6160.0 - Jobs in Australia, 2011-12 to 2015-16 
Quality Declaration
Quality Declaration ARCHIVED ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 19/09/2018 First Issue
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GLOSSARY
A non-resident entity may be entitled to an ABN if they are carrying on an enterprise in Australia and/or, in the course of carrying on an enterprise, the entity makes sales that are connected with Australia. Australian Business Register (ABR) The data store containing details about businesses and organisations that have registered for an Australian Business Number. More information can be found on the ABR website. Broad industry The broadest grouping of industries within the Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC), also referred to as industry division. There are 19 mutually exclusive industry divisions, which provide a broad overall picture of the economy. See also: Fine industry; Industry; Industry Division; Industry Subdivision. Business Longitudinal Analytical Data Environment (BLADE) Combines business tax data and information from ABS surveys with data about the use of government programs. Business Longitudinal Analytical Data Environment contains data on all active businesses from 2001-02 to 2015-16, sourced from:
Commonwealth electoral division An Australian Electoral Commission (AEC) electoral division is an area legally prescribed for the purpose of returning one member to the House of Representatives, Australia's Federal Lower House of Parliament. The ABS approximates the AEC electoral boundaries using the Australian Statistical Geographic Standard (ASGS) boundaries for Statistical Area Level 1 (SA1). See also: Geography; Local Government Areas; State electoral division; Statistical area level 2-4. Concurrent job A job that has an overlap with another job held by the same person, with the overlap being more than 31 days. See also: Job; First concurrent job; Multiple job holders; Second concurrent job. Contributing family workers Persons who work without pay in an economic enterprise operated by a relative. Contributing family worker jobs are not included in this publication. Demography Statistical characteristics describing persons and structures of a population, such as age and sex. Duration adjusted employee income A supplementary view of employee income per job that accounts for the length of time an employee job was held. Duration adjusted income divides regular payments by the number of days the job was held, and then multiplies this figure by the number of days in the reference year. Jobs held for 1 day are excluded, as are any jobs where duration of job cannot be calculated. See also: Duration of job; Employee income; Job. Duration of job The number of days a job was held during the financial year. This is calculated by subtracting the start date of a job from the end date. Duration cannot be determined for owner manager of unincorporated enterprise jobs of for employee jobs where start and end dates are unavailable or of insufficient accuracy. See also: Duration adjusted employee income; Employee income; Job. Employed person Any person with one or more job. Employed persons in this publication can be employees, owner managers of unincorporated enterprises, or both. Employed persons are persons who have employment income in the reference year, excluding those whose employment income is made up entirely of an employment termination payment. Employed persons have one or more jobs on the job file. Employee Persons who work for a private or public sector employer and receive pay in the reference period in the form of wages or salaries, a commission while also receiving a retainer, tips, piece rates or payments in kind. In this publication, persons who operated their own incorporated enterprises are also included as employees. Employee income Employee income received for each job in the financial year. Employee income is a component of Employment income. Employee income is available in two variants:
See also: Income; Job. Employee job A job for which the occupant receives remuneration in wages, salary, payment in kind, or piece rates. This excludes self-employment jobs held by owner mangers of unincorporated enterprises. Employer An organisation with an Australian Business Number that provides employment income to one or more people. Employer file Part of the linked employer-employee dataset, which lists all organisations with an active Goods and Services Tax role identified in the reference year, as listed in the Business Longitudinal Analytical Data Environment; supplemented with a list of unincorporated enterprises identified as generating self-employment income in the personal income tax dataset. Employment income All income received in the financial year from employment. Employment income is a summation of Employee income and Own unincorporated business income. Employment income is a component of Total income. Data items comprising Employment income are listed in Table 3 of the Explanatory Notes. Employment income is available in two variants:
See also: Employee income; Non-employment income; Own unincorporated business income, Total income. Employment size The closing stock headcount derived from business activity statements, as presented in the Business Longitudinal Analytical Data Environment. Employing businesses and organisations are categorised as having:
