6306.0 - Employee Earnings and Hours, Australia, May 2016  
ARCHIVED ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 19/01/2017   
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NON-MANAGERIAL EMPLOYEES

Data on hours paid for is available for all employees in the non-managerial population. This enables analysis and comparisons of hours paid for and hourly earnings across classifications of interest. For example, average weekly total cash earnings may be identical for two categories of employees, however employees in one category may be paid for fewer hours per week and receive higher average hourly earnings.

Key results by category

Non-managerial employees received average weekly total cash earnings of $1,149.40. They were paid for an average 31.0 hours per week at an average hourly total cash earnings rate of $37.00.
Permanent full-time non-managerial employees were paid for an average 39.2 hours per week at an average hourly total cash earnings rate of $39.40 and received $1,546.00 average weekly total cash earnings. These employees comprised 54.7% of all non-managerial employees.

Permanent part-time non-managerial employees comprised 20.7% of all non-managerial employees. They were paid for an average 23.2 hours per week at an average hourly total cash earnings rate of $33.40, resulting in average weekly total cash earnings of $776.10.

Casual non-managerial employees comprised 24.6% of all non-managerial employees. These employees were paid for an average 19.4 hours per week at an average hourly total cash earnings rate of $30.10 to receive average weekly total cash earnings of $582.70.

Permanent full-time males represented 32.3% of all non-managerial employees. They were paid for an average 40.2 hours per week at an hourly cash rate of $41.10 to receive average weekly total cash earnings of $1,651.40.

Permanent full-time females represented 22.4% of all non-managerial employees. These employees were paid for an average 37.8 hours per week at an hourly cash rate of $36.80 to receive $1,393.90 average weekly total cash earnings.

Graph Image for Average Weekly Total Cash Earnings, Combined employment type and status for non-managerial employees, May 2016


Occupation

Managers had the highest average hourly total cash earnings ($56.20), followed by Professionals ($50.40), of all non-managerial employees. Managers were, on average, paid for more total hours per week than Professionals (37.0 hours and 31.8 hours respectively). Managers received average weekly total cash earnings of $2,079.10 compared to $1,602.00 for Professionals.

Sales workers had the lowest average hourly total cash earnings ($26.30) and were paid for the lowest average total hours per week (24.6 hours). As a result they also received the lowest average weekly total cash earnings ($646.40) of all occupation groups.

Labourers had the second lowest average hourly total cash earnings ($27.80) and were paid for an average 29.3 hours per week. As a result, they received higher average weekly total cash earnings ($815.00) than Community and personal services workers ($775.90), who received higher average hourly total cash earnings ($30.90) but were paid for fewer average total hours (25.1 hours).

NON-MANAGERIAL EMPLOYEES, Average weekly total hours paid for, Average hourly total cash earnings and Average weekly total cash earnings - Occupation, May 2016

AVERAGE WEEKLY TOTAL
HOURS PAID FOR (hours)
AVERAGE HOURLY TOTAL
CASH EARNINGS ($)
AVERAGE WEEKLY TOTAL
CASH EARNINGS ($)

ESTIMATE

Managers
37.0
56.20
2 079.10
Professionals
31.8
50.40
1 602.00
Technicians and trades workers
37.6
35.70
1 344.20
Community and personal service workers
25.1
30.90
775.90
Clerical and administrative workers
31.5
33.00
1 039.00
Sales workers
24.6
26.30
646.40
Machinery operators and drivers
39.4
33.80
1 333.60
Labourers
29.3
27.80
815.00
All occupations
31.0
37.00
1 149.40

STANDARD ERROR

Managers
0.2
0.90
35.30
Professionals
0.3
0.50
18.80
Technicians and trades workers
0.3
0.50
20.70
Community and personal service workers
0.3
0.30
12.70
Clerical and administrative workers
0.2
0.20
10.80
Sales workers
0.5
0.30
19.50
Machinery operators and drivers
0.4
0.70
34.60
Labourers
0.5
0.30
17.10
All occupations
0.2
0.30
11.30



Industry

For all non-managerial employees, those in the Mining industry had the highest average hourly total cash earnings ($56.60) and average weekly total hours paid for (42.7 hours), resulting in the highest average weekly total cash earnings ($2,418.60).

