1301.0 - Year Book Australia, 2006  
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Contents >> Chapter 30 - International accounts and trade >> International trade in services

INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES

International trade in services covers all services rendered by Australian residents to non-residents (exports) and by non-residents to residents (imports), where services are broadly defined as products other than tangible goods. As international trade in services covers a diverse range of activities, a variety of data sources and methods is used to compile estimates of the different service types.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Australia's international trade in services statistics are compiled in accordance with the International Monetary Fund's Balance of Payments Manual, fifth edition (BPM5). More information on the concepts, sources and methods used to produce Australia's international trade in services statistics is included in Balance of Payments and International Investment Position, Australia: Concepts, Sources and Methods, 1998 (5331.0).

CLASSIFICATION

The international standard for the classification of international trade in services is defined in the BPM5 framework. This framework has been further elaborated in the 'Extended Balance of Payments Services Classification', as detailed in the UN publication Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services, 2002.

International trade in services statistics are compiled for transportation, travel, communications, construction, computer and information services, royalties and licence fees, other business services, personal, cultural and recreational services and government services. Some information is also available by partner country and state.

STATISTICAL OVERVIEW

In current price terms, Australia's international trade in services balance in 2004-05 recorded a deficit of $1.9b, an increase of $1.7b on the $0.3b deficit recorded in 2003-04. Services exports (credits) rose $1.0b (3.0%) to $35.0b and services imports (debits) rose $2.7b to $36.9b (7.8%). Table 30.30 provides details of Australia's international trade in services by service type.

The largest country contributor to the overall deficit on services was the United States of America, with a deficit of $1.7b. Deficits were recorded for most European trading partners, with Switzerland the largest at $0.6b. Australia recorded a net surplus with a number of its Asian trading partners, the largest being with Japan at $1.3b. Australia also recorded a net surplus of $0.8b with New Zealand. Tables 30.31 and 30.32 provide details of Australia's international trade in services by partner country and country groups.

30.30 INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES, By service type

2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
$m
$m
$m
$m
$m

EXPORTS

Transportation services
8,062
7,665
7,458
7,602
8,016
Passenger(a)
7,024
6,664
6,538
6,772
7,231
Freight
1,038
1,001
920
830
785
Other(a)
n.p.
n.p.
n.p.
n.p.
n.p.
Travel services
15,507
15,645
15,452
17,108
17,589
Business
1,206
1,156
1,122
1,262
1,227
Personal
14,301
14,489
14,330
15,846
16,362
Communications services(b)
1,397
927
1,082
834
790
Construction services
68
101
85
84
77
Insurance services
709
673
673
686
684
Financial services
920
966
984
995
1,004
Computer and information services
826
981
1,091
1,125
1,172
Royalties and licence fees
626
515
618
622
624
Other business services
3,185
3,391
3,638
3,566
3,738
Merchanting and other trade-related
489
549
509
632
666
Operational leasing
16
26
27
23
18
Miscellaneous business, professional and technical
2,680
2,816
3,102
2,911
3,054
Personal, cultural and recreational services
1514
598
610
523
432
Government services n.e.i.
733
788
802
835
861
Total
33,547
32,250
32,493
33,980
34,987

IMPORTS

Transportation services
-11,352
-10,776
-10,960
-11,634
-13,176
Passenger
-4,337
-4,182
-4,248
-4,790
-4,766
Freight
-5,991
-5,626
-5,808
-6,056
-7,514
Other
-1,024
-968
-904
-788
-896
Travel services
-11,072
-10,918
-11,012
-12,136
-13,525
Business
-2,786
-2,701
-2,677
-2,908
-3,017
Personal
-8,286
-8,217
-8,335
-9,228
-10,508
Communications services
-1,770
-1,451
-1,407
-879
-704
Construction services
-
-
-
-
-
Insurance services
-878
-856
-856
-874
-872
Financial services
-592
-612
-585
-587
-584
Computer and information services
-849
-884
-967
-1,009
-1,056
Royalties and license fees
-1,706
-1,791
-1,828
-1,978
-2,011
Other business services
-3,069
-3,812
-3,746
-3,499
-3,242
Merchanting and other trade-related
-248
-334
-369
-192
-229
Operational leasing
-1,011
-948
-955
-916
-703
Miscellaneous business, professional and technical
-1,810
-2,530
-2,422
-2,391
-2,310
Personal, cultural and recreational services
-767
-882
-846
-883
-992
Government services n.i.e.
-626
-649
-684
-756
-760
Total
-32,681
-32,631
-32,891
-34,235
-36,922

(a) Passenger transportation exports includes other transportation services.
(b) Communication services includes other services n.e.i.

Source: Balance of Payments and International Investment Position, Australia (5302.0).


