4130.0 - Housing Occupancy and Costs, 2011-12
ARCHIVED ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 28/08/2013
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GLOSSARY
The CNOS compares the number of bedrooms required with the actual number of bedrooms in the dwelling. Capital city Refers to Australia's six state capital city Statistical Divisions and the Darwin Statistical Division as defined in the Australian Standard Geographical Classification (ASGC) (cat. no. 1216.0). For the Australian Capital Territory the estimates relate predominantly to urban areas, and all of the Australia Capital Territory is defined as capital city for this publication. Changeover buyer A household which bought their dwelling in the three years prior to being interviewed, and either the reference person or partner had owned or been purchasing a home previously. Collection district The Census Collection District (CD) is the smallest geographic area defined in the Australian Standard Geographical Classification (ASGC) (cat. no. 1216.0). Commonwealth Rent Assistance Commonwealth Rent Assistance (CRA) is a non-taxable income supplement paid through Centrelink to individuals and families who rent in the private rental market. It is only paid to recipients of another Government benefit or pension, and is paid in conjunction with that other benefit. Consumer Price Index (CPI) A general measure of price inflation for the household sector in Australia. Specifically, it provides a measure of changes, over time, in the cost of a constant basket of goods and services acquired by the capital city households in Australia. Couple See One family households. Couple family with dependent children See One family households. Deciles Groupings that result from ranking all households or people in the population in ascending order according to some characteristic, such as their household income, and then dividing the population into 10 equal groups, each comprising 10% of the estimated population. Dependent children All persons aged under 15 years; and persons aged 15-24 years who are full-time students, have a parent in the household and do not have a partner or child of their own in the household. Disposable income Gross income less income tax, the Medicare levy and the Medicare levy surcharge i.e. remaining income after taxes are deducted, which is available to support consumption and/or saving. Income tax, Medicare levy and the Medicare levy surcharge are imputed based on each person's income and other characteristics as reported in the survey. Disposable income is sometimes referred to as net income. Dwelling Defined as a suite of rooms contained within a building which are self-contained and intended for long-term residential use. To be self-contained the suite of rooms must possess cooking and bathing facilities as building fixtures. See also Dwelling structure. Dwelling structure The dwelling structure type is determined by the structure of the building that contains the dwelling. Households belong to one of four dwelling categories:
Employed Persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week before the interview:
Employee An employed person who, for most of his/her working hours:
Employer A person who operates his or her own unincorporated business or engages independently in a profession or trade, and hires one or more employees. Equity in the dwelling A household's equity in the dwelling is the difference between the value of the dwelling and the total amount outstanding on mortgages taken out on the dwelling for any purpose, or unsecured loans taken out for housing purposes. From 2003-04 excludes amounts of loans for business and investment purposes secured against the dwelling. Equivalised disposable household income Disposable household income adjusted using an equivalence scale. For a lone person household it is equal to disposable household income. For a household comprising more than one person, it is an indicator of the disposable household income that would need to be received by a lone person household to enjoy the same level of economic wellbeing as the household in question. For further information see Appendix 3 in Household Income and Income Distribution, Australia, 2011-12 (cat.no. 6523.0). Family Two or more people, one of whom is at least 15 years of age, who are related by blood, marriage (registered or de facto), adoption, step or fostering, and who usually live in the same household. A separate family is formed for each married couple, or for each set of parent-child relationships where only one parent is present. Family composition of household Classifies households into three broad groupings based on the number of families present (one family, multiple family and non-family). One family households are further disaggregated according to the type of family (such as couple family or one parent family) and according to whether or not dependent children are present. Non-family households are disaggregated into lone person households and group households. First home buyer A household that bought its dwelling in the three years prior to being interviewed, in which neither the reference person nor his/her co-resident partner had owned or been purchasing a home previously. First Home Owners Grant The First Home Owners Grant is a scheme established by the Australian Government to provide financial assistance to eligible first home buyers. Its value has varied over time as government policy has changed. Flat, unit or apartment Includes all self-contained dwellings in blocks of flats, units or apartments. These dwellings do not have their own private grounds and usually share a common entrance foyer or stairwell. This category includes houses converted into flats and flats attached to houses such as granny flats. A house with a granny flat attached is regarded as a separate house. Full-time student A person 15 years or over who is classified as a full-time student by the institution they attend, or considers himself/herself to be a full-time student. Full-time study does not preclude employment. Government pensions and allowances Income support payments from government to persons under social security and related government programs. Included are pensions and allowances received by aged, disabled, unemployed and sick persons, families and children, veterans or their survivors, and study allowances for students. All overseas pensions and benefits are included here, although some may not be paid by overseas governments. The one-off payment to carers and to older Australians paid in 2006-07 and 2007-08 are included. Family Tax Benefit, Baby Bonus (formerly known as Maternity Payment) and Child Disability Assistance Payment paid to recipients of Carer Allowance are also included in government pensions and allowances. Gross income Income from all sources, whether monetary or in kind, before income tax or the Medicare levy are deducted. Group household See Non-family households. Household A person living alone or a group of related or unrelated people who usually live in the same private dwelling. Housing costs Housing costs for the purpose of this publication comprise:
Housing costs as a proportion of income The total weekly housing costs of a group (e.g. one parent households) are divided by the total weekly income of that group expressed as a percentage. Households with nil or negative total income are not included in this calculation. Housing utilisation Provides a measure of the bedroom requirements of a household according to household size and composition. See also Canadian National Occupancy Standard. Income Income consists of all current receipts, whether monetary or in kind, that are received by the household or by individual members of the household, and which are available for, or intended to support, current consumption. Income includes receipts from:
Gross income is the sum of the income from all these sources before income tax, the Medicare levy and the Medicare levy surcharge are deducted. Other measures of income are Disposable income and Equivalised disposable income. Note that child support and other transfers from other households are not deducted from the incomes of the households making the transfers. See also Gross income, Disposable income and Equivalised disposable household income. Income unit One person or a group of related persons within a household, whose command over income is assumed to be shared. Income sharing is assumed to take place within married (registered or de facto) couples, and between parents and dependent children. Incorporated business An incorporated business is a company that has a registered business name with the Australian Securities and Investment Commission (ASIC) and a legal status which is separate to that of the individual owners of the business. Landlord type For renters, the type of entity to whom rent is paid or with whom the tenure contract or arrangement is made. Renters are classified to one of the following categories:
Life tenure A lease arrangement in which the tenant has the right to occupy the dwelling for an indefinite or unspecified period. Lone person household See Non-family households. Lower income households For the purpose of this publication, lower income households are defined as those containing the 30% of people with equivalised disposable household income between the 10th and 40th percentiles. Main source of income That source from which the most positive income is received. If total income is nil or negative the main source is undefined. As there are several possible sources, the main source may account for less than 50% of gross income. Mean housing costs The total weekly housing costs paid by a group of households (e.g. couple only households) divided by the number of households in that group. Mean income The total income received by a group of units divided by the number of units in the group. Median housing costs That level of weekly housing costs that divides a group of households into two equal parts, one half having housing costs above the median and the other half having housing costs below the median. Median ratio of housing costs to income The ratio of weekly housing costs to gross weekly income is calculated for each household. The median is the level of that ratio that divides a group of households into two equal parts, one half having the ratio above the median and the other half having the ratio below the median. Households with nil or negative total income are not included in this calculation. Medicare levy Medicare is Australia's universal health care system. The Medicare levy is a specific tax, based on individual income, intended to assist in the funding of this system. Mortgage A mortgage is a loan taken out using the usual residence as security. An owner with a mortgage must still owe money from such a loan. Multiple family household A household containing two or more families. Unrelated individuals may also be present. Negative income Income may be negative when a loss accrues to a household as an owner or partner in unincorporated businesses, rental properties, or other investment income. Losses occur when operating expenses and depreciation are greater than gross receipts. New dwelling A dwelling is new if it was built under contract for the current owner, or was purchased from the builder/developer, and the current owners were the first household to live in the dwelling. Non-dependent children Persons aged 15 years and over who:
Non-family households Households that consist of unrelated persons only. Non-family households are classified to one of the following categories:
Not in the labour force Persons not in the categories of employed or unemployed as defined. One family households One family households are classified to one of the following categories:
One parent family with dependent children See One family households. Other dwelling Includes caravans, houseboats, or houses or flats attached to a shop or other commercial premise. Other income Income other than wages and salaries, own unincorporated business or partnership income and government pensions and allowances. This includes income received as a result of ownership of financial assets (interest, dividends), and of non-financial assets (rent, royalties), and other regular receipts from sources such as superannuation, child support, workers' compensation and scholarships. Income from rent is net of operating expenses and depreciation and is negative if these are greater than gross receipts. Other landlord type Where the unit (i.e. household, income unit or person, where applicable) pays rent to the owner/manager of a caravan park, an employer (including a government authority), a housing cooperative, a community or church group, or any other body not included elsewhere. Other one family household See One family households. Other source of deposit Other sources of deposit include state/territory government grants, contributions from employers, loans from informal sources that are not family or friends, other loans, sale of car or other assets, and inheritance. Other source of monetary assistance Other sources of monetary assistance include state/territory government grants, contributions from employers, sale of car or other assets, and inheritance. Other tenure type A unit (i.e. household, income unit or person, where applicable) which is not an owner (with or without a mortgage), or a renter. Includes rent free, life tenure, rent/buy and shared equity schemes. Outright owner Refer to Owner (of dwelling). Own unincorporated business income The profit/loss that accrues to