Non-managerial employees in the Accommodation and food services had the lowest average hourly total cash earnings ($23.90) and average weekly total hours paid for (21.9 hours), resulting in the lowest average weekly total cash earnings ($523.10).


NON-MANAGERIAL EMPLOYEES, Average weekly total hours paid for, Average hourly total cash earnings and Average weekly total cash earnings - Industry, May 2016

AVERAGE WEEKLY TOTAL
HOURS PAID FOR (hours)
AVERAGE HOURLY TOTAL
CASH EARNINGS ($)
AVERAGE WEEKLY TOTAL
CASH EARNINGS ($)

ESTIMATE

Mining
42.7
56.60
2 418.60
Manufacturing
36.8
34.10
1 254.60
Electricity, gas, water and waste services
38.5
46.80
1 803.40
Construction
38.9
38.70
1 502.30
Wholesale trade
34.7
34.00
1 180.10
Retail trade
26.3
26.20
689.20
Accommodation and food services
21.9
23.90
523.10
Transport, postal and warehousing
38.6
36.30
1 401.90
Information media and telecommunications
33.5
45.50
1 523.30
Finance and insurance services
34.9
43.30
1 508.80
Rental, hiring and real estate services
32.9
32.70
1 078.80
Professional, scientific and technical services
33.6
43.50
1 462.10
Administrative and support services
30.7
33.00
1 011.90
Public administration and safety
33.7
41.70
1 405.10
Education and training
26.7
43.60
1 163.10
Health care and social assistance
28.3
39.80
1 126.10
Arts and recreation services
22.0
31.70
697.20
Other services
30.0
30.20
908.60
All industries
31.0
37.00
1 149.40

STANDARD ERROR

Mining
0.7
1.10
43.80
Manufacturing
0.4
1.70
65.90
Electricity, gas, water and waste services
0.2
0.70
27.40
Construction
0.5
1.10
41.60
Wholesale trade
0.6
0.80
34.20
Retail trade
0.5
0.30
19.00
Accommodation and food services
1.0
0.50
30.40
Transport, postal and warehousing
0.7
0.60
27.70
Information media and telecommunications
0.3
0.80
30.80
Finance and insurance services
0.3
0.90
34.70
Rental, hiring and real estate services
0.7
0.90
40.40
Professional, scientific and technical services
0.5
0.80
39.40
Administrative and support services
0.7
0.80
33.90
Public administration and safety
0.3
0.30
19.50
Education and training
0.5
0.40
23.40
Health care and social assistance
0.2
0.70
23.30
Arts and recreation services
0.8
0.70
33.10
Other services
0.8
0.80
37.90
All industries
0.2
0.30
11.30

np not available for publication but included in totals where applicable, unless otherwise indicated


Methods of setting pay

Amongst non-managerial employees, the most common method of setting pay was Collective agreement (38.9%). Employees paid by Collective agreement had the highest average hourly total cash earnings ($39.60), and were paid for an average 30.7 total hours per week. As a result these employees received average weekly total cash earnings of $1,215.20.

Employees paid by Individual arrangement accounted for 36.6% of non-managerial employees and received the highest average weekly total cash earnings of $1,311.60. They were paid for the highest average hours per week (34.0 hours) at an average hourly total cash rate of $38.50.

Employees paid by Award only had the lowest average hourly total cash earnings ($29.60), were paid for the lowest average total hours per week (27.1 hours) and received the lowest average weekly total cash earnings ($802.80). The employees accounted for 24.5% of all non-managerial employees.

NON-MANAGERIAL EMPLOYEES, Average weekly total hours paid for, Average hourly total cash earnings and Average weekly total cash earnings - Method of setting pay, May 2016 (a)

AVERAGE WEEKLY TOTAL
HOURS PAID FOR (hours)
AVERAGE HOURLY TOTAL
CASH EARNINGS ($)
AVERAGE WEEKLY TOTAL
CASH EARNINGS ($)

ESTIMATE

Award only
27.1
29.60
802.80
Collective agreement(b)
30.7
39.60
1 215.20
Individual arrangement(c)
34.0
38.50
1 311.60
All methods of setting pay
31.0
37.00
1 149.40

STANDARD ERROR

Award only
0.3
0.20
11.20
Collective agreement(b)
0.3
0.40
19.50
Individual arrangement(c)
0.3
0.40
17.90
All methods of setting pay
0.2
0.30
11.30

(a) The non-managerial employee population does not include owner managers of incorporated enterprises.
(b) Includes registered and unregistered collective agreements.
(c) Includes registered and unregistered individual arrangements.


