TECHNICAL NOTE DATA QUALITY INDICATORS


DATA QUALITY

1 When interpreting the results of a survey it is important to take into account factors that may affect the reliability of estimates. The survey methodology procedures as well as sampling and non-sampling errors should be considered. Examination of the following quality indicators will assist users in determining fitness for purpose of the Survey of Motor Vehicle Use (SMVU).


SAMPLING ERROR

2 Estimates in this publication are based on information collected for a sample of registered motor vehicles, rather than a full enumeration, and are therefore subject to sampling error. They may differ from the data that would have been produced if the information had been obtained for all registered motor vehicles. Examples of the sampling error for this publication are included in this Technical Note.

3 The sampling error associated with an estimate can be estimated from the sample results. One measure of sampling error is given by the standard error, which indicates the extent to which an estimate might have varied by chance because only a sample of vehicles was included. There are about two chances in three that a sample estimate will differ by less than one standard error from the data that would have been obtained if all vehicles had been included, and about 19 chances in 20 that the difference will be less than two standard errors.

4 Another measure of sampling variability is the relative standard error (RSE) which is obtained by expressing the standard error as a percentage of the estimate to which it refers. The RSE is a useful measure in that it provides an immediate indication of the percentage error likely to have occurred due to sampling. In this publication, estimates with an RSE between 25% and 50% are annotated with the symbol '*', indicating that the estimate should be used with caution as it is subject to sampling variability too high for most practical purposes. Estimates with an RSE greater than 50% are annotated with the symbol '**' indicating that the sampling variability causes the estimates to be considered too unreliable for general use.

5 The RSEs relating to 2010 estimates contained in Table 4 of this publication are shown in the following table.

RSE OF MOTOR VEHICLE USE(a), State/territory of registration - Type of vehicle
	Passenger vehicles	Motor cycles	Light commercial vehicles	Rigid trucks	Articulated trucks	Non-freight carrying trucks	Buses	Total
	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%
Total kilometres travelled
New South Wales	6.1	14.3	6.9	5.6	3.6	22.9	8.4	4.7
Victoria	5.3	25.6	5.9	7.6	4.1	25.3	8.8	4.1
Queensland	5.9	17.1	7.0	5.5	4.0	19.0	8.7	4.3
South Australia	5.4	14.6	6.3	6.3	5.1	20.7	6.6	4.1
Western Australia	5.5	17.9	5.4	12.0	4.1	21.5	6.9	4.0
Tasmania	4.7	25.7	5.4	5.9	8.0	26.0	16.1	3.4
Northern Territory	8.1	28.0	6.5	9.0	8.8	np	np	5.3
Australian Capital Territory	5.4	23.4	6.8	5.3	8.5	np	np	4.6
Australia	2.7	8.4	3.1	3.3	1.8	10.2	3.8	2.1
Number of vehicles
New South Wales	1.6	4.6	2.1	1.7	1.7	14.9	4.5	1.3
Victoria	1.7	4.9	1.8	4.6	1.7	14.1	4.6	1.4
Queensland	1.7	5.3	2.0	1.9	2.0	11.2	3.5	1.3
South Australia	1.4	1.6	4.2	4.4	2.1	8.8	4.0	1.0
Western Australia	1.5	2.8	1.7	1.6	2.3	10.4	4.0	1.1
Tasmania	1.3	4.5	1.4	1.8	4.5	15.6	6.4	1.0
Northern Territory	2.6	4.0	2.9	5.2	3.3	np	np	1.7
Australian Capital Territory	2.8	7.0	2.3	1.5	4.9	np	np	2.4
Australia	0.7	1.9	0.9	1.4	0.9	5.8	1.8	0.6
Average kilometres travelled
New South Wales	5.9	13.8	6.6	5.4	3.5	14.0	8.2	4.5
Victoria	5.1	25.4	5.7	5.7	4.0	20.3	8.2	3.9
Queensland	5.6	17.0	6.9	5.3	3.7	17.9	8.2	4.1
South Australia	5.5	14.4	7.1	7.3	5.3	20.9	6.2	4.1
Western Australia	5.2	17.9	5.2	12.0	4.3	18.5	5.9	3.8
Tasmania	4.5	25.5	5.4	5.6	6.6	27.1	15.3	3.3
Northern Territory	7.9	28.2	6.4	8.6	9.0	25.7	7.8	5.2
Australian Capital Territory	5.3	20.2	6.4	5.2	6.8	15.3	np	4.5
Australia	2.6	8.1	3.1	2.9	1.9	8.7	3.5	2.0
np not available for publication but included in totals where applicable, unless otherwise indicated
(a) These RSEs relate to the estimates in Table 4.

