4102.0 - Australian Social Trends, 1994  
ARCHIVED ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 27/05/1994   
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Health


HEALTH STATUS

Life expectancy at birth

Reference year
Infant mortality rate(a)
Reference year
Males
Females
Country
no.
years
years

Australia
1992
7.0
1990
73.0
79.4
Canada
1991
6.8
1990
73.4
80.2
China
1985-90
32.0
1990
68.0
70.9
France
1991
7.2
1990
72.0
80.3
Greece
1990
9.7
1990
74.2
79.4
Hong Kong
1990
6.1
1990
74.3
79.8
Indonesia
1985-90
75.0
1990
58.5
62.0
Italy
1990
8.5
1990
73.1
79.6
Japan
1991
4.4
1990
75.4
81.2
Korea (Republic of)
1985-90
25.0
1990
66.2
72.5
Malaysia
1990
13.3
1990
67.5
71.6
New Zealand
1991
8.3
1990
71.7
77.9
Papua New Guinea
1985-90
59.0
1990
53.2
54.7
Singapore
1991
5.5
1990
70.8
76.4
Sweden
1991
3.8
1990
74.3
80.3
United Kingdom
1991
7.4
1990
72.3
77.9
United States of America
1991
8.9
1990
71.6
78.5
Viet Nam
1985-90
64.0
1990
60.6
64.8

(a) Per 1,000 live births.

Source: United Nations (1992) 1991 Demographic Yearbook; United Nations (1993) Statistical Yearbook 1990/91

STANDARDISED DEATH RATES(a) FOR SELECTED CAUSES OF DEATH

Reference year
Malignant neoplasms (cancer)
Ischaemic heart disease
Cerebro-
vascular disease (stroke)
Motor vehicle traffic accidents
Suicide and self-inflicted injury(b)
All causes
Country
no.
no.
no.
no.
no.
no.

Australia
1988
112.9
110.2
41
17.8
11.5
457.2
Canada
1990
118.3
87.9
26.4
13.1
10.9
424.3
China
. .
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
France
1990
118.1
34.2
29.4
16.5
14.4
414.7
Greece
1990
93.6
53.6
69.9
19.7
2.6
432.5
Hong Kong
. .
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
Indonesia
. .
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
Italy
1989
120.7
53.1
50.1
12.8
5.1
437.2
Japan
1991
94.6
19.6
45.1
9.8
11.0
349.0
Korea (Republic of)
. .
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
Malaysia
. .
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
New Zealand
1989
128.1
122.7
43.5
22.2
12.6
513.1
Papua New Guinea
. .
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
Singapore
1990
118.2
99.3
63.4
8.5
11.8
521.0
Sweden
1989
96.5
101.2
35.3
9.1
14.2
411.4
United Kingdom
1991
128.1
118.6
47.5
8.3
6.4
476.5
United States of America
1989
115.2
98.0
27.2
17.9
10.2
490.0
Viet Nam
. .
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.

(a) Standardised death rates are the overall death rates per 100,000 population that would have prevailed in a standard population if it had experienced at each age the death rates of the population being studied. The standard population used in this table is the World Health Organisation new world standard population. Standardised death rates for Australia presented in the Health chapter of this publication or elsewhere in ABS publications are not comparable due the use of a different standard population and different reference periods.

(b) It is generally acknowledged that suicides are under-reported as a cause of death. The degree of under-reporting varies from country to country, partly for social and cultural reasons, but also because of differences in legal requirements and administrative procedures in arriving at a verdict of suicide.

Source: World Health Organisation (1993) World Health Statistics Annual 1992

HEALTH SERVICES AND EXPENDITURE

Reference year
Health expenditure as % of GDP
Health expenditure per capita at PPP(a)
Reference year
Doctors per 1,000 population
Reference year
Acute hospital beds per 1,000 population
Country
%
$US
no.
no.

Australia
1991
8.2
1,310
1991
2.3
1992
4.5
Canada
1991
10.0
1,915
1991
2.2
1989
5.0
China
. .
n.a.
n.a.
. .
n.a.
. .
n.a.
France
1991
9.1
1,650
1991
2.7
1990
5.2
Greece
1991
5.2
404
1990
3.4
. .
n.a.
Hong Kong
. .
n.a.
n.a.
. .
n.a.
. .
n.a.
Indonesia
. .
n.a.
n.a.
. .
n.a.
. .
n.a.
Italy
1991
8.3
1,408
1989
1.3
. .
n.a.
Japan
1991
6.6
1,267
1990
1.6
. .
n.a.
Korea (Republic of)
. .
n.a.
n.a.
. .
n.a.
. .
n.a.
Malaysia
. .
n.a.
n.a.
. .
n.a.
. .
n.a.
New Zealand
1991
7.6
1,050
1989
1.9
. .
n.a.
Papua New Guinea
. .
n.a.
n.a.
. .
n.a.
. .
n.a.
Singapore
. .
n.a.
n.a.
. .
n.a.
. .
n.a.
Sweden
1991
8.6
1,443
1991
2.9
1990
3.9
United Kingdom
1991
6.6
1,043
1990
1.4
1986
2.8
United States of America
1991
13.4
2,867
1990
2.3
1991
3.5
Viet Nam
. .
n.a.
n.a.
. .
n.a.
. .
n.a.

(a) PPP (purchasing power parities) are the rates of currency conversion which eliminate the differences in price levels between countries.

Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (1993) OECD Health Systems: facts and trends 1960-1991






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