The employment sizes are not actual counts of linked employed persons in the underlying data, and cannot be compared to these counts. This is because the number of linked employed persons in the underlying data is a measure for the entire reference year, and not the closing stock. End date See: Start and end dates. Enterprise group (EG) A statistical unit that includes all the Australian operations of one or more legal entities under common ownership and/or control. Multiple legal entities can operate within a single enterprise group, and each enterprise group is broken up into one or more types of activity units. Fine industry Fine level industry breakdowns, referred to as subdivisions, groups and classes in the Australia and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC). Fine industry is designed to support detailed industry analysis. See also: Broad industry; Industry; Industry Division; Industry Subdivision. First concurrent job The job with the highest employment income that is held concurrently with another job. The first concurrent job may also be the main job. See also: Job; Multiple job holders; Second concurrent job. Geography All geographic information is based on a person’s home address as reported on their Individual Tax Return form or a Pay As You Go payment summary. Any geography associated with a job is the residence of the employee and not the location of the business. Addresses are coded to the Australian Statistical Geography Standard, which details the Main statistical area structures, greater capital city statistical areas, State and Territory, Local government areas, State electoral division and Commonwealth electoral divisions. For more information on statistical areas, see the Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS): Volume 1 – Main Structure and Greater Capital City Statistical Areas (cat. no. 1270.0.55.001). For more information on other structures, see the Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS): Volume 3 - Non-ABS Structures (cat. no. 1270.0.55.003). See also: Commonwealth electoral divisions; Greater capital city statistical area; Local Government Areas; State electoral division; Statistical area level 2-4. Goods and Services Tax (GST) A tax on most goods, services and other items sold or consumed in Australia. Most business entities are required to register for a Goods and Services Tax role with the Australian Taxation Office and report on GST collected and paid. An entity is said to have a GST role if it has registered for GST. The ABS defines the role as active if the business has provided remittances to the ATO within the past five quarters (or three years for annual remitters), otherwise the role is inactive. Greater capital city statistical area (GCCSA) Greater capital city statistical areas are designed to represent the functional extent of each of the eight State and Territory capital cities. They include the people who regularly socialise, shop or work within the city, but live in the small towns and rural areas surrounding the city. GCCSAs are not bound by a minimum population size criterion. GCCSAs are built from Statistical area level 4s (SA4s). Income Income recorded on an Individual Tax Return or a Pay and You Go payment summary. Income items are exclusive of deductions and taxation. Income items are consistent with the definition of employment income described in Standards for Income Variables (cat. no. 1287.0). Income is available in a number of items: Employee income; Employment income; Investment income; Non-employment income; Own unincorporated business income; Superannuation and annuities income; Total income. Individual Tax Return (ITR) The annual tax return submitted by individuals to the Australian Taxation Office. Industry A homogenous grouping of economic activities undertaken to produce goods and services. The Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (cat. no. 1292.0) is used to classify an entity to an industry based on its dominant activity. See also: Broad industry; Fine industry; Industry Division; Industry Subdivision. Industry division The broadest grouping of industries within the Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification. The main purpose of the industry division level is to provide a limited number of categories, which give a broad overall picture of the economy. There are 19 mutually exclusive divisions. See also: Broad industry; Fine industry; Industry; Industry Subdivision. Industry subdivision The second broadest grouping of industries within the Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification. Industry subdivisions are built up from industry groups which, in turn, are built up from industry classes. See also: Broad industry; Fine industry; Industry; Industry Division. Institutional sector Institutional sector of each employing business. This aligns with the Standard Institutional Sector Classification of Australia outlined in Standard Economic Sector Classifications of Australia (cat. no. 1218.0). Investment income Income received as a result of ownership of assets. It comprises returns from financial assets (interest, dividends), and from non-financial assets (rent). Investment income is a component of Non-employment income. See also: Income; Non-employment income. Job A relationship between an employed person and their employing enterprise. This can be a relationship between an employee and an employer (an employee job) or between an owner manager of an unincorporated enterprise and their own enterprise (a self-employment job). A person can have a number of jobs throughout the year, and only some jobs will be held concurrently with others. Similarly, a business can have many job relationships throughout the year, and only some of these will be held concurrently. Job duration See: Duration of job. Job file Part of the linked employer-employee dataset, which lists all jobs identified in the reference year. Job type Identifies the type of job. In this dataset jobs may be either employee jobs (including owner manager of incorporated enterprise (OMIE) jobs), owner managers of unincorporated enterprise (OMUE) jobs, or both. Job type is aggregated across all jobs to form the Status in employment variable. See also: Employed person; Employee; Job; Owner manager of unincorporated enterprise; Owner manager of unincorporated enterprise; Status in employment. Labour force The Labour Force, also referred to as the current economically active population, is the aggregate of employed and unemployed persons. This gives a measure of the number of people contributing to, or actively looking and immediately available for, the supply of labour at a point in time. Legal entity (LE) A unit in the ABS economic units model, and usually relates to an Australian Business Number. In this publication, the legal entity is used to represent employers in the non-profiled population. Linked employer-employee dataset (LEED) A linked employer-employee dataset is any dataset that integrates