6 As an example of the use of an RSE, the 2010 estimate for total kilometres travelled by all passenger vehicles registered in Australia is 163,360 million kilometres (Table 4 of the publication). The rounded RSE for this estimate is 2.7%, as shown above. Therefore, the standard error for the 2010 kilometres travelled by passenger vehicles estimate is 4,410 million kilometres (2.7% of 163,360 million kilometres). There are about two chances in three that the figure obtained if all vehicles had been included, would have been in the range 158,949 million kilometres to 167,770 million kilometres (a range of one standard error above and below the survey estimate). There are about 19 chances in 20 that the figure would have been in the range 154,540 million kilometres to 172,180 million kilometres (a range of two standard errors above and below the survey estimate).

7 It is important to note that estimates at more detailed levels than the above are subject to higher RSEs and therefore are less reliable.

8 RSEs for other key variables are shown in the following tables. The RSEs of further detailed variables can be made available on request.

RSE of fuel consumption(a), Type of fuel - Type of vehicle
	Passenger vehicles	Motor cycles	Light commercial vehicles	Rigid trucks	Articulated trucks	Non-freight carrying trucks	Buses	Total
	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%
Total fuel consumption
Petrol	3.7	8.7	5.6	21.5	99.0	45.3	13.3	3.2
Diesel	16.7	99.9	6.1	3.4	2.0	12.0	4.7	3.0
LPG/CNG/dual fuel	15.9	-	16.1	40.0	30.8	66.1	16.9	11.4
Total	3.2	8.7	3.3	3.3	2.0	11.6	4.0	2.1
Average rate of fuel consumption
Petrol	1.8	2.7	1.6	10.1	100.0	9.2	3.9	1.5
Diesel	4.6	100.0	1.8	1.7	0.7	7.7	2.4	2.2
LPG/CNG/dual fuel	4.5	-	3.9	37.8	8.6	19.3	13.7	3.7
Total	1.6	2.7	1.2	1.7	0.7	7.3	2.3	1.0
- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
(a) These RSEs relate to the estimates in Table 5.

RSE of freight vehicles(a), State/territory of operation
	Light commercial vehicles	Rigid trucks	Articulated trucks	Total
	%	%	%	%
Total tonne-kilometres
New South Wales	20.4	11.5	3.9	3.7
Victoria	12.6	9.8	4.8	4.1
Queensland	15.9	7.9	5.8	4.9
South Australia	15.4	11.6	7.1	6.0
Western Australia	12.4	14.1	6.4	5.7
Tasmania	14.7	12.4	8.2	6.7
Northern Territory	13.2	9.2	15.9	14.4
Australian Capital Territory	23.6	18.8	27.8	14.1
Australia	8.4	5.5	2.5	2.3
(a) These RSEs relate to the estimates in Table 13.

9 Summary tables in this publication contain estimates for earlier years. Because of cost and provider load constraints, the SMVU cannot be designed to provide accurate measures of the movements between reference periods. Care should be taken in drawing inferences from changes in data over these years.

10 The standard error for the movement can be approximated using the following formula where is an estimate of total of the variable of interest, obtained from the 1st time point is an estimate of total of the same variable of interest, obtained from the 2nd time point is an estimate of movement of the total of the variable of interest from the 1st time point to the 2nd time point, ie

11 For total kilometres travelled by type of vehicle from the 2006 and 2010 SMVUs, the standard errors of the movements and the estimates from which they are derived are shown in the following table.

