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Definition

17.1. Nominal holding gains and losses are defined as those gains and losses that accrue to the value of assets and liabilities during the reference period that are not brought about as a direct result of the actions of the householders. They are often referred to as capital gains and losses and may be realised or unrealised. Gains and losses are realised when the household sells off the assets or disposes of the liabilities. They are unrealised when no transactions involving the assets or liabilities take place.

17.2. A positive holding gain, whether due to an increase in the value of a given asset or a reduction in the value of a liability, increases the net worth of the household. A holding loss, whether due to a reduction in the value of an asset or an increase in the value of a given liability, reduces the net worth of the household.

Classification

17.3. Nominal holding gains and losses are classified as:

• realised, or

• unrealised.