For permanent full-time non-managerial employees, the most common method of setting pay was Individual arrangement (46.2%). Most permanent part-time non-managerial employees were paid by Collective agreement (54.0%). For casual non-managerial employees, Award only (44.8%) was the most common method of setting pay.

The highest average hourly total cash earnings received by non-managerial employees were paid to permanent full-time males under a Collective agreement ($44.40). They were also paid for the highest average weekly total hours (40.6 hours), resulting in the highest average weekly total cash earnings ($1,805.10).

For non-managerial employees, the most common method of setting pay was Individual arrangement (42.4%) for males, and Collective agreement (39.8%) for females.

Graph Image for Methods of Setting Pay, Non managerial employees, May 2016


Average weekly total cash earnings for non-managerial female employees was $960.40, which was 70.8% of the average received by male employees ($1,357.00).

Graph Image for Average Weekly Total Cash Earnings, Method of setting pay, May 2016



Occupation

Collective agreement was the most common method of setting pay for the following five occupation groups: Community and personal service workers (44.9%), Sales workers 43.6%) and Professionals (43.1%), Machinery operators and drivers (41.5%), and Labourers (37.1%)

Individual arrangement was the most common method of setting pay for Managers (62.3%), Technicians and trades workers (48.4%) and Clerical and administrative workers (47.8%).

Award only was not the most common method of setting pay for any occupation group. The occupation groups with the largest proportion of employees paid by Award only were Community and personal service workers (39.2%), Labourers (37.0%) and Sales workers (31.0%).


Industry

The industry with the highest proportion of employees paid by Award only was the Accommodation and food services industry (42.7%). The Public administration and safety (77.6%) and Education and training (63.2%) industries had the highest proportion of employees paid by Collective agreement. The Professional, scientific and technical services (79.5%) and Wholesale trade (70.3%) industries had the highest proportions of employees paid by Individual arrangement.


States and territories

Tasmania had the highest proportion of non-managerial employees whose pay was set by Award only (34.4%). The Australian Capital Territory had the highest proportion of employees whose pay was set by Collective agreement (64.5%), and New South Wales had the highest proportion of employees whose pay was set by Individual arrangement (40.8%).

Of employees paid by Collective agreement, the highest average weekly total cash earnings was received by employees in the Northern Territory ($1,552.40) and Australian Capital Territory ($1,514.30). Western Australian had the highest average weekly total cash earnings for employees paid under Individual arrangement ($1,464.60).

Employees paid by Award only in the Australian Capital Territory had the lowest average weekly total cash earnings ($490.20) of all states and territories. Of those employees paid by Award only, the highest average weekly total cash earnings was received in New South Wales ($953.60).


Sector

For non-managerial employees, the most common method of setting pay in the private sector was Individual arrangement (45.1%), followed by Collective agreement (30.7%). The average weekly total cash earnings for private sector employees paid by Individual arrangement was $1,304.30 and by Collective agreement was $1,088.40.

Seventy-two per cent of employees in the public sector were paid by Collective agreement and earned an average weekly total cash earnings of $1,432.10.

Employees paid by Award only made up 24.2% of non-managerial employees in the private sector and 25.6% of non-managerial employees in the public sector. Non-managerial employees paid by Award only received average weekly total cash earnings of $653.80 in the private sector and $1,368.40 in the public sector.


Employer Size

Of those non-managerial employees paid by Individual arrangement, 37.9% were employed by businesses with under 20 employees. Of employees paid by Award only, 33.6% worked for businesses with under 20 employees. Those non-managerial employees who had their pay set by Collective agreement were mostly employed by businesses with 1,000 and over employees (55.0%).

Non-managerial employees paid by Individual arrangement working for employers with 1,000 and over employees received the highest average weekly total cash earnings ($1,934.50), and those paid by Award only in businesses with under 20 employees received the lowest ($573.20).