SE OF THE MOVEMENT OF TOTAL KILOMETRES TRAVELLED
		LEVEL ESTIMATES				MOVEMENT ESTIMATES
		2006	RSE (2006)	2010	RSE (2010)	Movement	SE (Movement)(a)
		mill.	%	mill.	%	mill.	mill.
Type of vehicle
	Passenger vehicles	156 184	2	163 360	3	7 176	5 683
	Motor cycles	1 641	10	2 394	8	752	256
	Light commercial vehicles	35 210	2	42 715	3	7 505	1 590
	Rigid trucks	8 040	3	9 011	3	971	373
	Articulated trucks	6 151	2	6 917	2	766	172
	Non-freight trucks	261	13	210	10	-51	39
	Buses	1 917	4	2 024	4	107	107
	Total	209 405	2	226 632	2	17 227	6 013
(a) Calculated on unrounded RSE estimates

12 As indicated in the table above, the estimates of movement are subject to significant sampling error and caution should be used in analysing the movements in the estimates. For example, the estimate of movement for passenger vehicles is an increase of 7,176 million kilometres and the standard error is 5,683 million kilometres, which means there are 19 chances in 20 that the true movement estimate is between a decrease of 4,190 million kilometres and an increase of 18,542 million kilometres.


NON-SAMPLING ERROR

13 Non-sampling error covers the range of errors that are not caused by sampling and can occur in any statistical collection whether it is based on full enumeration or a sample. For example, non-sampling error can occur because of non-response to the statistical collection, errors or omissions in reporting by providers, definition or classification difficulties, errors in transcribing and processing data and under-coverage of the frame from which the sample was selected. If these errors are systematic (not random) then the survey results will be distorted in one direction and therefore will be unrepresentative of the target population. Systematic errors result in bias.


Response and non-response

14 An important factor that affects non-sampling error is the response rate achieved. The ABS makes all reasonable efforts to maximise response rates. Where appropriate, mail reminders and telephone follow-up are used to attempt to contact non-responding vehicle owners. Responses were received from 84% of all of the selections for 2010. After removing those vehicles that had been found to be deregistered or out of scope, the live response rate for the 2010 SMVU was 84%.

RESPONSE AND NON-RESPONSE BY CATEGORY
		Percentage of selections 2010
		%
Response received
	Registered vehicle	79
	Unregistered vehicle(a)	5
Non-response
	Untraceable - mailing address unknown	4
	Other(b)	11
Total selections		100
(a) Includes deregistration, out of scope and duplicates.
(b) Includes: responses that were unusable because of unresolved queries or where the vehicle was sold during the reference quarter and the reported data covered less than 14 days; non-response where no listing could be found to enable contact by telephone; and owner contacted by telephone but response still not secured.

15 Live response rates for each state and territory, and for each vehicle type, are shown in the following tables:

LIVE RESPONSE RATES, State/Territory
	Response rate
	%
New South Wales	86
Victoria	83
Queensland	85
South Australia	86
Western Australia	86
Tasmania	84
Northern Territory	74
Australian Capital Territory	82
Australia	84

LIVE RESPONSE RATES, Type of vehicle
		Response rate
		%
Type of vehicle
	Passenger vehicle	81
	Motor cycles	80
	Light commercial vehicles	81
	Rigid trucks	85
	Articulated trucks	86
	Non-freight carrying trucks	86
	Buses	85
	Total	84

16 A large non-response increases the potential magnitude of non-response bias, which occurs if the usage patterns of the non-responding vehicles differ from those of the responding vehicles. For the SMVU, it is assumed that the characteristics of non-responding vehicles including the proportion of deregistered, out of scope and nil use vehicles are the same as for responding vehicles.


Frame quality

17 The scope of the survey comprises all vehicles that were registered with a motor vehicle authority for road use at some stage during the 12 months ended 31 October 2010 (excluding caravans, trailers, tractors, plant and equipment, defence services vehicles, diplomatic or consular-plated vehicles and vintage or veteran registered vehicles). A population or survey frame of 15.7 million vehicles was identified on 31 March 2009 using information obtained from the state and territory motor vehicle registration authorities, as part of the annual ABS Motor Vehicle Census (MVC) (Cat No. 9309.0). From this frame a stratified sample of 16,000 vehicles was selected for reporting on vehicle use.