persons as owners of, or partners in, unincorporated businesses. Profit/loss consists of the value of gross output of the business after the deduction of operating expenses (including depreciation). Losses occur when operating expenses are greater than gross receipts and are treated as negative income. Owner (of dwelling) A household in which at least one member owns the dwelling in which the household members usually reside. Owners are divided into two categories - owners without a mortgage and owners with a mortgage. If there is any outstanding mortgage or loan secured against the dwelling the household is an owner with a mortgage. If there is no mortgage or loan secured against the dwelling the household is an owner without a mortgage. Previous dwelling The dwelling that a person inhabited immediately prior to the dwelling that they currently inhabit. Private renter A unit (i.e. household, income unit or person, where applicable) paying rent to a landlord who is a real estate agent, a parent or other relative not in the same household or another person not in the same household. Property All residential and non-residential properties owned by persons in the household, excluding properties owned by the respondent's business. Public renter A unit (i.e. household, income unit or person, where applicable) paying rent to a state or territory housing authority/trust. Quintiles Groupings that result from ranking all households or people in the population in ascending order according to some characteristic, such as their household income, and then dividing the population into five equal groups, each comprising 20% of the estimated population. In this publication the quintiles are formed by ranking people by their equivalised disposable household income. Recent home buyer A household that bought its dwelling in the three years prior to being interviewed. Reference person The reference person for each household is chosen by applying, to all household members aged 15 years and over, the selection criteria below, in the order listed, until a single appropriate reference person is identified:
Relative standard error (RSE) The standard error expressed as a percentage of the estimate for which it was calculated. It is a measure which is independent of both the size of the sample and the unit of measurement, and as a result can be used to compare the reliability of different estimates. The smaller an estimate's RSE, the more likely it is that the estimate is a good proxy for that which would have been obtained if the whole population had been surveyed. For further information see Appendix 2. Rent free Rent free is a tenure arrangement where the unit (i.e. household, income unit or person) exchanges no money for lodging and is not an owner of the dwelling. Renter A unit (person, income unit or household) that pays rent to reside in the dwelling. See further classification by Landlord type. Salary sacrifice An arrangement under which an employee agrees contractually to forgo part of their remuneration, which the employee would otherwise receive as wages and salaries, in return for the employer or someone associated with the employer providing benefits of a similar value. Selected dwelling The private dwelling selected in the sample for the survey. See the Explanatory Notes for details of types of dwellings and how they are selected for this survey. Semi-detached, row or terrace house or townhouse A dwelling with its own private grounds and no dwelling above or below. A key feature of this dwelling is that it is either attached in some structural way to one or more dwellings or is separated from neighbouring dwellings by less than one-half metre. Examples include semi-detached, row or terrace houses, townhouses or villa units. Multistorey townhouses or units are separately identified from those which are single storey. Separate house A dwelling which is self-contained and separated from other houses (or other buildings or structures) by a space to allow access on all sides (at least one-half metre). This category also includes houses that have an attached flat (e.g. a granny flat). The attached flat will be included in the flat, unit or apartment category. Standard error A measure of the likely difference between estimates obtained in a sample survey and estimates which would have been obtained if the whole population had been surveyed. The magnitude of the standard error associated with any survey is a function of sample design, sample size and population variability. For further information see Appendix 2. State/territory government concessions and exemptions Any exemption or concession for first home buyers on stamp (transfer) duty and/or mortgage duty payable to a state or territory government. All jurisdictions offered exemptions and/or concessions on stamp duty and/or mortgage duty to first home buyers in the survey period, normally subject to property value and income thresholds. State/territory government grants Any monetary grant paid to eligible first home buyers that is in addition to the First Home Owner Grant and introduced by a state or territory government. Some jurisdictions offered grants to first home buyers in the survey period. Statistical division The largest spatial unit within each state/territory in the main structure of the Australian Standard Geographical Classification (ASGC) (cat. no. 1216.0). Tenure type The nature of a unit's (i.e. household's, income unit's or person's, where applicable) legal right to occupy the dwelling in which they usually reside. Tenure is determined according to whether the unit owns the dwelling outright, owns the dwelling but has a mortgage or loan secured against it, is paying rent to live in the dwelling or has some other arrangement to occupy the dwelling. Unemployed Persons aged 15 years and over who were not employed during the week before the interview and had actively looked for full-time or part-time work at any time in the four weeks before the interview and:
Unincorporated business A business in which the owner(s) and the business are the same legal entity, so that, for example, the owner(s) are personally liable for any business debts that are incurred. Value of dwelling The estimated value of the dwelling and its land, as estimated and reported by the respondent. The data are only collected for owners. Wages and salaries An employee's total remuneration, whether monetary or in kind, received as a return to labour from an employer or from a person's own incorporated business. It comprises wages and salaries, bonuses, amounts salary sacrificed, non-cash benefits such as the use of motor vehicles and subsidised housing, and termination payments. Document Selection These documents will be presented in a new window.
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