offset by falls in cigarettes and tobacco (-8.3%), purchase of vehicles (-3.1%) and electricity, gas and other fuel (-1.6%).

Private gross fixed capital formation increased 0.3%, driven by a:

• 4.5% rise in total dwellings led by new and used dwellings (5.1%).

Partly offset by a:

• 6.9% fall in total machinery and equipment.
• 0.6% fall in total non-dwelling construction driven by new engineering construction (-4.7%).

Public gross fixed capital formation decreased 3.4%, driven by a:

• 6.3% fall in general government driven by national (-19.5%).

Partly offset by a:

• 7.5% rise in public corporations led by commonwealth (14.3%).

Total final consumption expenditure increased 1.4%, driven by a: 

• 1.6% rise in household final consumption driven by electricity, gas and other fuel (50.3%), recreation and culture (2.3%) and health (1.8%). These were partly offset by falls in cigarettes and tobacco (-7.6%) and clothing and footwear (-1.2%).
• 0.9% rise in government consumption driven by increased national (2.6%) spending.

Private gross fixed capital formation decreased 0.1%, driven by a:

• 2.9% fall in total non-dwelling construction led by new engineering construction (-3.5%).
• 0.4% fall in total machinery and equipment.

Partly offset by a:

• 6.9% rise in intellectual property products.
• 3.3% rise in total dwellings led by new and used dwellings (5.0%).

Public gross fixed capital formation decreased 7.6%, driven by a:

• 5.3% fall in general government driven by decreased national (-12.3%) and state and local (-2.5%).
• 9.8% fall in public corporations driven by state and local (-11.7%).

Total final consumption expenditure increased 0.3%, driven by a:

• 0.8% rise in government consumption led by national (1.2%).
• Household final consumption was flat (0.0%), driven by increased recreation and culture (2.3%), hotels, cafes and restaurants (1.6%), food (0.7%) and health (1.0%). These were offset by falls in electricity, gas and other fuel (-11.2%), cigarettes and tobacco (-7.8%) and purchase of vehicles (-4.8%).

Private gross fixed capital formation increased 2.0%, driven by a: 

• 9.1% rise in total non-dwelling construction driven by new building (19.1%).

Partly offset by a:

• 1.0% fall in total dwellings driven by new and used dwellings (-2.4%).

Public gross fixed capital formation increased 63.4%, driven by a:

• 139.8% rise in public corporations led by state and local (150.9%).

Total final consumption expenditure increased 0.5%, driven by a:

• 0.5% rise in household consumption, driven by hotels, cafes and restaurants (1.3%), rent and other dwelling services (0.3%) and health (1.9%). These were partly offset by falls in cigarettes and tobacco (-7.7%), recreation and culture (-0.9%) and purchase of vehicles (-3.1%).
• 0.6% rise in government consumption, driven by increased national (2.0%) spending.

Private gross fixed capital formation decreased 10.3%, driven by a: 

• 15.6% fall in total non-dwelling construction, driven by new engineering construction (-20.5%).
• 31.0% fall in intellectual property products.

Partly offset by a:

• 22.5% rise in total machinery and equipment.
• 12.2% rise in ownership transfer costs.

Public gross fixed capital formation decreased 0.5%, driven by a:

• 12.0% fall in public corporations driven by decreased state and local (-15.8%).

Partly offset by a

• 1.9% rise in general government led by national (3.7%).

Total final consumption expenditure increased (1.3%), driven by a: 

• 1.6% rise in government consumption driven by national (2.2%).
• 0.7% rise in household consumption, driven by food (1.3%), recreation and culture (1.1%), health (1.3%) and purchases of vehicles (3.0%). These were partly offset by falls in cigarettes and tobacco (-9.5%) and clothing and footwear (-0.6%).

Private gross fixed capital formation increased 4.2%, driven by a:

• 9.1% rise in total dwellings, driven by new and used dwellings (13.3%).
• 12.4% rise in total non-dwelling construction led by new buildings (13.7%).

Partly offset by a:

• 13.8% fall in total machinery and equipment.

Public gross fixed capital formation decreased 10.4%, driven by a:

• 9.9% fall in general government driven by decreased national (-7.8%) and state and local (-16.4%).
• 16.7% fall in public corporations driven by decreased state and local (-24.2%).

Annual Australian System of National Accounts historical revisions

Statistical revisions are carried out regularly in the Australian National Accounts to reflect the most current information and estimation methods. For most statistical releases the ABS will try to limit revisions to the most recent quarters. Periodically ABS needs to revise a longer time series of selected estimates, which is referred to as a “historical revision". Historical revisions are important for a number of reasons including improved data quality, to update classifications and to improve international comparability.

This year’s round of targeted historical revisions will be first published in:

• Australian National Accounts: Supply Use Tables, 2023-24 - 24 October 2025
• Australian System of National Accounts, 2024-25 - 24 October 2025
• Australian National Accounts: National Income, Expenditure and Product, September quarter 2025 - 3 December 2025

The 2025 round of historical revisions incorporates three improvements:

Incorporation of Household Solar Electricity Production

The ABS has introduced new methodology for capturing energy production from household solar panel installation. This improvement will incorporate data from the Australian Energy Regulator (AER), the Australian Energy Statistics (AES) and the Survey of Consumer Sales. the production and use of solar electricity by households into the National Accounts. 

Improvements to Household Final Consumption Expenditure (HFCE) of Accommodation Services

The ABS has updated the source data for annual estimates of HFCE of Accommodation services. The Household Expenditure Survey (HES) has been replaced by the National Visitors Survey (NVS) as the primary source. The NVS is run more frequently than the HES and allows for the estimates to be updated with greater timeliness.

Incorporation of the revised monetary Energy Accounts Australia data

The ABS updated the sources and methods for the Energy Account, Australia (EAA), and will now include monetary use of energy. These estimates will be implemented in the National Accounts.