18 The responses received in the SMVU provide an indication of the quality of the frame. In 2010, the effects of duplicate vehicle registrations, vehicle de-registrations prior to frame extract, and out-of-scope vehicles on the frame was estimated to be approximately 0.2% of the total frame. This indicates the frame was reliable in terms of providing an accurate number of registered vehicles in Australia.

19 Vehicle classification anomalies arise when respondents indicate an alteration has been made to the vehicle body, resulting in a different vehicle type to that recorded on the frame. These changes can happen during the time-lag between finalising the frame and collection of SMVU data (between 7 and 19 months). Vehicle classification anomalies can also result from data supplied by state and territory vehicle registration authorities. An assessment of vehicle classification anomalies from 2010 data shows that while there was no bias towards specific states or territories, there were marked discrepancies for some vehicle types. For vehicles on the frame that were listed as non-freight carrying trucks, 21.8% were found to be other vehicle types, 15.4% of vehicles listed as buses were found to be other vehicle types. This issue was not significant for other vehicle types on the frame.


Imputation

20 Imputation is the process whereby a value is generated for missing data items, based on the responses for similar vehicles which were operating for the reference period. As for previous surveys, the need for imputation of unanswered items on the returned questionnaires remained quite high. This is called partial imputation.

21 Total fuel consumption can be difficult to collect, being derived from the product of total distance travelled and the average fuel consumption rate. The average fuel consumption rate can be reported directly by the respondent or derived from the respondent reporting an amount of fuel consumed and the distance travelled on that fuel (for all or part of the period). If records have not been kept during the reference period, it can be difficult for the provider to provide or reasonably estimate fuel consumption. If this is the case the fuel consumption rate is imputed from the average of 'like' responding providers.

22 Additional imputation is needed due to questionnaire non-response and is called full imputation. The tables below show the percentage contribution to the estimates from both partial and full imputation.

CONTRIBUTION TO ESTIMATES FROM IMPUTATION(a), State/territory of registration
	Percentage of total kilometres travelled	Percentage of total tonne-kilometres travelled	Percentage of fuel consumption
	%	%	%
New South Wales	17	26	42
Victoria	15	31	38
Queensland	18	25	39
South Australia	16	25	37
Western Australia	14	23	37
Tasmania	18	23	46
Northern Territory	30	41	58
Australian Capital Territory	19	28	37
Australia	16	27	39
(a) Includes both partial and full imputation

CONTRIBUTION TO ESTIMATES FROM IMPUTATION(a), Type of vehicle
	Percentage of total kilometres travelled	Percentage of total tonne-kilometres travelled	Percentage of fuel consumption
	%	%	%
Passenger vehicles	17	. .	43
Motor cycles	16	. .	34
Light commercial vehicles	17	41	40
Rigid trucks	14	28	36
Articulated trucks	14	26	27
Non-freight carrying vehicles	12	. .	32
Buses	10	. .	19
Total	16	27	39
. . not applicable
(a) Includes both partial and full imputation

SURVEY PROCEDURES

23 The survey is comprised of four independent samples, with a different one used for each 3 month quarter in the overall 12 month survey period. Estimates from each of these samples are aggregated and adjusted for new motor vehicles and re-registrations of vehicles to produce an annual estimate.


Adjustments

24 The SMVU measures the use of all vehicles registered during the reference year. Because selections are taken from vehicles registered some time before the beginning of each collection period, adjustments are made to account for the change in size of the registered motor vehicle fleet since the population frame was created. For the 2010 SMVU, the frame was created on 31 March 2009. These adjustments involved two categories:

• re-registrations - older vehicles that are returning to the registered vehicle fleet after a period of de-registration, and
• new motor vehicles - vehicles which have not been previously registered.