30.31 SERVICE EXPORTS, By country and country group(a)

1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
$m
$m
$m
$m
$m

Belgium
95
111
115
137
140
Brunei Darussalam
19
21
34
27
32
Canada
376
426
416
399
453
Central America and Caribbean
4
6
24
14
42
Chile
11
13
16
10
12
China (excl. SARs and Taiwan Prov.)
701
868
921
977
1,187
Fiji
190
141
114
131
129
France
290
366
357
377
410
Germany
768
856
803
762
818
Greece
78
77
61
54
69
Hong Kong (SAR of China)
997
1,198
1,442
1,331
1,292
India
346
432
453
456
565
Indonesia
787
869
986
972
999
Ireland
165
216
220
318
388
Italy
271
294
238
252
218
Japan
3,324
3,678
3,453
3,361
3,300
Korea, Republic of (South)
597
735
815
837
891
Malaysia
754
852
839
885
970
Mexico
10
13
13
14
10
Netherlands
300
308
271
285
389
New Zealand
2,045
2,275
2,190
2,341
2,485
Norway
96
111
136
68
167
Papua New Guinea
379
388
353
296
316
Peru
-
23
33
33
38
Philippines
174
157
141
129
119
Russian Federation
56
73
63
45
61
Singapore
1,687
2,160
2,282
2,200
2,224
South Africa
183
219
183
236
247
Sweden
285
229
181
180
197
Switzerland
313
382
384
397
384
Taiwan
420
444
379
352
426
Thailand
429
492
472
479
489
United Kingdom
3,111
3,575
3,601
3,662
3,814
United States of America
4,590
5,854
4,605
4,756
4,454
Vietnam
99
111
156
200
204
Africa n.e.s.
134
152
175
129
243
America n.e.s.
296
182
136
155
160
Asia n.e.s.
949
1,289
1,359
1,464
1,578
Europe n.e.s.
672
968
782
870
936
Oceania n.e.s.
235
207
228
229
263
Unallocated
2,325
2,772
2,817
2,671
2,839
Total
28,561
33,543
32,247
32,491
33,959
APEC
17,454
20,651
19,611
19,748
19,962
ASEAN
3,959
4,675
4,913
4,896
5,040
EU
5,672
6,378
6,109
6,308
6,776
OECD
17,026
19,846
18,145
18,639
18,948

(a) At the time of compilation, final country data for 2004-05 were not available for inclusion.

Source: International Trade in Goods and Services, Australia (5368.0).


30.32 SERVICE IMPORTS, By country and country group(a)

1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
$m
$m
$m
$m
$m

Belgium
-91
-60
-36
-41
-34
Brunei Darussalam
-24
-36
-42
-53
-51
Canada
-388
-402
-387
-412
-378
Central America and Caribbean
-238
-255
-260
-252
-220
Chile
-38
-64
-76
-70
-64
China (excl. SARs and Taiwan Prov.)
-621
-677
-808
-913
-881
Fiji
-354
-323
-327
-385
-417
France
-381
-425
-419
-538
-564
Germany
-885
-1,102
-1,273
-1,175
-1,192
Greece
-266
-281
-278
-202
-187
Hong Kong (SAR of China)
-1,287
-1,643
-1,967
-1,664
-1,586
India
-193
-221
-217
-205
-239
Indonesia
-525
-552
-634
-523
-511
Ireland
-181
-229
-252
-225
-323
Italy
-421
-436
-457
-446
-496
Japan
-2,074
-2,166
-1,788
-1,888
-2,001
Korea, Republic of (South)
-206
-293
-303
-409
-388
Malaysia
-743
-922
-790
-692
-688
Mexico
-33
-29
-35
-39
-39
Netherlands
-598
-536
-398
-553
-569
New Zealand
-1,546
-1,698
-1,650
-1,809
-1,723
Norway
-57
-48
-53
-57
-176
Papua New Guinea
-162
-177
-162
-169
-159
Peru
-
-1
-18
-18
-28
Philippines
-171
-184
-169
-181
-205
Russian Federation
-45
-117
-130
-52
-55
Singapore
-1,928
-2,244
-2,368
-2,450
-2,585
South Africa
-171
-188
-229
-291
-265
Sweden
-82
-102
-73
-86
-71
Switzerland
-702
-924
-1,012
-996
-943
Taiwan
-136
-135
-129
-173
-223
Thailand
-626
-735
-795
-812
-821
United Kingdom
-3,675
-3,871
-3,676
-3,809
-3,821
United States of America
-6,372
-6,454
-6,211
-5,982
-6,182
Vietnam
-213
-242
-267
-336
-371
Africa n.e.s.
-331
-365
-334
-278
-380
America n.e.s.
-164
-149
-147
-169
-185
Asia n.e.s.
-756
-1,097
-1,278
-1,591
-1,950
Europe n.e.s.
-845
-933
-1,098
-1,026
-1,418
Oceania n.e.s.
-230
-256
-231
-266
-313
Unallocated
-2,240
-2,109
-1,855
-1,654
-1,549
Total
-29,999
-32,681
-32,632
-32,890
-34,251
APEC
-17,139
-18,770
-18,728
-18,644
-18,941
ASEAN
-4,275
-4,931
-5,079
-5,047
-5,238
EU
-6,933
-7,416
-7,210
-7,403
-8,000
OECD
-18,580
-19,544
-18,768
-19,067
-19,877

(a) At the time of compilation, final country data for 2004-05 were not available for inclusion.

Source: International Trade in Goods and Services, Australia (5368.0).



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