information about employers and their employees. The LEED used to compile this publication includes cross-sectional employer, person and job files that integrate personal income tax data with employer information from the Business Longitudinal Analytical Data Environment. Local Government Area (LGA) Local Government Areas are spatial units which represent the geographical areas of incorporated local government councils. LGAs are an ABS approximation of gazetted local government boundaries as defined by each State and Territory Local Government Department. The ABS approximates the officially defined boundaries with aggregations of Mesh Blocks. LGAs cover incorporated areas of Australia only. Incorporated areas are legally designated parts of a State or Territory over which incorporated local governing bodies have responsibility. The major areas of Australia not administered by incorporated bodies are the northern parts of South Australia, all of the Australian Capital Territory and the Other Territories. These regions are identified as ‘Unincorporated’ in the ASGS Local Government Areas structure. See also: Commonwealth electoral divisions; Geography; State electoral division; Statistical area level 2-4. Main job The main source of employment income for an employed person. This definition differs from other ABS publications such as Labour Force, Australia, and Australian Labour Account, which define the main job as the job in which a person usually works the most hours. An employed person can only have one main job. Maximum concurrent jobs The highest number of jobs held by a person at any one point in time. It may be different to the total jobs held during the reference year. Median employment income per job A mid-point measure of the employment income received as a result of a single job. Median employment income per person A mid-point measure of the sum of employment income received as a result of all jobs held by a person. Microdata Microdata are the most detailed information available and are generally individual data items from the original source or are constructed from the combination of some of the gathered variables. Multiple job holder An employee with two or more concurrent employee jobs at any point during the financial year. Owner manager of unincorporated enterprise jobs are excluded due to the inability to determine the start and end dates of these jobs. See also: First concurrent job; Second concurrent job. Non-employment income Any income received in the financial year from sources other than employment. Non-employment income is a summation of Investment income, Superannuation and annuities income, and Other income. Non-employment income is a component of Total income. See also: Income; Investment income; Superannuation and annuities income; Other income. Non-profiled population Businesses and organisations in the non-profiled population have simple structures and the Australian Business Number (ABN) unit is suitable for statistical purposes. For the non-profiled population, one ABN unit equates to one employer and can be profiled as a single entity without different types of activity units. Most employers are in this group. See also: Profiled population. Not published (np) Statistic is not able to be published. This can be to protect the confidentiality of data providers or to prevent misinterpretation of statistics due to poor quality. Occupation in main job A collection of jobs that are sufficiently similar in their title and tasks, skill level and skill specialisation, which are grouped together for the purposes of classification. Occupation refers to Major Group as defined by the Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations (cat. no. 1220.0) of the job which the employed person identifies as their main wage or salary job. See also: Skill level. Other income Income other than employee income, own unincorporated business income, investment income and superannuation income. This includes other current receipts from sources such as child support, royalties, workers' compensation and scholarships. Other income is a component of Non-employment income. See also: Income; Non-employment income. Owner-manager of incorporated enterprise (OMIE) People who work in their own incorporated enterprise, which is a business entity registered as a separate legal entity to its members or owners (may also be known as a limited liability company). In this publication, OMIEs are included in counts of employees. Incorporated enterprises are further defined in the Standard Economic Sector Classifications of Australia (cat. no. 1218.0). Owner-manager of unincorporated enterprise (OMUE) A person who operates their own unincorporated enterprise, which does not possess a separate legal identity to that of its owner(s), or engages independently in a profession or trade. OMUEs can also be referred to as self-employed. The employed population is made up of OMUEs and employees (including owner managers of incorporated enterprises). Unincorporated enterprises are further defined in the Standard Economic Sector Classifications of Australia (cat. no. 1218.0). Own unincorporated business income Income from self-employment received in the financial year. Own unincorporated business income is a component of Employment income. Own unincorporated business income is available in two variants:
See also: Employment income; Income. Pay As You Go (PAYG) payment summary The annual summary provided by an employer to the Australian Taxation Office with respect to an employee, as part of the Pay As You Go taxation system. It records job level information reported by employers about the payments made to an employee, tax withheld, and the start and end dates for each job. Person file Part of the linked employer-employee dataset, which lists all persons who submitted an Individual Tax Return or who were provided with an individual Pay As You Go payment summary in relation to the reference year. Profiled population Businesses and organisations in the profiled population have large, complex structures that are not suitable for statistical purposes at the Australian Business Number level. These organisations include one or more legal entity that form an enterprise group. The enterprise group is divided up into types of activity unit which form the unit of analysis in the profiled population. See also: Non-profiled population. Reference year The specific reference period (a financial year) for a statistic. Second concurrent job The job with the highest employment income that is held concurrently with the first concurrent job. Other concurrent jobs not held concurrently with the first concurrent job may have higher employment income. See also: Job; First concurrent job; Multiple job holders. Secondary job Any job held by an employed person, other than their main job. A person can have multiple secondary jobs. Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas is a product developed by the ABS that ranks areas in Australia according to relative socio-economic advantage and disadvantage. The indexes are based on information from the five-yearly Census. Self-employment job A job that is held by an owner manager of an unincorporated enterprise as a result of the relationship between the owner manager and their own enterprise. Due to data limitations a person can only hold one self-employment job. Sex The self-reported sex of a person as recorded by the Australian Taxation Office. Binary coding to female and not female is undertaken for privacy and confidentiality purposes. Skill level In the Australian and New Zealand Standard Classifications of Occupations (cat. no. 1220.0), skill level is defined as a function of the range and complexity of the set of tasks performed in a particular occupation. The greater the range and complexity of the set of tasks, the greater the skill level of the occupation with skill level 1 being the highest skill level. Skill level specifies the requirements for competent performance of occupations in the group, expressed in terms of the amount of formal education and training, previous experience and on-the-job training. Any special requirements, such as registration or licensing, are indicated in this statement. The skill level number equates to the ANZSCO skill level of the occupation. See also: Occupation in main job. Start and end dates Start and end dates associated with each job as reported on individual payments summaries. These are in reference to the financial year only and do not necessarily reflect when a job was actually started or ended. For example, a job with a start date of 01 July 2015 may have been held before this date and a job with an end date of 30 June 2016 may be held after this date. State electoral division A state electoral district is an area legally prescribed for the purpose of returning one or more members to the State or Territory Lower Houses of Parliament, or the relevant equivalent. State electoral divisions are an ABS approximation of the respective State and Territory Electoral Commission's state electoral districts. See also: Commonwealth electoral divisions; Geography; Local government area; Statistical area level 2-4. Statistical area level 2 (SA2) The smallest geographical region used in the Jobs in Australia publication. SA2s are intended to represent a community that interacts together socially and economically. They are generally designed to be within the population range 3,000 to 25,000 persons, and on average have a population of approximately 10,000 persons. Statistical area level 3 (SA3) Geographical areas built from whole SA2s, which are designed for statistical output purposes and to provide a regional breakdown of Australia. SA3s create a standard framework for the analysis of ABS data at the regional level that have similar regional characteristics, administrative boundaries or labour markets. They generally have populations between 30,000 and 130,000 persons. Statistical area level 4 (SA4) Geographical areas built from whole SA3s, which are specifically designed to reflect labour markets within each state and territory. In regional areas, SA4s tend to have lower populations (100,000 to 300,000), while in metropolitan areas, they tend to have larger populations (300,000 to 500,000). Status in employment Identifies the types of jobs an employed person held throughout the reference period. In this dataset employed persons may be either employees (including owner manager of incorporated enterprises (OMIEs)), owner managers of unincorporated enterprises (OMUEs), or both. See also: Employed person; Employee; Job type; Owner manager of unincorporated enterprise; Owner manager of unincorporated enterprise. Superannuation and annuities income Superannuation is a long-term savings arrangement which operates primarily to provide income for retirement. Superannuation contributions from an employer are a form of employee entitlement and are therefore considered a form of income. Annuities are guaranteed regular and recurring receipts, generally from an insurance company, the right to which was purchased with a lump sum or regular contributions at some point in the past. Superannuation and annuities income is a component of Non-employment income. See also: Income; Non-employment income. Total jobs held during the year The total number of jobs held by a person during the financial year. This includes jobs that were held concurrently and those that were not. Type of Activity Unit (TAU) The statistical unit for more significant and diverse businesses in the profiled population. A TAU is a constructed unit that can practically group and report on homogenous production activities at the industry sub-division level. In this publication, the TAU is used to represent employers in the profiled population. See also: Non-profiled population; Profiled population. Type of Legal Organisation (TOLO) All legal entities on the ABS Business Register are classified according to their type of legal organisation, of which there are three types:
The type of legal organisation indicates whether a business is part of the private or public sector and the type of ownership structure. For more information see the Standard Economic Sector Classifications of Australia (cat. no. 1218.0). Document Selection These documents will be presented in a new window.
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