CONTRIBUTION OF ADJUSTMENTS FOR RE-REGISTRATIONS, Australia
		PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL KILOMETRES TRAVELLED
		SMVU 2004	SMVU 2005	SMVU 2006	SMVU 2007	SMVU 2010
		%	%	%	%	%
Type of Vehicle
	Passenger vehicles	1	3	1	3	2
	Motor cycles	6	4	7	7	8
	Light commercial vehicles	2	1	3	2	2
	Rigid trucks	4	2	4	2	3
	Articulated trucks	4	4	2	4	4
	Non-freight carrying vehicles	6	1	3	2	6
	Buses	-	-2	-	-2	6
	Total	2	3	2	3	2
- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)

CONTRIBUTION OF NEW VEHICLES REGISTERED AFTER 31 MARCH
		Percentage of total kilometres travelled
		2004	2005	2006	2007	2010
		%	%	%	%	%
Type of vehicle
	Passenger vehicles	10	11	11	10	9
	Motor cycles	15	16	16	15	11
	Light commercial vehicles	14	14	14	14	10
	Rigid trucks	13	12	12	12	8
	Articulated trucks	18	19	20	17	11
	Non-freight carrying trucks	13	14	14	9	8
	Buses	12	15	15	16	5
	Total	11	12	12	11	9

25 These activities occur continuously and the adjustments are made to account for the registrations that are estimated to have been added to or removed from the registered vehicle fleet between the population frame date and the end of the reference period. The adjustment process also accounts for de-registrations. This means it is possible for the re-registration factor to be negative.


Pre-advice methodology

26 The quality of survey responses is improved by employing a pre-advice methodology. This involves vehicle owners receiving early advice about their inclusion in the survey and encourages a higher degree of record keeping. In addition, the reporting of odometer readings taken at the start and end of the survey periods (approximately three months apart) provide reliable estimates of total distance travelled without a recall bias.


Nil use

27 Some providers may report nil use for the 3 month reference period in which they were selected. Nil use vehicles are live registered vehicles that reported travelling zero kilometres during that specific reference period only. Nil use vehicles are included in the survey as their reported nil use is representative of other vehicles in the population. Vehicles may have nil use due to factors such as seasonal usage, mechanical faults or economic conditions. Where a provider gives a nil use response, a follow-up phone call is used to check the veracity of the response.

Nil use, Vehicle type
	2004	2005	2006	2007	2010
Number of registered vehicles with nil use
Passenger vehicles	406 865	393 971	409 471	456 884	561 613
Motor cycles	92 953	73 570	100 725	125 547	148 217
Light commercial vehicles	93 220	103 683	115 841	114 241	122 227
Rigid trucks	24 214	32 944	36 263	36 660	34 647
Articulated trucks	3 967	4 105	4 340	3 680	5 165
Non-freight carrying trucks	1 547	1 518	1 448	1 418	2 424
Buses	1 319	1 303	1 343	1 510	2 831
Total	624 085	611 094	669 430	739 940	877 123
Proportion of registered vehicles with nil use (%)
Passenger vehicles	4	4	4	4	5
Motor cycles	24	17	22	25	23
Light commercial vehicles	5	5	6	5	5
Rigid trucks	7	9	9	9	8
Articulated trucks	6	6	6	5	6
Non-freight carrying trucks	9	8	7	7	11
Buses	2	2	2	2	4
Total	5	4	5	5	6

DISTRIBUTIONS

28 The following tables provide values for total kilometres travelled and total tonne-kilometres travelled for selected percentiles. These percentiles have been calculated from all values reported in each quarter of the reference period. Percentiles provide some indication of the distribution of vehicle use across the survey population. For example, one-fifth of New South Wales passenger vehicles reported a distance travelled of 1,002 kilometres or less for the quarter they were selected in the survey. Note that the minimum value for every combination of state/territory by type of vehicle for both tables is zero.

29 Users should contact the ABS if they have any queries on the quality and reliability of estimates for particular purposes.

SELECTED PERCENTILES(a), State/territory of registration - Type of vehicle
		20th Percentile	40th Percentile	50th Percentile	60th Percentile	80th Percentile	95th Percentile	99th Percentile
Total kilometres travelled
Passenger vehicles
	New South Wales	1 002	2 078	2 523	3 178	4 749	9 167	16 122
	Victoria	1 121	2 350	2 788	3 232	5 130	8 397	17 227
	Queensland	974	2 120	2 464	3 039	5 072	8 756	10 711
	South Australia	876	1 673	2 066	2 727	4 072	6 771	11 747
	Western Australia	1 277	2 206	2 668	3 296	4 983	8 407	14 081
	Tasmania	897	1 632	2 227	2 818	4 570	7 833	13 269
	Northern Territory	1 249	1 956	2 468	3 082	4 978	10 381	18 740
	Australian Capital Territory	1 623	2 719	3 044	3 416	4 862	7 496	10 165
	Australia	1 048	2 154	2 581	3 109	4 952	8 610	14 461
Motorcycles
	New South Wales	30	350	712	901	1 613	4 045	4 681
	Victoria	-	18	175	318	1 059	2 822	5 214
	Queensland	4	300	560	837	1 872	5 537	11 259
	South Australia	-	99	296	513	1 414	2 809	4 725
	Western Australia	-	150	269	430	1 136	2 362	4 579
	Tasmania	-	112	257	354	785	4 681	5 715
	Northern Territory	23	284	362	495	1 366	5 850	18 724
	Australian Capital Territory	-	292	593	855	1 462	4 393	5 980
	Australia	-	195	358	599	1 359	4 228	7 368
Light commercial vehicles
	New South Wales	1 049	3 018	3 420	4 173	6 242	13 269	18 924
	Victoria	724	2 692	3 823	4 467	7 621	12 516	16 294
	Queensland	891	2 632	3 430	4 660	6 875	13 260	19 483
	South Australia	659	1 815	2 855	4 025	6 308	10 840	14 846
	Western Australia	967	2 699	3 491	4 146	6 216	9 967	15 941
	Tasmania	713	1 880	2 454	3 560	5 996	8 500	12 003
	Northern Territory	1 159	2 352	2 840	3 670	5 368	8 928	17 712
	Australian Capital Territory	1 623	3 036	3 670	4 155	6 291	9 677	13 783
	Australia	901	2 652	3 430	4 269	6 753	12 784	18 924
Rigid trucks
	New South Wales	799	2 412	3 547	4 726	8 133	16 939	33 448
	Victoria	407	2 160	3 384	4 451	8 947	19 245	33 471
	Queensland	524	2 112	3 225	4 452	8 542	16 743	26 107
	South Australia	288	1 640	2 388	3 707	7 041	14 630	36 320
	Western Australia	59	1 411	2 484	3 776	8 111	16 440	28 327
	Tasmania	293	1 384	2 286	3 355	6 746	15 610	28 474
	Northern Territory	391	1 280	1 891	2 790	5 285	10 246	19 108
	Australian Capital Territory	1 740	3 607	4 298	5 391	8 730	18 889	29 061
	Australia	465	2 099	3 143	4 364	8 302	16 889	33 255
Articulated trucks
	New South Wales	3 287	10 613	14 887	20 969	37 976	57 126	72 652
	Victoria	1 268	9 359	14 798	21 122	42 420	60 216	91 014
	Queensland	3 055	12 387	18 588	26 921	43 781	60 771	79 630
	South Australia	1 715	6 458	11 457	16 401	38 544	62 336	106 928
	Western Australia	1 402	8 026	12 069	17 080	30 799	56 222	89 398
	Tasmania	2 638	12 448	16 538	22 693	32 920	55 197	70 458
	Northern Territory	260	4 687	8 563	15 504	27 466	46 687	57 880
	Australian Capital Territory	8 469	27 021	31 779	35 065	44 058	58 097	74 131
	Australia	1 982	9 926	14 730	21 046	39 419	59 852	84 050
Non-freight carrying trucks
	New South Wales	982	3 677	4 724	5 185	8 097	12 718	12 943
	Victoria	168	567	957	1 061	2 973	4 987	5 562
	Queensland	169	641	1 428	2 504	4 973	11 476	13 539
	South Australia	-	210	281	618	2 031	8 070	13 874
	Western Australia	52	391	683	1 012	3 818	6 834	9 783
	Tasmania	56	265	336	640	3 049	7 183	16 791
	Northern Territory	np	np	np	np	np	np	np
	Australian Capital Territory	np	np	np	np	np	np	np
	Australia	151	567	1 012	1 604	4 760	9 783	12 943
Buses
	New South Wales	2 002	3 969	5 671	6 872	10 674	20 170	37 179
	Victoria	1 619	3 199	5 493	6 171	9 684	22 393	37 735
	Queensland	1 266	2 813	3 970	4 706	9 344	22 524	34 899
	South Australia	2 734	4 315	5 511	6 334	12 177	19 085	25 209
	Western Australia	961	3 354	4 768	5 991	11 426	19 786	29 165
	Tasmania	1 144	2 811	4 615	5 588	10 481	20 372	57 473
	Northern Territory	np	np	np	np	np	np	np
	Australian Capital Territory	np	np	np	np	np	np	np
	Australia	1 558	3 439	4 779	6 141	10 250	20 627	34 899
Total
	New South Wales	951	2 078	2 678	3 323	5 047	11 014	17 231
	Victoria	985	2 295	2 788	3 260	5 241	9 790	20 537
	Queensland	949	2 102	2 538	3 328	5 356	9 524	17 154
	South Australia	779	1 637	2 066	2 753	4 457	8 386	13 177
	Western Australia	1 024	2 045	2 650	3 305	5 211	9 370	15 924
	Tasmania	741	1 585	2 226	2 836	4 909	8 002	13 815
	Northern Territory	1 076	1 956	2 489	3 094	5 219	10 473	20 614
	Australian Capital Territory	1 477	2 566	3 008	3 416	4 880	7 496	16 152
	Australia	949	2 090	2 627	3 233	5 156	9 768	17 231
- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
np not available for publication but included in totals where applicable, unless otherwise indicated
(a) Based on distance travelled in a quarter.

Selected percentiles(a), State/territory of registration - Type of freight vehicle
		20th Percentile	40th Percentile	50th Percentile	60th Percentile	80th Percentile	95th Percentile	99th Percentile
Total tonne-kilometres travelled
Light commercial vehicles
	New South Wales	-	-	60	178	1 093	5 171	8 943
	Victoria	-	-	8	148	1 161	3 896	7 719
	Queensland	-	-	-	64	942	3 430	6 774
	South Australia	-	-	43	272	1 083	3 033	9 150
	Western Australia	-	-	59	202	1 096	3 694	5 569
	Tasmania	-	-	-	12	490	2 493	6 319
	Northern Territory	-	-	-	155	1 011	4 116	5 858
	Australian Capital Territory	-	-	54	238	998	3 423	5 995
	Australia	-	-	12	142	1 012	3 847	7 698
Rigid trucks
	New South Wales	313	1 742	2 950	5 196	17 476	86 100	310 690
	Victoria	168	1 914	3 059	5 436	16 432	80 329	278 747
	Queensland	390	2 608	4 360	6 687	19 495	87 642	307 929
	South Australia	103	1 882	3 215	5 707	15 680	71 256	292 628
	Western Australia	-	1 333	2 818	6 398	18 219	69 883	545 218
	Tasmania	20	1 112	2 416	4 560	14 467	69 498	272 805
	Northern Territory	304	1 170	2 631	3 933	10 036	36 181	71 090
	Australian Capital Territory	748	3 472	5 244	7 949	24 714	98 215	362 912
	Australia	205	1 811	3 264	5 653	17 677	78 851	299 975
Articulated trucks
	New South Wales	30 641	109 445	164 512	262 691	717 700	1 515 028	2 390 542
	Victoria	10 318	79 663	151 576	264 868	746 431	1 575 076	2 435 911
	Queensland	28 835	134 058	237 948	381 920	910 182	1 731 980	2 107 508
	South Australia	10 197	70 353	141 050	235 910	800 413	2 118 103	3 368 246
	Western Australia	14 584	91 838	158 834	263 972	690 637	2 176 265	4 856 542
	Tasmania	23 744	163 474	268 653	331 722	528 739	1 342 085	1 947 699
	Northern Territory	284	48 820	173 129	271 320	752 675	1 680 626	2 701 238
	Australian Capital Territory	76 221	344 787	447 975	522 560	967 275	1 324 880	1 861 879
	Australia	18 101	105 689	169 454	290 235	768 299	1 656 959	2 996 112
- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
(a) Based on distance travelled in a quarter